2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit9Wheels讲义北师大版必修3.doc

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1、1Unit 9 Wheels(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1cyclist n 骑自行车的人2motorist n. 驾驶汽车的人3pedestrian n. 行人4chip n. 集成电路片，硅片5ambassador n. 大使6interpreter n. 译员，口译者7southeast n. 东南，东南方8jam n. 阻塞，拥挤9traffic jam 交通阻塞，塞车10minibus n. 小巴11plus prep. 加，加上12solar adj. 太阳的，太阳光的13ferry n. 渡船14per adj. 每，每一15nonsmoking adj. 禁止吸烟的.重点

2、单词写其形1therefore adv. 纵联 1 所以，因此2arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留23thief n. 贼，小偷4insert vt. 插入，嵌入5platform n. 站台，月台6gentle adj. 和善的，温和的7fierce_ adj. 凶狠的，凶恶的8vocabulary n 纵联 2 词汇；词汇量 9schedule_ n. 时间表；进度表10timetable n. 时间表11foolish adj. 愚蠢的12hostess_ n. 女主人13crossing n. 交叉路口，人行横道14content_ n. 容纳的东西；目录15amount_ n. 数量1

3、6physical adj. 身体的；物质的17figure_ n. 数字，数目18admit vt. 承认，供认19whichever pron. 无论哪个20damage_ vt. some insist that stealing is always wrong, but others think that one does not need to feel so guilty when stealing some food to eat, if he lives in a really poor area and he is starving.用所给词的适当形式填空：argue写出加黑

4、词在本单元的近义词：gentle，加黑词的其他词性及意思： n.种类写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：actually3(2011天津高考阅读 A)Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system.Most hosts do not live in the town centre 5as much of central London is commercial and not residential (居住的)Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accom

5、modation in a less crowded area.It is very (convenience) to travel in London by Underground.写出加黑词在本单元的同根词：hostess写出加黑词在本单元的同义名词：jam用所给词的适当形式填空：convenient，句中 it为形式主语高考采撷(二) 写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)1(2018北京高考书面表达)上周，我们和我校的一些外国学生一起体验了中国的茶文化，这给我们留下了深刻的印象，并取得了巨大的成功。(impression)Last_week,_we,_together_with_

6、some_foreign_students_in_our_school_experienced_the_Chinese_tea_culture,_which_left_us_a_deep_impression_and_got_huge_success.2(2018江苏高考书面表达)例如，从大量的参考书中选择我经常感到困惑。在那种情况下，根据排名买书既方便又省钱。(convenient)For_example,_there_are_a_number_of_reference_books_which_I_am_often_confused_to_choose_from.In_that_case,_

7、it_is_both_convenient_and_economical_to_buy_books_according_to_the_ratings.(二)课堂重点释疑1benefit v people are still looking for other possible solutions.写美(2015福建高考书面表达)我们应该努力通过学习提高自己，为将来做好准备。We_should_take_pains_to_pull_up_ourselves_through_learning_and_get_prepared_for_the_future.句式集释强调句型教材原句 Before 1

8、908, when Fords cars became available to the public, it_was only the very rich who could afford to own a car.悟拓展例句(1)You are waiting at a wrong place.It_is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.你等错地方了。长途公共汽车是在旅馆接游客的。(2)Was_it because Jack came late for school that Mr Smith got angry?是因为杰克上学迟

9、到史密斯先生才生气的吗？(3)What_was_it_that prevented him from coming in time?是什么使得他没及时来到？(4)It_was_not_until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environmental protection.直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，他们才意识到环保是多么重要。析用法规则用法归纳(1)强调句式的构成：It is/was被强调部分that/who .，当被强调的部分为主语时，句子的谓语动词与被强调的主语保持一致。19

10、(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it被强调部分that/who .？(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词is/was itthat/who .？(4)对“not .until .”进行强调时，应使用句型“It is/was not until .that .”。当 not until .置于句首时，句子要用倒装。(1)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词强调时用“do/does/did动词原形” 。注意事项(2)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：把 it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，句子完整，则为强调句。背写

11、作佳句(1)(2017全国卷满分作文)I know it is one of Chinese traditional art forms papercutting that you are interested in.So I invite you to attend an exhibition of it.(开头句)(2)(2016全国卷满分作文)I have already finished my application and resume.But this is the first time that I have written an application and the pers

12、onal resume, so I dont know what it is that I should pay attention to.(要点句)(3)(2014辽宁高考满分作文)It is your contributions that certainly make the event a huge success.(要点句)词块、句式过关综合训练 .选词填空on average， go up， fed up， so far， pull up， take place， work out， be addicted to， pull out， rely on1On_average,_I sp

13、end 100 yuan on books each month.2The little boy is_addicted_to reading detective novels.3So_far I havent had any success.However, Ill keep trying.4When you began to work you might work_out a practical scheme.5Now that you are grownup, you should not rely_on your parents.6Mary told me straight out t

14、hat she was fed_up and wanted to leave.207The driver had to pull_up his taxi when he saw the traffic light turned red.8Fire will take_place if the gases hydrogen and oxygen are mixed and lighted.9The prices of many goods have been going_up so that many families live a hard life.10Just before we arri

15、ved at the station, the train to Xian pulled_out and soon disappeared in the distance.句型转换/完成句子/一句多译1You cant rely on your friends lending you the money.You cant rely on your friends to lend you the money.You cant rely on it that your friends will lend you the money.2他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。He went to bed, cold

16、_and_hungry.3只要你用功，你的法语水平就会很快提高的。If you study hard, youll soon pull_up_your_French.4直到上周五他才看完这本书。It_was_not_until_last_Friday_that he finished reading the book.5很多孩子沉迷于上网，因此他们对学习失去了兴趣。Many_kids_become/are/get_addicted_to_surfing_the_Internet,_so_they_have_lost_interest_in_study.(addicted adj.)Many_k

17、ids_addict_themselves_to_surfing_the_Internet,_so_they_have_lost_interest_in_study.(addict vt.)Addicted_to_surfing_the_Internet,_many_kids_have_lost_interest_in_study.(过去分词作状语).分步写作假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Peter想来中国旅行，他写信向你了解他到北京后乘坐何种交通工具旅行比较适宜。请你给他写封回信，建议他乘坐高铁。建议理由：1便捷、舒适；2准点、安全；3购票方便、价格适宜。注意：1.词数 100左右；2可以适当

18、增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。21参考词汇：中国高铁 CRH (China Railway Highspeed)；自助售票机 selfservice ticket machineDear Peter，Im expecting you to come to China. Yours，Li Hua第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文属于应用文中的普通书信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。文章应分三个层次：开头应点明写信的缘由，为介绍高铁的情况做铺垫，避免直接介绍高铁的特点带来的生硬突兀；主体部分应依据题目所给的三个要点进行构思，题目所给的三个要点比较宽泛

19、属于半开放作文 ，写作时应化大为小，细化处理，如介绍高铁时可从它的舒适性，安全性及价格方面介绍，以上这些要点考生容易把握，有话可说；结尾应表达希望或祝愿，不可戛然而止。要点 1：我要向你简单介绍高铁。I_will_introduce_the_CRH_train_to_you_briefly.要点 2：高铁便捷、舒适。The_CRH_trains_are_convenient_and_comfortable.要点 3：高铁准点且安全。The_CRH_trains_are_punctual_and_safe.要点 4：高铁购票方便、价格适宜。Its_easy_to_get_tickets_and_

20、the_prices_are_reasonable.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼要点 1，可补充内容“如今高铁发展良好且在中国很受欢迎” ，表达时可使用 which引导的非限制性定语从句；要点 2可使用 wherever引导的地点状语从句，及 at .speed等高级句式和表达；要点 3可使用 and并列句；要点 4可用 it作形式主语，及 such as列举使要点更加全面，具有可信度，同时用 and引导并列句再次介绍了所建议的交通工具的优点，从而达到写信的目的。拓展 1：当你到达北京时，你最好乘坐高铁，如今高铁发展良好且在中国很受欢迎。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)22Wh

21、en_you_arrive_in_Beijing,_youd_better_take_the_CRH_train,_which_has_been_well_developed_and_become_popular_in_China_nowadays.拓展 2：它有很多不同的交通线路。对你来说无论到哪都很方便。(wherever 引导的地点状语从句)It_has_lots_of_different_lines.It_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_wherever_you_want_to_go.拓展 2：高铁宽敞、舒适且快捷。(at .speed)The_CRH_

22、trains_are_spacious,_comfortable_and_run_at_high_speed.拓展 3：它们准时到站，且保证旅客安全。(and 并列句)They_arrive_on_schedule_and_guarantee_the_safety_of_passengers.拓展 4：购票方便，可通过多种渠道购票，如电话、网络或自助售票机。(it 作形式主语，such as)Its_easy_to_get_tickets_through_many_channels,_such_as_by_telephone,_through_the_Internet,_or_on_the_s

23、elfservice_ticket_machine. 拓展 4：票价适宜。为乘客提供一等服务，确信你会旅行愉快。(and 并列句)Prices_of_tickets_are_reasonable.It_offers_firstclass_services_to_passengers_and_I_am_sure_you_will_enjoy_a_good_journey.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡开头首先点明主题，建议乘坐高铁，同时简单介绍高铁的特点，以此引出下文；中间列举要点，用到连接词如 so， besides；结尾表达祝愿。Dear_Peter，Im_expecting_yo

24、u_to_come_to_China.When_you_arrive_in_Beijing,_youd_better_take_the_CRH_train,_which_has_been_well_developed_and_become_popular_in_China_nowadays.I_will_introduce_the_CRH_train_to_you_briefly.It_has_lots_of_different_lines,_so_it_is_convenient_for_you_to_travel_wherever_you_want_to_go.The_CRH_trains

25、_are_spacious,_comfortable_and_run_at_high_speed.They_arrive_on_schedule_and_guarantee_the_safety_of_passengers.Its_easy_to_get_tickets_through_many_channels,_such_as_by_telephone,_through_the_Internet,_or_on_the_selfservice_ticket_machine.Besides,_prices_of_tickets_are_reasonable.It_offers_firstcla

26、ss_services_to_passengers_and_I_am_sure_you_will_enjoy_a_good_journey.Yours，Li_Hua23理清文体结构之(九) 说明文之现象类确定说明对象，查找说明顺序和方法破解现象类说明文的关键：首先确定主题句，它常常位于篇首，通过主题句确定文章的说明对象。其次，要在略读全文时确定说明的顺序和方法，这是文章的核心部分，是命题的切入点，也是解题的关键。然后迅速浏览题干，结合题干要求到文中寻找关键对应点，从而确定答案。高考典例 2018全国卷C 篇确定说明对象，查找说明顺序和方法高考典例 2018全国卷C 篇读文解题技法说明对象时间

27、1数字 1时间 2数字 2时间 3数字 3时间 4数字 4数字 5数字 6数字 71Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech in

28、dependent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.2Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settl

29、ed and fewer in number. In recent centuries，trade, industrialisation, the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages s

30、uch as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly 1.速读首段查找主题句，确定说明对象本文的主题句在首段 but后，说明语言正在消失这一现象。2.略读全文查找说明顺序和说明方法本文以时间顺序采用各种数字来说明语言消失的规律。3.结合题干要求比对原文定答案结合题干中的关键词，比对各种数字背后24taking over.3At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languagesis hugely uneven. The genera

31、l rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone a

32、ccounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.4Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random,

33、 Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a questionmark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.暗含的意义，得出正确答案。利用说明顺序和方法巧解题Error!采 猎 时 期 定 位 第 一 段 中 的 “时 间 1”和 “数 字 1”， 即

34、 可 推 出 答 案 。Error!由关键词 第三段中的“时间 4”、 “数字 4”、 “数字 5”和“数字 6”，分析得出答 定 位 案。31What is the main idea of the text？ANew languages will be created. 25BPeoples lifestyles are reflected in languages.CHuman development results in fewer languages. DGeography determines language evolution. 文章主旨题：由说明对象及数字变化得出答案。答案 28.B 30.B 31.C