2019高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固练（3）（含解析）.doc

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1、12019高考英语一轮阅读理解巩固练（3）李仕才AYoure in your office when you learn theres someone with a gun wandering outside. You can hear gunshots and screams. What do you do?Thats the challenge for users of a new virtual (虚拟)reality program called SurviVR, designed to train employees how to deal with an active shoote

2、r situation in the workplace. The program works with HTC Vive, the virtual reality headset released earlier this year.An active shooter situation is when an armed person or people actively shoot in a small, populated area with the intention to kill. There were 20 such situations in the United States

3、 last year and 20 the year before, according to FBI statistics, resulting in a total of 231 deaths. This year saw the deadliest active shooter situation in US history, with 49 people killed in a nightclub in Orlando.In the training situation, users have four choices. They can lock themselves in the

4、office. They can hide, perhaps in the office closet. They can run for an exit. Or they can use something in the officea computer or a cup a pair of scissors-as a weapon to fight the shooter. This is an improvement on standard active shooter training. Gallo says, which typically teachers people to lo

5、ck themselves in place and hide. The lock down method is often ineffective, he says, and has resulted in many deaths in recent years.In the trainings basic level, no one gets killed. But as the trainings become more advanced, players who make a wrong choice be shot. Theres no blood; the screen simpl

6、y turns black slowly.If this sounds terrifying, thats the point, says Gallo. There are plenty of training programs to teach employees how to deal with workplace violence, sometimes involving role play with toy guns. But these trainings are basically games. Gallo says, with employees relaxed and even

7、 enjoying themselves. To teach people what they really need to know for an active shooter situation, they need 2to be scared.SurviVR will take the fear and turn it into confidence. Gallo says.1. Whats the authors purpose of describing a dangerous scene in Para. 1?A. To attract the readers attention

8、on the new virtual reality program.B. To show the challenge that the readers are required to face.C. To warn the readers of the possible dangers in the working place.D. To inform the readers of the correct response in such a situation2. What is the suggested response in the standard active shooter t

9、raining?A. Fighting the shooterB. Running for the exitC. Using a computer as a weaponD. Locking down3. What does Gallo think of the training programs involving role play with toy guns?A. Searing B. ViolentC. Ineffective D. Helpful4. What would be the best title?A. A New Virtual Reality Program on Ac

10、tive Shooter TrainingB. What Should You Do When Meeting Gunshots in the Workplace?C. How to Deal with an Active Shooter Situation?D. Employees Need to Be Scared of the Workplace Violence.【 语 篇 解 读 】 文 章 介 绍 一 种 新 的 主 动 射 击 训 练 虚 拟 现 实 程 序 ， 教 人 们 遇 到 办 公 室 暴 力 犯 罪 的 时候 如 何 应 对 。1. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的句

11、子Thats the challenge for users of a new virtual (虚拟)reality p rogram called SurviVR, 可 知 ， 作 者 描 述 危 险 的 场 景 是 为了 吸 引 读 者 对 新 的 虚 拟 现 实 项 目 的 注 意 。 故 选 A。33. C【解析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子There are plenty of training programs to teach employees how to deal with workplace violence, sometimes involving role

12、play with toy guns. But these trainings are basically games. Gallo says, with employees relaxed and even enjoying themselves.可知，Gallo 认为涉及 玩具枪的角色扮演的训练课程是无效的。故选 C。4. A【解析】标题判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章介绍一种新的主动射击训练虚拟现实程序，教人们遇到 办 公 室 暴 力 犯 罪 的 时 候 如 何 应 对 。 A New Virtual Reality Program on Active Shooter Training 是

13、 合 适 的 标 题 。B(2015大连高三双基测试)Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant physicist Albert Einstein.His theories of relativity led to entirely new ways of thinking about time，space，matter，energy，and gravity.Einsteins work led to such scientific advances as the contro

14、l of atomic energy，even television as a practical application of Einsteins work.In 1902 Einstein became an examiner in the Swiss patent office at Bern.In 1905，at 26，he published four of his five major research papers.The first one provided a theory explaining Brownian movement，the zigzag motion of m

15、icroscopic particles in suspension(悬浮液)The second paper laid the foundation for the photon(光子)，theory of light.In it he proposed that light is composed of separate packets of energy，called photons.A third paper contained the “special theory of relativity” which showed that time and motion are relati

16、ve to the observer，if the speed of light is constant and the natural laws are the same everywhere in the universe.The fourth paper was a mathematical addition to the special theory of relativity.Here Einstein presented his famous formula，Emc 2，known as the energy mass equivalence(等价)In 1916，Einstein

17、 published his general theory of relativity in which he proposed that gravity is not a force，but a curve(曲线) in the spacetime continuum(连续体)，created by the presence of mass.4Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism，the rising of one nation above all others.He opposed war and violence and su

18、pported Zionism，the movement to establish a Jewish homeland in Palestine.When the Nazis came to power in 1933，they criticized his ideas.He then moved to the United States.In 1939 Einstein learned that two German chemists had split the uranium atom.Einstein wrote to President Franklin DRoosevelt warn

19、ing him that this scientific knowledge could lead to Germany developing an atomic bomb.He suggested the United States begin its own atomic bomb research.【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了思想家、物理学家爱因斯坦对人类的伟大贡献及其人生阅历。1Einstein left for the United States _.Abecause of political reasonsBbecause he loved the United St

20、atesCbecause of his sickness of GermanyDbecause he was employed by the United States解析：选 A。推理判断题。根据第二段第三、四句“When the Nazis came to power in 1933，they criticized his ideas.He then moved to the United States.”可知，1933年纳粹党执政后，批判了他的理论，于是爱因斯坦便去了美国；由此可推知，爱因斯坦是迫于政治原因去美国的。故答案选 A。2Television is mentioned in t

21、he text as _.AEinsteins discoveryBa great invention of EinsteinCthe purpose of Einsteins work Da successful use of Einsteins work解析：选 D。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Einsteins work led to such scientific advances.even television as a practical application of Einsteins 5work.”可知，爱因斯坦的工作成果推动了科学的发展，电视是对他的理论的实际应用。故答案选

22、 D。3According to the text，Einstein disagreed on _.AnationalismBthe defeat of the NazisCatomic bomb research in the United StatesDthe establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine解析：选 A。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Einstein spoke out frequently against nationalism，the rising of one nation above all others.”可知，爱因

23、斯坦反对民族霸权主义。故答案选 A。4According to the text，Einstein is known as the following EXCEPT a _.Aphysicist Bpolitician Cpeace lover Dthinker解析：选 B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Any list of the greatest thinkers in history contains the name of the brilliant physicist Albert Einstein.”可知，爱因斯坦是位伟大的思想家和物理学家；根据第二段中的“Einstein sp

24、oke out frequently against nationalism.opposed war and violence”可知，爱因斯坦反对民族霸权主义，反对战争与暴力，由此可知，他是个爱好和平的人。文中没有提到他是一位政治家。故答案选 B。CMy 11-year-old daughter has been awarded an academic scholarship (奖学金) to a private school.Its only a small discount (折扣),but the scholarship means 6shell skip the waiting lis

25、t-provided my husband and I can cover $20,000 a year.Should we pay the private school fees,or choose free education instead?I always assumed my children would go to a private school,like I did.Not because my family is wealthy,but because I believe that the best education is private.It took years for

26、 me to make peace with the fact that my two children attended our local public primary school.Theyll go to a private high school,I told myself.Yet here we are.My eldest is now in her last year of primary school,and my husband and I will struggle to afford private school.If were to send our girl to p

27、rivate school,I could increase my work hours.My law degree was supposed to be my ticket to a good job and a solid income,but thats not quite how it turned out.The guilt and expectations are mine alone.Im terrified that my daughters potential will be wasted at the public school.And yet,I know that wo

28、rking more hours will crush (压垮) me.During many sleepless nights,I felt troubled by the decision.Although I want the best for my daughter,I have my own dreams too.I cant sacrifice everything for my precious girl.I explain that I want to be a positive role model for my daughter,and an unhappy parent

29、is a terrible strain on a family.I point out that not even the privilege of private school will protect my children from disappointment or struggle.And finally,its decided.My daughter is going to the public school behind our home.She couldnt be more pleased.Its taken me a little longer,but now Im co

30、ntent.More than my fancy private school education,its my family that shaped me.With high school now 25 years in the past,I can no longer remember the mathematical problems and Shakespearean quotes I once knew so perfectly.The lessons from my childhood home,however,have proved impossible to forget.71

31、.Why did the author want her daughter to go to a private school at first?A.Because her daughter earned an academic scholarship.B.Because she wanted her daughter to receive the best education.C.Because she wanted her daughter to skip the waiting list.D.Because her daughters potential was wasted at th

32、e public primary school.2.The author finally let her daughter go to a public school mainly because she realized that . A.private school doesnt guarantee a solid incomeB.she didnt want her daughter to struggle in private schoolC.however hard she worked,she couldnt afford private schoolD.public school

33、 is the most balanced choice for her family3.When the decision was made, . A.the authors daughter was disappointedB.the author felt sorry and guilty about itC.both the author and her daughter were content with the resultD.the author inspired her daughter to be a positive role model at school4.What i

34、s the main message the author intends to convey in the last paragraph?A.Family influences a childs growth more than school education.B.The lessons learned during our childhood will stay with us forever.C.It always takes people a long time to make a right decision.D.Private school education is not as

35、 good as people expect.1.B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知,作者希望女儿去私立学校的原因是自己认为私立学校可以提供更好的教育,因此答案为 B项。2.D 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知在送女儿去私立学校还是公立学校这件事上,作者挣扎了很长时间,考虑了各方面的因素,包括自己工作的牺牲、家庭的影响等等,最终做出去公立学校这一最能平衡各方面因素的选择,因此答案为 D项,公立学校对她的家庭来说是最平衡的选择。3.C 细节理解题。根据文章第十二段和十三段内容可知,做了这个决定后,作者和女儿都很满意,因此答案为 C项,同时排除 A、B 两项;D 项与文章意思不符。4.A 推理判断

36、题。在最后一段中作者强调家庭教育的重要性,认为比起在学校中学到的知识,8家庭的熏陶和影响对一个人的作用更大,因此答案为 A项。B 项,根据原文,作者强调的是“lessons from my childhood home”,即在家所学的东西不容易忘记,而在学校学的数学知识等已经不记得了,因此 B项错误;C 项原文未提及;D 项并非作者最后一段想表达的主要观点。DTelling fewer lies benefits people physically and mentally. Anita Kelly, study author and professor of psychology at th

37、e University of Notre Dame, employed 110 adults for her study. She divided them into two groups and asked one group to stop lying for 10 weeks. Lies included big ones and tiny onesany false statementsbut participants were still allowed to leave out the truth, keep secrets and avoid questions they di

38、dnt want to answer, etc. The other group wasnt given any special instructions about lying.It turns out that both groups reduced their lying, but those who were specifically told to tell the truth improved their health more. “We found that the participants could purposefully and dramatically reduce t

39、heir everyday lies, and that in turn was associated with significantly improved health， ” said Kelly.When participants in the nolie group told three fewer white lies than they did in other weeks, they experienced, on average, fewer mentalhealth complaints and physical complaints. They were less like

40、ly to feel tense or sad and also experienced fewer sore throats and headaches. They also reported that personal relationships improved. Additionally, participants found themselves honest about their daily accomplishments, and they stopped making up excuses for being late or failing to complete a tas

41、k, for example.“Its certainly a worthy goal to have people be more honest and interact with others in a more honest way， ” says psychologist Robert Feldman. “That would be beneficial, Im a little doubtful whether it makes us all healthier, but it may make us healthier in a psychological way.”文章大意：本文

42、是一篇科研报告。研究了撒谎和健康之间的关系。1Which of the following is true according to the text?APeople who tell lies are healthier than those who dont.BBeing honest can help cure sore throats and headaches.CNot all the participants were required to tell the truth.DParticipants involved are asked not to keep secrets.9答

43、案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第一句“The other group wasnt given any special instructions about lying.”可知，有一组的实验对象没有被要求讲实情，故答案C符合文义。2The participants of the two groups _.Atold as many lies as beforeBwere almost equally healthyCtended to lie less about their activitiesDexperienced tenser personal relationships答案：C 细

44、节理解题。根据第二段的第一句“It turns out that both groups reduced their lying.”可知，答案 C符合文义。3From Robert Feldman, we can learn that _.Awhite lies might make people have more complaintsBhonesty is likely to help people become mentally healthierCpeople should not be honest with others but with themselvesDtelling th

45、e truth can make people physically and mentally healthy答案：B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“. but it may make us healthier in a psychological way”可推知，答案 B“诚实会让人们在精神上更健康”符合文义。4The text is mainly about _.Athe connection of honesty and healthBresearch on physical and mental healthCadvice about being an honest personDef

46、fects of honesty on personal relationships答案：A 主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Telling fewer lies benefits people physically and mentally.”的开篇点题可知，本文主要讲的是诚实和健康之间的关系，故答案 A符合文义。ELAS VEGAS-It was different in the light of day.There was no “pop,pop,pop” of gunfire,no screams.Just a quite lot of cars abandoned by those,li

47、ke Kassidy Owen,who escaped with their lives.“Its strange to hear the silence,”Owen said,“because all I remember was the noise.”The 22-year-old was one of dozens of concertgoers who returned to the scene 10of the Route 91 Harvest festival on Wednesday morning to fetch the vehicles they left behind a

48、s they fled from a gunman raining down bullets from high above in the tower of the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino across the street.Survivors of the deadly mass shooting in Las Vegas on Sunday needed their cars to move on with their livesto get back to work,to school,home.It was the first time they

49、were returning to a scene that would forever change them,when joy and celebration and music turned into killing and horror.Before they could move forward,they had to go back to the place where they thought they were going to die.Owen had run to her car to hide and had tried to drive away,but she couldnt.People were running,bodies dropped to the ground,and cars bottlenecked in the parking lot.During a brief pause after more than 10 minutes o