SAE ARP 1354A-1991 Individual Inflatable Life Preservers《个人充气救生圈》.pdf

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1、SAE ARP*1354A 91 7943725 0500296 5 =For The Advancing Engineering Mobility Sociey AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED Land Sea Air and Space INTERNATIONAL 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 p RACTICE Submitted for recognition as an American National Standard INDIVIDUAL INFLATABLE LIFE PRESERVERS Jr

2、T ARP1354 I A“. Issued 1976-01 Revi sed 1991-10-28 1. SCOPE: 1.1 This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides criteria for o characteristics to be considered in the design of individual, inf life preservers intended for air transport safety. 1.2 The characteristics outlined herein shall apply,

3、 where applicable design of individual life preservers to be utilized by four basic classifications of users as follows: a. Adults b. Combination adult/child c. Children d. Infants/small child erat i onal atabl e to the 1.3 This ARP does not intend to specify nor limit the designer as to particular

4、configuration, material, hardware, attached equipment, or mode of operation of the life preserver except as required to fulfill the intent of the criteria established herein. SAE Technical Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sc

5、iences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.“ SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffi

6、rmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. e Copyright 1991 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc. Ali rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. SAE ARP*:L354A 91 = 7943725 0500297 7 SAE ARP1354 Revision A 2. REFERENCES: . TSO-C85 3. DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS : 3.1 Buoyan

7、cy : 3.1.1 The following minimum buoyancy schedule ,n Ta, particular user-type life preserver shown: TABLE 1 e 1 shall apply to the User Type Minimum Buoyancy in Fresh Water at 72F (22.2“C) lb (kg) Adult Combination Adult/Child Chi Id Infant/Small Child 35 (15.88) 35 (15.881 25 (11.34) 20 (9.07) NOT

8、E: Users are defined as follows: Infant: Small children unable to sit up by themselves, normally under 6 to 12 months. Small Children: Able to sit up by themselves but under 24 months old and under 35 lb weight. Child: Over 24 months old but under 13 years old with maximum weight of 90 lb. Adult: 13

9、 years of age or older and all weights. 3.1.2 The buoyancy of the life preserver shall be measured in terms of absolute buoyancy and be determined in a manner consistent with Archimedes principle of displacement. gravity of that portion of the weight that is submerged must be considered. Determinati

10、on of buoyancy by volume displacement must consider the weight and specific gravity of the jacket material and i nf 1 at i on sy s tems . If weights are used, the volume and specific o D SAE ARP*KL354A 91 7943725 0500298 9 M SAE ARP1354 Revision A 3.2 Flotation Attitude: 3.2.1 The life preserver sha

11、ll be capable of righting, within 5 s, an unconscious person who has been forced into the water in a face down attitude. The life preserver shall provide lateral and occipital support to the wearers head such that the mouth of an unconscious adult is held well clear of the water line with the trunk

12、of the body inclined backward from the vertical at a minimum of 30. 3.2.2 After being forced into a face-down attitude, and upon immediate return to the face-up attitude, the life preserver or flotation device shall not permit the unconscious wearer to return to the face-down attitude. 3.2.3 Life pr

13、eservers for infants must demonstrate a capability to support the body in a stable attitude with the mouth and nose supported well clear of the surface of the water. Bassinets or flotation cots should demonstrate stability and seaworthiness and be capable of protecting the infants respiratory system

14、 from inspiration of water and drowning due to swell or wave action. 3.2.4 A tether line, not less than 72 in long, shall be attached to infant life preservers at a point that tension will not adversely change the buoyancy attitude when the line is attached to an adult in the water. 3.3 Donning of t

15、he Life Preserver: 3.3.1 The means of donning the life preserver shall be self-evident to the extent that the device may be readily donned or placed upon another user by an average adult assisted by pictorial instructions only. (See 3.11.1) 3.3.2 It shall be possible for an unassisted adult to don h

16、isher life preserver in 25 s or less while seated with lap restraints fastened at the start of the timed-test interval. (See Appendix A for test procedure.) 3.3.3 It shall be possible for an unassisted adult to place upon another user, either adult, child, or infant, that users particular life prese

17、rver in no more than 30 s. 3.3.4 It shall be possible for an adult to place a life preserver on an incapacitated adult at least to the extent that the device so placed will provide the incapacitated adult with sufficient flotation to prevent the inspiration or ingestion of water. 3.4 Comfort, Fit, a

18、nd Adaptabi li ty: . 3.4.1 After donning, inadvertent release of the life preserver from the body shall be precluded. The life preserver shall not inadvertently loosen so as to change the flotation characteristics. vision along the horizontal forwardlside direction. 3.4.2 The life preserver shall be

19、 designed so as to allow free, unobstructed SAE ARPx1354A 91 = 7943725 O500299 O SA ARP1354 Revision A 3.4.3 The life preserver shall be designed so as not to restrict blood circulation, especially in the areas of the neck, armpits, and groin. 3.4.4 The life preserver shall not restrict breathing. 3

20、.4.5 The preserver shall be designed so as to allow for adjustment for fit and comfort while the user is in the water. 3.4.6 The life preserver shall be constructed to allow a maximum degree of head and neck movement consistent with the requirements of 3.2.1 regarding flotation attitude. 3.5 Freedom

21、 of Movement: 3.5.1 The adult and the adult/child life preserver shall be designed so that the user can swim, render assistance to others, and board a life raft or slide/raft. 3.5.2 The adult and the adult/child life preserver shall provide the user with sufficient freedom or arm movement to carry o

22、r support an infant in the water. 3.6 General Configuration: 3.6.1 The life preserver shall have at least two independent flotation chambers each of whlch Is provided with a mechanical and an oral inflation means. When elther of these chambers is inflated and the remainlng chamber deflated, the infl

23、ated chamber shall be capable of supporting the wearer with mouth and nose clear of the water line. 3.6.2 All hardware and equipment attached to the life preserver shall be located and padded so as to preclude the possibility of chafing the material of the preserver either in the packaged or in-use

24、condition. 3.6.3 It shall be possible for the adult or child user to jump feet first from a height of 5 ft (1.52 m) into the water wearing a fully inflated or deflated life preserver without injury to user caused by the preserver, and without damage to or loss of the life preserver. 3.6.4 Once orall

25、y inflated, a life preserver chamber will not burst upon subsequent discharge of the gas inflation system. 3.6.5 The infant flotation device tether (see 3.2.4) shall be of sufficient strength to permit lowering of the infant into the water to the proper buoyancy attitude. 3.7 Mechanical Inflation Sy

26、stem (GAS): 3.7.1 A separate mechanical inflation system shall be provided for each flotation chamber. -4- SAE ARP81354A 91 7943725 0500300 3 m SAE ARP1354 Revision A 3.7.2 Mechanical inflation shall be achieved by one simple operation for each chamber. operated with either hand in or out of the wat

27、er. Positioning of the inflation means shall be such that it can be 3.7.3 The mating of the inflation system to the material of the preserver shall be constructed so as to withstand static force of 250 lbf (11.12 N). 3.8 Oral Inflation System: 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.8.3 3.8.4 Each chamber shall be equipped w

28、ith an oral-inflation device fitted with a nonreturn valve that will permit the user to fully inflate each chamber. Once the life jacket is orally inflated, the oral inflation device should return to such a position that it does not produce eye or other facial injuries during a jump into water as sp

29、ecified in 3.6.3. The inflation device shall be located so as to be easily found and readily accessible to the user in and out of the water. The inflation device shall incorporate some means of quickly deflating each chamber. This deflation operation shall be such that it requires a positive act by

30、the user; i.e., it cannot happen inadvertently. The joint between the oral inflation valve and the flotation chamber may not fail when a 100-lb tensile load is applied for at least 3 s outwardly from and perpendicular to the surface of the flotation chamber at the point of valve attachment. 3.9 Colo

31、r: 3.9.1 The color of the life preserver shall be an approved international rescue color, except as modified in consideration of the area in which a particular air carrier operates. 3.9.2 Crew life preservers shall be readily distinguishable from passenger life preservers. 3.10 Equipment: 3.10.1 All

32、 life preservers shall incorporate a survivor locator light which meets the requirement of TSO-C85 and is located in such a manner as to provide maximum practical conspicuity in the water. If the survivor locator light is not automatically activated, the means for activation shall be readily accessi

33、ble and self-evident. For increased conspicuity and enhancement of the effect4veness of searchlights or other directed light sources, retroreflective materials or devices may be affixed to the life preserver in accordance with 3.10.3. 3.10.2 Crew life preservers shall incorporate a whistle or other

34、audio signaling devi ce. 3.10.3 All equipment shall be configured and located so as not to interfere with donning, retention, or activation of the life preserver. -5- SAE ARP*L354A 91 W 7743725 050030L 5 SAE ARP1 354 Revi sion A 3.11 Markings and Instructions: 3.11.1 Donning and other operational in

35、structions on the life preserver shall be simple, obvious, and presented pictorially with a minimum need for words. 3.11.2 Instructions pertaining to those operations that would normally be accomplished after the preserver has been donned must be oriented in such a fashion as to be visible and easil

36、y read by the wearer while in the water. 3.11.3 Size, positioning, and contrast of markings and instructions shall be able to be seen in low levels of illumination. than that for 20/200 near visual acuity on the Linear Snellen Scale approximately 0.22 in (5.6 mm) high with a stroke width of 0.047 in

37、 (1.2 mm) shall be used. Bold lettering no less 3.12 Packaging: 3.12.1 3.12.2 3.12.3 Any life preserver package shall clearly indicate that it contains a 1 preserver. The means for opening the package and removing the life preserver shal be self-evident. Opening of the packaging shall be accomplishe

38、d in one simple operation without the use of any tool or excessive physical force. fe PREPARED BY SAE SUBCOMMITTEE S-gA, EVACUATION AND DITCHING OF COMMITTEE S-9, CABIN SAFETY PROVISIONS -6- SAE ARP*:1354A 91 7943725 0500302 7 SAE ARP1354 Revision A APPENDIX A DONNING TEST A.1 Test Subjects: There m

39、ust not be less than a total of 25 test subjects. There must not be less than five test subjects in each of the following age groups: 20-29 years; 30-39 years; 40-49 years; 50-59 years; and 60-69 years. Not more than 60% of the test subjects in any age group may be of the same sex. The number of tes

40、t subjects in any age group may not exceed 30% of the total number of test subjects. Test subjects must have no prior experience in donning tests of life preservers. A.2 Test Arrangement: Subjects must be seated in actual or simulated air carrier coach class seating wlth a seat row in front of the s

41、ubjects simulating a seat row pitch not exceeding 31 In. Subjects may be tested singularly or in groups seated side by side. Subjects must receive no donning information other than a typical preflight briefing and donning demonstration on the use of life preservers. contained in the storage package

42、and the package held in the test subjects hand. signal and stops when the life preserver is properly donned, secured, and adjusted for fit. During the test, the test subject may release the seat belt and rise from the seat but may not move to any extent from the area immediately in front of the seat. Each subject must have the seat belt fastened. A.3 Test Procedure: The donning test must begin with the life preserver Separate timing Is kept for each test subject. Timing starts on -7-