2018年中考英语真题分类汇编题型3阅读理解专项训练十四热点话题（含解析）.doc

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1、1专 项 训 练 十 四 热 点 话 题时间：810 分钟/篇 分值：2 分/小题Passage 1(2018永州)流 行 词 点 赞 、 任 性 、 秒 杀 、 土 豪As the Internet is developing fast, more and more new words and phrases have been created in Chinese. Here are some examples.One of the most popular words is Dianzan, which is often used when you quite agree with so

2、meone. Another example is Renxing. When you say somebody is Renxing, you mean that they will do whatever they like. The phrase Miaosha first came from online shopping, which means you can complete your shopping orders before others. But now its widely used when you achieve your purpose in a very sho

3、rt time. If you describe somebody as a Tuhao, you mean that he is very rich.You can find lots of such new Chinese words. Keep learning and youll know more about Chinese culture.( )1. When you quite agree with someone, you may say_A. Renxing B. Miaosha C. Dianzan( )2. What does Renxing mean in Englis

4、h?A. Someone can complete his/her shopping orders before others.B. Someone will do whatever he/she likes.C. He/She is very rich.( )3. How many kinds of Internet language are mentioned in the passage?A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.( )4. What does the underlined word “purpose” mean in Chinese?A. 目标 B. 讨论

5、C. 成功( )5. Which of the following is Right according to the passage?A. Now, fewer and fewer words and phrases have been created in Chinese.B. Miaosha has been created two meanings in Chinese.C. You can find lots of new Chinese words without learning.Passage 2(2018娄底)“20国 集 团 ”峰 会 在 杭 州 举 行Hangzhou,

6、the capital of East Chinas Zhejiang Province, is one of Chinas finest and most popular tourist places. The city is ready to hold the twoday 22018 G20 Summit(“20国集团”峰会) from September 4.The city has been trying its best to greet the coming Summit. The new hotels for Chinese and foreign leaders, as we

7、ll as the rebuilding and improvement of some old streets, are almost finished. The riverbanks(河岸) of the Qiantang River are made much more beautiful with colorful lights.We saw the 100day countdown(倒计时) on May 27, 2018. More than 5，000 staff(工作人员) and volunteers are preparing for the summit.( )1. Fr

8、om the passage, we can know that Hangzhou is_A. the capital of East ChinaB. the biggest city in ChinaC. one of the most famous places for the Chinese tourists( )2. When will the 2016 G20 Summit end in Hangzhou?A. September 2. B. September 4. C. September 5.( )3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE ac

9、cording to the passage?A. Chinese and foreign leaders will live in new hotels when attending the Summit.B. Hangzhou is trying to rebuild all the old streets.C. Hangzhou is becoming more and more beautiful now.( )4. How many staff and volunteers are getting prepared for the Summit?A. Over 5，000. B. L

10、ess than 5，000. C. More than 500.( )5. Where does this reading material most probably come from?A. A story book. B. A newspaper. C. A text book.Passage 3(2018滨州)二 孩 政 策 的 好 处China is a great country with the largest population in the world. In order to solve the population problem，our government car

11、ried_out onechild policy (政策 ) before. When it is carried out for some time, many people not only see its advantages but also disadvantages.From 2018, twochild policy is put into effect. In my opinion, twochild policy is good. First of all, twochild policy is the gift for some only child. For some f

12、amilies, maybe the parents are only child and they also can have only child. Besides the loneliness of their child，when their child grows up and they grow older, their child marry an only child girl, the burden (负担) on their child and his wife is too heavy. Their child and his wife have to take care

13、 of two couples. Usually, a young couple looking after an old couple is a little difficult. But if their parents have two children, they can share the burden of taking care of their parents. It would be much better. Secondly, twochild policy can guarantee (保证) the number of Chinese population.All in

14、 all, onechild policy has been out of date. And twochild policy is 3needed and necessary. It can solve the problems of nowadays (现在) and the future.( )1. Which country has the largest population in the world?A. America. B. Britain. C. China. D. Japan.( )2. The underlined phrase “carried_out”in Parag

15、raph 1 means “_” in Chinese.A. 携带 B. 取消 C. 禁止 D. 实行( )3. Our government carried out onechild policy before in order to _A. solve the population problemB. take care of two old couplesC. share the burden of taking care of their parentsD. argue that twochild policy should be put into effect( )4. Accord

16、ing to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Onechild policy has its advantages and disadvantages.B. Its easy for a young couple to look after an old couple.C. China is a great country with the largest population in the world.D. For some families, maybe the parents are only child and th

17、ey also can have only child before 2018.( )5. Whats the main idea of this passage?A. Twochild policy is needed and necessary.B. Our government carried out onechild policy.C. Twochild policy is the gift for some only child.D. Twochild policy can guarantee the number of Chinese population.Passage 4(20

18、18咸宁)“9页 手 绘 步 骤 ”教 父 母 玩 微 信Zhang Ming, a college student from Shandong, created a 9page “WeChat guide”. With drawings and simple words, the stepbystep guide explains how to send messages, take pictures and make video calls. Zhang made the guide for his parents. “My parents are getting old. They ne

19、ed an easy way to learn how to use new technology， ” he said.Zhangs experience is common nowadays. Worldwide, 40 percent of parents learn about new technologies, including computers, mobile Internet and social media, from their children, according to a study from the International Communication Asso

20、ciation in 2014.Parents used to teach their kids about almost everything. Now for the first time, the teachers become the students, and the students turn into the teachers.The change of roles comes from the rapid development of society and technology, says Zhou Xiaohong, a sociology professor from N

21、anjing University. Zhou said the Internet and other forms of media give children ways to get information besides from asking older generations(长辈). Therefore, in the age of information, its possible that children know more than their parents do.According to the China Internet Network Information Cen

22、ter(CINIC), 56.7 percent of Internet users and 67.2 percent of social media users in China are 4under the age of 30. The younger generation usually acts as a link between their family and the new environment. But when they teach their parents new technologies, parents can connect to the new world by

23、 themselves, noted Zhou.In Zhang Mings eyes, teaching his parents about WeChat brings him closer to his parents. “People can communicate more by using new technology. Why should we keep our parents out？” said Zhang.( )1. According to the passage, Zhangs parents cant _ with the “WeChat guide”A. make

24、video calls B. send messagesC. grab the red envelopes D. take pictures( )2. Why does children know more than their parents do nowadays?A. Because parents teach the children about almost everything.B. Because children can ask more older generations for help.C. Because parents are getting old.D. Becau

25、se children can get more information by using new technologies.( )3. What does the underlined word “link” in paragraph 5 mean?A. teacher B. connection C. treasure D. conversation( )4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Zhang Mings “WeChat guide” is made up of drawings and

26、 simple words.B. 40% of parents learn about new technologies from their children all over the world in 2014.C. 56.7% of social media users in China are under 30 according to the CINIC.D. Zhang Ming thinks that we should encourage our parents to use more new technologies.( )5. Whats the best title of

27、 the passage?A. Ways of using new technology B. Kids can also teach parentsC. How parents connect to the world D. Ways to get informationPassage 5(2018荆州)人 工 智 能 AlphaGoWho is smarter, human being or artificial intelligence(AI, 人工智能)? The question swept the world a few months ago. In March 2018, Alp

28、haGo, an AI program developed by Google, had the Go(围棋) match with Lee Sedol, a South Korean Go player. He is the world top player of this old Chinese game.In October 2015, AlphaGo became the first computer program to beat a professional(职业的)human Go player. And this time, it beat Lee Sedol 41.In fa

29、ct, before the match, most people believed that Lee would certainly be the winner, because they didnt think that AI was good enough to beat the human mind. However, the result was disappointing. As a machine, AlphaGo would never get tired, while Lee Sedol was only a human and humans must have some w

30、eaknesses.AlphaGos wins over a human champion(冠军) show that computers can do more 5difficult tasks. Some people may worry whether computers are now smart enough to beat us at everything. But scientists say that is not the case. Real life problems can be more difficult than the Go game. Thomas Johnso

31、n, a scientist of AI said, “Its not hard to get a computer program to remember and produce facts. What is hard is getting computers to use knowledge in everyday situation.” And we believe we can use the technology of AI to improve the world.( )1. The match between AlphaGo and Lee Sedol is mentioned

32、at the beginning of the article mainly to _A. get the reader to think about AIB. draw the readers attention to AlphaGoC. show how AI is usually testedD. tell the reader AI has over the human brain( )2. What was the result of the match?A. Google program beat AlphaGo. B. Lee Sedol won AlphaGo 41.C. Le

33、e Sedol was beaten. D. Neither side won the match.( )3. Why did most people believe Lee would be the winner?Because _A. computers had weaknesses and also got tiredB. AlphaGo only beat a human Go player onceC. the Go game was invented by Chinese peopleD. computers were not so smart as a human( )4. Wh

34、at does Thomas Johnson probably agree with?A. AI does better than humans in every situation.B. Its hard for AI to beat the human at everything.C. The development of AI could be harmful one day.D. AI should be used to help us make difficult decisions.Passage 6(2018荆门)如 何 应 对 校 园 暴 力 ？Every school see

35、ms to have a “bully”(欺凌). In fact, bullying goes on in schools all over the world. Bullying is a common situation at school. We need to get to know more about bullying.Who gets picked on(被选择)? Bullies pick on people they think dont fit insomeone who “looks different” or isnt as “smart” or as “rich”.

36、 For example, shy kids often get picked on because of their characters. Physically hitting someone is the most obvious(明显的) form of bullying, but insulting(侮辱), gossiping(说闲话) and making fun of others are also usual forms of bullying.What can you do to stop bullying? If you are the bully, think abou

37、t how your actions hurt others. You cant build yourself up by putting others down. When youre feeling stressed or angry, find acceptable ways to deal with your frustrations.6If you are the victim(受害者), tell a trusted adult and get some help. Many times adults can find ways to solve the problem. Here

38、 is some wise advice: Ignore(忽略) the bully and walk away.Hold your temper(脾气). Maybe the bully wants you to explode(发怒)Dont fight physically. It may lead to more violence(暴力)Practice confidence even if you have to pretend it.Talk with parents or teachers about it. They are sure to help you solve the

39、 problem.Make true friends at school. That may be helpful.( )1. According to the passage, whats going on at school in the world?A. Being late. B. Bullying.C. Being angry. D. Fighting with teachers.( )2. Who may be bullied at school easily?A. The person who is smart. B. The person who doesnt gossip.C

40、. The person who is shy. D. The person who often gossips.( )3. As a student, how can you stop bullying?A. Think less about the results of your actions.B. Build yourself up by insulting others.C. Deal with your frustrations by fighting with others.D. Deal with your stress or anger in acceptable ways.

41、( )4. What can a student do to avoid being a victim?A. Dont ignore the bully and face it.B. Dont talk to parents about it directly.C. Make more good friends at school.D. Fight physically if he or she cant hold temper.Passage 7(2018滨州)在 网 络 平 台 “晒 食 物 ”的 坏 处We cant remember clearly since when we star

42、ted to take our mobiles to a dinner table. This happens a lot, especially when we eat out. Once a dish comes, instead of lifting our chopsticks, we take out our mobiles and click. Later, we post the photos onto Weibo or WeChat, waiting to be “liked”. Then we check our mobiles from time to time durin

43、g the meal, to see whether we get “liked” or not.We just cannot leave our mobiles for only a meal.Does that sound familiar to you? Do you do that often? If not, how do you feel when others do that when having dinner with you?A recent study suggests that what we are used to doing is not so good. Spen

44、ding time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant.To test this, some researchers did an experiment. Some people were asked to take photos 7before they could enjoy food. As a result, it showed that the more photos they took, _. So, why not stop taking photos and just enjoy the food in fron

45、t of you?Besides the scientific result, there are also some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals. After posting the photos onto the Internet, one will not be able to control himself and check his mobile many times. “Does everyone like my photos? I hope a lot of people like them

46、！” It seems that your mobile secretly calls your name all the time, even when you are with real people.So, next time you go out to have dinner with your family or friends, how about not taking photos of food? Let the food be delicious as it is and share your life with people around you. Trust me, it

47、 will be a wonderful time.( )1. From the passage, what happens a lot at the dinner table nowadays?A. People talk about their Weibo or WeChat.B. People learn from each other how to cook dishes.C. People like taking photos with friends or families.D. People take photos of food and post them before eat

48、ing.( )2.Which of the following can be put in the _ in Paragraph 3?A. the less cheerful they becameB. the less delicious the food seemed to themC. the more interested they were in the foodD. the more “liked” they got on Weibo or WeChat( )3.What does the fourth paragraph talk about?A. The reasons for

49、 checking your mobiles.B. The ways of posting the photos onto the Internet.C. The tips(提示)of making others like your photos on the Weibo.D. Some other bad influences of taking photos of food before meals.( )4. Which of the following is the writers opinion?A. We take our mobiles and click when a dish comes.B. We check our mobiles from time to time during the meal.C. Spending time taking photos of food makes the food less pleasant.D. Some people were asked to tak