[考研类试卷]2015年中国科技大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2015 年中国科技大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 chronic depression2 diplomatic immunity3 cyber romance4 cultural infiltration5 prudent monetary policy6 intangible assets7 military demarcation line8 disparate development9 propelling module10 magnetic suspension train11 merger and acquisition12 staff turnover13 mark

2、et saturation14 credit crunch15 Misfortune may be an actual blessing.汉译英16 露马脚17 爱国民主人士18 绿地覆盖率19 拉动经济增长20 退居二线21 买一送一22 百般拖延23 男女同工同酬24 单亲家庭25 乡镇企业26 茅塞顿开27 多元文化社会28 现行规章29 解决劳动力就业问题30 截留上缴利润英译汉31 In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks

3、are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality, and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept that equality more easily than did thei

4、r parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes“.If the process goes too far and mans role is regarded as less importantand that has happened in some caseswe are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time t

5、o reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism“ but we dont want to change it for a “neo-Popism.“What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, so

6、cial workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the creditnor all the blame. We have almost given up saying that a womans place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze mans place in th

7、e home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive aut

8、horitarianism has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.32 At the beginning of the World Series (世界职业棒球大赛)of 1947,I experienced a completely new e-

9、motion, when the National Anthem was played. This time, I thought, it is being played for me, as much as for anyone else. This is organized major league baseball, and I am standing here with all the others; and everything that takes place includes me.About a year later, I went to Atlanta, Georgia, t

10、o play in an exhibition game. On the field, for the first time in Atlanta, there were Negroes and whites. Other Negroes, besides me. And I thought: What I have always believed has come to be.And what is it that I have always believed? First, that imperfections are human. But that wherever human-bein

11、gs were given room to breathe and time to think, those imperfections would disappear, no matter how slowly. I do not believe that we have found or even approached perfection. Handicaps, prejudicesall of these are imperfect. Yet, they have to be reckoned with because they are in the scheme of human e

12、vents.Whatever obstacles I found made me fight all the harder. But it would have been impossible for me to fight that all, except that I was sustained by the personal and deep-rooted belief that my fight had a chance. It had a chance because it took place in a free society. Not once was I forced to

13、face and fight an immovable object. Not once was the situation so cast-iron rigid that I had no chance at all. Free minds and human hearts were at work all around me; and so there was the probability of improvement. I look at my children now, and know that I must still prepare them to meet obstacles

14、 and prejudices.汉译英33 开学了，天气凉爽了不少，心，似乎还有一半儿留在暑假那边不想回来。但这一组 20 世纪 70 年代的同学故事会吸引你回到多彩的学校生活中来。苏叶和周佩红两位都是当代著名的女作家，在她们的笔下，老师同学各个姿采生动，从历史记忆的深处向我们走来，带着那个特殊时代的政治气息和生活味道。故事久远，世事之变已如沧海桑田，但始终不变的，却是少年性情和青春心态。所以，任务似曾相识，有些细节似乎也正在身边发生，但隐于其中的酸涩和无奈，却打下那个时代独有的烙印。一些耐人寻味的字句，望留心体珍惜、留意学校生活中的一切，让它成为记忆中的一笔财富吧。34 据法新社(AFP)报

15、道，墨西哥总统 Enrique Pena Nieto 数分钟前撤销了 11 月 3日中国铁建的高铁投标结果，并决定重启投标程序。墨西哥交通部长 Gerardo Ruiz EsparZa 称，取消的原因是为了避免出现对投标程序合法性和透明度的怀疑。中国工程院院士王梦恕表示，墨西哥突然取消中国铁建高铁投标的消息背后不一定有着复杂的因素。如果按国际招标高透明度来看，中国高铁无论是质量还是造价，均是世界第一，没有竞争对手，谁不选择中国高铁都是自身的损失。“包括美国都有意用中国高铁，现在也正在商谈之中，预计会不日谈成。”王梦恕表示，中国目前高铁承接订单越来越多，并不需要“委曲求全” 。因此，在高铁项目商

16、谈之中，中国都会做到“有利可图” ，不会干亏本的买卖。2015 年中国科技大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 慢性抑郁2 【正确答案】 外交豁免权3 【正确答案】 网恋4 【正确答案】 文化渗透5 【正确答案】 稳健的货币政策6 【正确答案】 无形资产7 【正确答案】 三八线(军事分界线)8 【正确答案】 发展不平衡9 【正确答案】 推进舱10 【正确答案】 磁悬浮列车11 【正确答案】 收购兼并12 【正确答案】 员工流动率13 【正确答案】 市场饱和14 【正确答案】 信贷紧缩15 【正确答案】 塞翁失马焉知非福汉译英16 【正确答案】 spill the beans

17、17 【正确答案】 patriotic democratic personages18 【正确答案】 forest coverage rate19 【正确答案】 promote economic growth20 【正确答案】 retire from the leading post21 【正确答案】 buy one and get one free22 【正确答案】 do everything to postpone23 【正确答案】 Men and women enjoy equal pay for equal work.24 【正确答案】 single parent family25 【

18、正确答案】 township enterprise26 【正确答案】 be suddenly enlightened27 【正确答案】 multi-cultural society28 【正确答案】 current regulations29 【正确答案】 tackle the problem of employment of the labor force30 【正确答案】 withhold profits that should be turned over to the state英译汉31 【正确答案】 在男女角色没有明显划分、家务事或多或少由双方共同承担的家庭中，男尊女卑的观点是很难

19、维持的。双方共同承担家务和共同决策的模式造就了平等的观念，而平等的观念反过来又进一步促进了双方的共同承担。在这种家庭中长大的孩子，比他们的父母更容易接受平等的观念，并做好充分准备，去融入一个合作的、而不是“ 性别大战 ”的社会中。如果离这个进程太远，认为男人的角色不那么重要了在某些情况下已经发生了我们就和以前一样严重偏离了，只不过方向正好相反。是应该重新评价美国男人在家庭中的地位的时候了，我们对“妈妈主义” 有些厌倦了，但是我们也不想把它换成“新爸爸主义” 。更确切地说，我们需要认识到的是，父母在抚养孩子的过程中是一种平等的合作关系。有一些迹象表明，精神病学家、心理学家、社会工作者和有关家庭方

20、面的心理学家，更深刻地意识到男性在家庭中的作用，他们认为在涉及家庭方面的问题上不应该由女性承担所有的赞扬或指责。我们已经不再坚持认为女性就应该待在家里。我们开始分析男人在家庭里的地位，并且坚持认为他们在家庭中应该占有一席之地，这种地位与孩子的健康成长有直接的关系。家庭是一个合作的事业，很难为它制定规则，因为每个家庭需要为解决自己的问题制定合适的方法。过度的命令主义会带来不良的后果，是穿衬衣呢还是穿裤子，理想的平等权利和平等责任不仅仅与健康的民主相关，更与健康的家庭相关。32 【正确答案】 1947 年的世界职业棒球大赛开赛那天，当美国国歌奏响的那一刻，我产生了一种全新的情感。这一次，国歌是为我

21、而奏，就像为其他人奏一样。我终于能和其他人一样，站在职业棒球大联盟球赛的赛场上，成为这一切的一部分。大约一年以后，我参加了在乔治亚州首府亚特兰大举办的一次棒球表演赛。这是亚特兰大的赛场上第一次同时出现白人和黑人运动员。除我之外，还有其他黑人选手。那一刻，我一直坚守的信念终于实现了。我一直坚守的信念是什么呢?首先，我知道人类不可避免会有缺陷。但只要人类有一息尚存，只要人类还能思考，这些缺陷一定会逐渐消失，无论过程会多么漫长。我并不认为我们已经到达或正在接近完美无缺的境界。有些缺陷，例如残疾和偏见，在人类社会中都存在，也就需要我们勇敢地去面对。我一路上遇到的阻碍都促使我更加努力地去抗争、去奋斗。然

22、而，如果不是我内心深处坚信我的奋斗有希望，我就根本无法坚持。我的奋斗有希望，因为这是一个自由的社会。在这里，我不止一次遇到过无法逾越的障碍，也不止一次经历过令人绝望的境况。但那时，思想与心灵的自由便能起作用，让我摆脱困境。如今我看着自己的孩子们，我知道我仍需要他们准备面对困难与歧视。汉译英33 【正确答案】 The schools have been started, the weather is turning cooler, while the students are still lingering on the summer vacation, unwilling to return

23、to schools. However, they will be attracted back to the colorful school life by this set of classmate stories in 1970s.Su Ye and Zhou Peihong are two famous contemporary female writers. In their works, teachers and students have their own characters, and they are walking toward us, from the recesses

24、 of the historical memories, with the political and life characteristics of their times. Their stories tell about the ones from long ago. Despite time has experienced vicissitudes, what always the same are the juvenile temperament and the young mentality. Therefore, a sense of familiarity occurs to

25、you and some details seem to happen in your life, while the hidden sourness and helplessness were marked with the unique brand of that era. So please cherish and value the intriguing words and sentences, pay attention to what have happened in schools and make them the wealth in the memory.34 【正确答案】

26、According to Agence France Presse (AFP), Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto revoked the results of China Railway Construction s high-speed railway tender several minutes ago and decided to restart the tender. Gerardo Ruiz Esparza, the minister of the department of Transportation of Mexico, claimed

27、 that the reason for the cancellation was to avoid skepticism about the legitimacy and transparency of the tender procedure.Wang Mengshu, the academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, said that Mexicos sudden cancellation of bidding for China Railway Constructions high-speed rail may have c

28、omplicated factors. In accordance with the high transparency of the international tender, Chinas high-speed railway ranks first in the world either from its quality or cost. Besides, there are no competitors for Chinas high-speed rail.Whoever does not choose Chinas high-speed rail will suffer losses

29、. “Many countries including the United States are all interested in Chinas high-speed rail. The order is now being discussed and is expected to be completed in several days.“ Wang Mengshu said, Chinas high-speed rail has received more and more orders currently, so there is no need to “compromise.“ Therefore, in the discussion of high-speed rail projects, China will “seek profits“ instead of losing money on the trade.