[考研类试卷]2013年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2013 年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 malware2 code of conduct3 inflation4 search engine5 square brackets6 3G mobile7 MOU8 Chair-man of the Board9 tele-conference10 correspondence university11 vicious circle12 aircraft carrier13 entrepreneur14 financial crisis15 intellectual property汉译英16 波音17 硅谷18 教育机

2、构19 科学态度20 市场营销21 高能物理22 临界温度23 控制系统24 经济发展25 希望工程26 电流27 技术革新28 太阳能29 太空站30 数字电视英译汉31 The American mathematician Norbert Wiener first gave common use to the word “ cybernetics“(from the Greek word for “steersman“ , “kubernetes“), to describe that branch of study which is concerned with self-regulat

3、ing systems of communication and control in living organisms and machines. The derivation seems apt, since the primary function of many cybernetic systems is to steer an optimum course through changing conditions towards a predetermined goal.We know from long experience that stable objects are those

4、 with broad bases and with most of their mass centred low, yet we seldom marvel at our own remarkable ability to stand up right, supported only by our jointed legs and narrow feet. To stay erect even when pushed, or when the surface beneath us moves, as on a ship or a bus; to be able to walk or run

5、over rough ground without falling; to keep cool when it is hot or vice versa, are examples of cybernetic processes and of properties exclusive to living things and to highly automated machines.32 A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or to express the emotion that it rouses in him, con

6、cludes that it must be the gateway to a world that lies beyond. It is difficult for any of us in the moments of intense aesthetic experience to resist the suggestion that we are catching a glimpse of a light that shines down to us from a different realm of existence, different and, because the exper

7、ience is intensely moving, in some way higher. And, though the gleams blind and dazzle, yet do they convey a hint of beauty and serenity greater than we have known or imagined? Greater too than we can describe; for language, which was invented to convey the meanings of this world, cannot readily be

8、fitted to the uses of another.汉译英33 大型飞机重大专项已经立项了，中国人要用自己的双手和智慧制造有国际竞争力的大飞机。让中国的大飞机飞上蓝天，既是国家的意志，也是全国人民的意志。我们一定要把这件事情做成功，实现几代人的梦想。这不仅是航空工业的需要，更是建设创新型国家的需要。大飞机研制会带动一批重大领域科技水平提升，将使中国整个客机制造业向更高领域迈进。34 细娃盼过年，大人盼开春。儿时，对于大人的盼是不能理解的，但过年，对我来说，可是一年的大盼头了。过年，不但好玩，且有肉吃。那气氛是迷人的。年一过，又盼日子快些流，好流来又一个春节。在盼中，日子真的流得飞快，转

9、眼上了小学，继而上初中，然后高中，最后上大学，盼的欲望更加强烈，盼的内容也越渐丰富了：盼有好成绩毕业，盼有一份好工作，盼事业有成，盼挣钱替父母分忧，盼有一个好爱人不知不觉中，天天踩着盼的石阶而上，自己竟成了一个大男人，一个挣钱养家糊口的忙碌的人了。2013 年南京航空航天大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 恶意软件2 【正确答案】 行为准则3 【正确答案】 通货膨胀4 【正确答案】 搜索引擎5 【正确答案】 方括号6 【正确答案】 3G 手机7 【正确答案】 谅解备忘录(memorandum of understanding)8 【正确答案】 董事会主席9 【正确答案】

10、电话会议10 【正确答案】 函授大学11 【正确答案】 恶性循环12 【正确答案】 航空母舰13 【正确答案】 企业家14 【正确答案】 金融危机15 【正确答案】 知识产权汉译英16 【正确答案】 Boeing17 【正确答案】 Silicon Valley18 【正确答案】 education institution19 【正确答案】 scientific attitude20 【正确答案】 marketing21 【正确答案】 high-energy physics22 【正确答案】 critical temperature23 【正确答案】 control system24 【正确答案

11、】 economic development25 【正确答案】 Project Hope26 【正确答案】 electric current27 【正确答案】 technical innovation28 【正确答案】 solar energy29 【正确答案】 space station30 【正确答案】 digital television英译汉31 【正确答案】 美国数学家诺伯特.维纳是第一个将“控制论”(“cybemetics” 一词来源于希腊文“kubemetes”，表示“掌舵人”)一词变为用来描述有关生物体和机器通信与控制自我调节系统研究方面常用词的人。这样的派生词看起来似乎无可厚

12、非，因为许多控制论系统的主要功能是在不断变化的条件下为实现预定的目标制造出一条最佳路线。从历来的经验中，我们知道稳定的物体是指那些基部宽阔，且大部分质量集中于下方的物体，但我们很少因为人类拥有仅靠相连的一双腿和窄小的双脚便能笔直站立这样的非凡能力而惊叹不已。甚至在被推时，或者在船上或在公交车上脚下表面移动时，我们依然能够稳稳地保持直立。我们能在崎岖的地面上行走或奔跑，不会倒下来；当天气或冷或热时保持冷静，反之亦然；这些都极好地展现了控制论的进程与生物及高度自动化机械特有的性能。32 【正确答案】 年轻人看到日落，由于无法理解或表达心中激起的那份强烈感情，便断定日落处一定是通往遥远世界的大门。无

13、论是谁，在强烈感受到美的时刻，心中都不禁产生一种遐想：我们似乎瞥见从另一个世界射向我们的一道光芒，那个世界不仅不同于我们这个世界，而且由于美的强烈感染力，在某种程度上比我们这个世界更加壮丽。虽然这道光芒令人眼花缭乱，但它确实给予我们一种不曾经历和无法想象的美和静谧的启示。这种美和静谧是我们所不能描述的，因为人类创造语言的目的是表达我们世界的各种意义，无法轻易地运用于另一个世界。汉译英33 【正确答案】 The major project to develop large aircrafts has been approved, and our Chinese will use our own

14、hands and wisdom to manufacture large aircrafts that have international competi-veness. It is not only the will of the state but of the whole nation that Chinas large aircrafts can take off and fly in the sky. We must spare no efforts in making this happen and realize the dream of Chinese people for

15、 generations. This is not only for the development of the aviation industry, but for the building of an innovative country as well. The development of large aircrafts will also enhance the development of science and technology in a number of other major areas and put Chinas entire aircraft manufactu

16、ring forward to higher realms.34 【正确答案】 Little children look forward to the arrival of lunar New Year, adults to that of spring. When I was a child, I couldnt understand what the elders hoped for. But New Years Day was always the greatest red-letter day of all the year, for it meant the nicest food

17、as well as a lot of fun, which was really fascinating. As soon as the festival was over, another one was my dream and I wished time flew as fast as possible.Days spent in expectation come and go really very fast. Very soon I finished primary school, went to junior and senior middle school, and final

18、ly to college; with ever greater desire for more varied things: for graduation with honors, for an ideal job, for a successful career, for more earnings to share my parents burden, for a satisfactory wife.Climbing the upward steps of hope, I had become a fully grown man before I was aware of it, a busy breadwinner with a family on my hands.