[考研类试卷]2013年南京师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析.doc

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1、2013 年南京师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案与解析英译汉1 EEC2 Nuke3 IBM4 FOB5 EVP6 COO7 SINOCHEM8 ASEM9 SOMTI10 EU integration11 virtual secretariat12 the enforcement procedures13 appoint and empower14 live transmission15 High Tech Zone汉译英16 劳务出口17 利率市场化18 厉行节约19 劣质工程20 联合管理21 基本人权22 恢复法制23 宏观决策24 坚持党的群众路线25 贿选26 科普活动27 劳逸

2、结合28 控制人口数量29 快递30 空中交通管制英译汉31 At the close of 1933, Keynes addressed a letter to Franklin D. Roosevelt, which, not seeking reticence , he published in the New York Times. A single sentence summarized his case: “ I lay overwhelming emphasis on the increase of national purchasing power resulting from

3、 governmental expenditure which is financed by loans.“ The following year he visited FDR but the letter had been a better means of communication. Each man was puzzled by the face-to-face encounter. The president thought Keynes some kind of “ a mathematician rather than a political economist. “ Keyne

4、s was depressed: he had “ supposed the President was more literate, economically speaking. “If corporations are large and strong, as they already were in the thirties, they can reduce their prices. And if unions are nonexistent or weak, as they were at the time in the United States, labor can then b

5、e forced to accept wage reductions. Action by one company will force action by another. The modern inflationary spiral will work in reverse; the reduced purchasing power of workers will add to its force. Through the National Recovery Administration Washington was trying to arrest this processa reaso

6、nable and even wise effort, given the circumstances. This Keynes and most economists did not see; he and they believed the NRA Wrong, and ever since it has had a poor press. One of FDRs foolish mistakes. Keynes wanted much more vigorous borrowing and spending; he thought the Administration far too c

7、autious. And Washington was, indeed, reluctant.In the early thirties the Mayor of New York was James J. Walker. Defending a casual attitude toward dirty literature, as it was then called, he said he had never heard of a girl being seduced by a book. Keynes was now, after a fashion, to prove Walker w

8、rong. Having failed by direct, practical persuasion , he proceeded to seduce Washington and the world by way of a book. Further to prove the point against Walker, it was a nearly unreadable one.汉译英32 自核武器出现以来，人类一直生活在战争威胁的巨大阴影之下。全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器，实现无核武器世界，是一切热爱和平人们的共同夙愿，也是中国一贯倡导并不懈追求的目标。在 20 世纪 60 年代初，中国政

9、府就郑重发表声明，倡议召开世界各国首脑会议，讨论全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器问题。作为核武器国家，中国从不回避自己在核裁军方面的责任。中国发展有限的核力量，完全是为了自卫。中国始终恪守在任何时候和任何情况下都不首先使用核武器，无条件不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用或威胁使用核武器的承诺，是唯一做出上述承诺的核武器国家。中国这一政策今后也不会改变。2013 年南京师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案与解析英译汉1 【正确答案】 欧洲经济共同体(European Economic Community)2 【正确答案】 核武器3 【正确答案】 美国国际商用机器公司(International Busines

10、s Machine)4 【正确答案】 离岸价格(Free on Board)5 【正确答案】 执行副总裁(Executive Vice President)6 【正确答案】 首席运营官(Chief Operating Officer)7 【正确答案】 中国化工进出口公司8 【正确答案】 亚欧会议(AsiaEurope Meeting)9 【正确答案】 亚欧贸易投资高官会(Senior OfficialsMeeting on Trade and Investment)10 【正确答案】 欧盟一体化11 【正确答案】 网上秘书处12 【正确答案】 执行程序13 【正确答案】 委托授权14 【正确答

11、案】 现场直播15 【正确答案】 高新技术开发区汉译英16 【正确答案】 export of labor service17 【正确答案】 interest rate liberalization18 【正确答案】 practice strict economy19 【正确答案】 shoddy engineering20 【正确答案】 joint administration21 【正确答案】 basic human rights22 【正确答案】 to restore the rule of law23 【正确答案】 macro decision-making24 【正确答案】 adhere

12、 to the mass line of the Party25 【正确答案】 practice bribery at an election26 【正确答案】 activity to popularize scientific knowledge27 【正确答案】 strike a proper balance between work and rest28 【正确答案】 control the population size29 【正确答案】 express delivery30 【正确答案】 air traffic control英译汉31 【正确答案】 在 1933 年末，凯恩斯给富兰

13、克林.罗斯福写了一封信，为了使公众皆知，他把信发表在纽约时报上。一句话便可概括他要表达的意思：“我十万分地强调，国家购买力的增加取决于政府贷款融资的支出”第二年他拜访了罗斯福，但这次会晤的效果还不如上次那封信。他们都对这种面对面的会晤感到困惑。罗斯福总统认为凯恩斯是“某类数学家，而不是政治经济学家” 。凯恩斯很沮丧；他曾认为“ 在经济学方面，可能总统更有见识” 。如果企业规模巨大且实力很强，像 30 年代的那些企业一样，它们就可以降低它们产品的价格。而如果没有工会，或者工会力量很弱，像那时的美国企业，工人就可能被迫接受降低工资。一个公司的行为就会让另一个公司效仿。现代的恶性通货膨胀会起反作用；

14、降低工人的购买力就会加剧通货膨胀。通过国家工业复兴总署，华盛顿正试图阻止这种情况的出现，综合考虑各种因素，这是一个合理的甚至明智的举措。凯恩斯和大多数经济学家并没有领会到这一点；他和他们认为是国家工业复兴总署的错误，而且从那时起国家工业复兴总署一直未尽力。这成了罗斯福愚蠢的错误之一。凯恩斯渴望更多的有活力的借贷和支出，他认为总署太谨慎了。而华盛顿确实很不情愿。20 世纪 30 年代初，詹姆斯.沃克担任纽约市市长。他认为针对当时所谓的色情文学，人们应该保持随意的态度，并声称自己从来没有听说过一个女孩会被一本书诱惑。如今，凯恩斯多多少少证明了沃克观点的错误。由于直接和实用的劝说都没有成功，他便用创

15、作的书籍诱惑了华盛顿和整个世界。还有一点能够进一步证明沃克观点的错误，那便是他的书几乎是难以读懂的。汉译英32 【正确答案】 Ever since nuclear weapons came into being, mankind has been living under the enormous shadow of the threat of a nuclear war. To achieve the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons for a world free of nuclear wea

16、pons is the common aspiration of all peace-loving people. It is also a goal that China has all along been advocating and pursuing with unremitting efforts.Back in the early 1960s, the Chinese Government issued a solemn statement, calling for the convening of a summit of world leaders to discuss the

17、issue of complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. As a nuclear-weapon state, China has never evaded its responsibilities in nuclear disarmament.It is solely for the purpose of self-defense that China has developed limited nuclear capabilities. And we have faithfully abided b

18、y our commitment that we will not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances and that we will unconditionally not use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. In fact, we are the only nuclear-weapon state that has undertaken such a commitment and this policy will not change in the future.