EN 60404-6-2003 en Magnetic materials Part 6 Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequencies in the range 20 Hz .pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 60404-6:2003 Magnetic materials Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequencies in the range 20 Hz to 200 kHz by the use of ring specimens The European Standard EN 60404-6:2003 has the status of a Brit

2、ish Standard ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 BS EN 60404-6:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 September 2003 BSI 26 September 2003 ISBN 0 580 42676 9 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version

3、of EN 60404-6:2003. It is identical with IEC 60404-6:2003. It supersedes BS 6404-6:1998 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/NFE/5, Magnetic alloys and steels, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this

4、 committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using

5、the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from

6、 legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the U

7、K. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 23 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STA

8、NDARD EN 60404-6 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM September 2003 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2003 CENELEC - A

9、ll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60404-6:2003 E ICS 17.220.20; 29.030 English version Magnetic materials Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft metallic and powder materials at frequenci

10、es in the range 20 Hz to 200 kHz by the use of ring specimens (IEC 60404-6:2003) Matriaux magntiques Partie 6: Mthodes de mesure des proprits magntiques des matriaux mtalliques et des matriaux en poudre, magntiquement doux, aux frquences comprises entre 20 Hz et 200 kHz, sur des prouvettes en forme

11、de tore (CEI 60404-6:2003) Magnetische Werkstoffe Teil 6: Verfahren zur Messung der magnetischen Eigenschaften weichmagnetischer und pulverfrmiger Werkstoffe bei Frequenzen im Bereich 20 Hz bis 200 kHz mit Hilfe von Ringproben (IEC 60404-6:2003) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2003

12、-09-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be o

13、btained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the C

14、entral Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,

15、 Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Foreword The text of document 68/271/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60404-6, prepared by IEC TC 68, Magnetic alloys and steels, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60404-6 on 2003-09-01. The followi

16、ng dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2004-06-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2006-09-01 Annexes designated “n

17、ormative“ are part of the body of the standard. Annexes designated “informative“ are given for information only. In this standard, annex ZA is normative and annexes A and B are informative. Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60404-6:20

18、03 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following note has to be added for the standard indicated: IEC 62044 NOTE Harmonized in the series EN 62044 (not modified). _ Page2 EN604046:2003 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.4 1 Scope

19、.5 2 Normative references5 3 General principles of measurement.6 3.1 Test specimen.6 3.2 Windings.7 4 Temperature measurements.7 5 Measurement of magnetic permeability and magnetization curve using the voltmeter-ammeter method .8 5.1 Introduction.8 5.2 Apparatus and connections8 5.3 Determination of

20、 magnetic field strength 9 5.4 Determination of the magnetic flux density.10 5.5 Determination of the r.m.s. amplitude permeability and the relative amplitude permeability.10 5.6 Determination of magnetization curve 11 6 Measurement of specific total loss by the wattmeter method11 6.1 Principle of m

21、easurement 11 7 Measurement of magnetic properties using a digital impedance bridge12 7.1 Principle of measurement 12 7.2 Apparatus13 7.3 Procedure13 7.4 Determination of the relative a.c. inductance permeability 14 7.5 Determination of the specific total loss.14 8 Measurement of magnetic properties

22、 using digital methods .14 8.1 Introduction .14 8.2 Apparatus and connections15 8.3 Magnetizing current waveform .15 8.4 Magnetizing winding 15 8.5 Determination of the magnetic field strength 15 8.6 Determination of the magnetic flux density.16 8.7 Determination of the relative a.c. permeability16

23、8.8 Determination of a.c. magnetization curve16 8.9 Determination of the specific total loss.16 9 Uncertainties17 10 Test report17 Annex A (informative) Guidance on requirements for windings and instrumentation in order to minimise additional losses20 Annex B (informative) Sinusoidal waveform contro

24、l by digital means.21 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications22 Bibliography23 Page3 EN604046:2003 INTRODUCTION This edition of IEC 60404-6 has been prepared by WG2 in the TC68 maintenance programme of publications. The d

25、.c. measurements in the first edition of this standard are now covered in IEC 60404-4 and Amendment 1 to that standard. This edition of IEC 60404-6 includes measurements on magnetically soft powder materials. Since measurements on these materials at high frequencies employ some of the techniques use

26、d to measure magnetic components, there has been active collaboration with IEC TC51. IEC TC51 recently started to publish the new IEC 62044 series which will be composed of four parts. IEC 62044-3 presents methods of measurement of magnetic properties at high excitation levels appropriate to various

27、 ferrite core applications, whereas this edition of IEC 60404-6 covers the requirements of material measurements excluding ferrites, so that the two standards do not overlap. Page4 EN604046:2003 MAGNETIC MATERIALS Part 6: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft metalli

28、c and powder materials at frequencies in the range 20 Hz to 200 kHz by the use of ring specimens 1 Scope This part of IEC 60404 specifies methods for the measurement of a.c. magnetic properties of materials in the frequency range 20 Hz to 200 kHz other than electrical steels and soft ferrites. The m

29、aterials covered by this part of IEC 60404 include those speciality alloys listed in IEC 60404-8-6, amorphous and nanocrystalline materials, pressed and sintered and metal injection moulded parts such as are listed in IEC 60404-8-9, cast parts and magnetically soft composite materials. The object of

30、 this part is to define the general principles and the technical details of the measurement of the magnetic properties of magnetically soft materials by means of ring methods. For materials supplied in powder form, a ring test specimen is formed by the appropriate pressing method for that material.

31、DC magnetic measurements on magnetically soft materials shall be made in accordance with the ring method of IEC 60404-4. The determinations of the magnetic characteristics of magnetically soft components shall be made in accordance with IEC 62044-3. Normally, the measurements shall be made at an amb

32、ient temperature of (23 5) C on ring test specimens which have first been magnetized, then demagnetized. Measurements can be made over other temperature ranges by agreement between supplier and purchaser. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application

33、 of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 62044-3:2000, Cores made of soft magnetic materials Measuring methods Part 3: Magnetic properties at high excitation

34、levels IEC 60404-2:1996, Magnetic materials Part 2: Methods of measurement of the magnetic properties of electrical steel sheet and strip by means of an Epstein frame IEC 60404-4:1995, Magnetic materials Part 4: Methods of measurement of d.c. magnetic properties of iron and steel Amendment 1:2000 IE

35、C 60404-8-6:1999, Magnetic materials Part 8-6: Specifications for individual materials Soft magnetic metallic materials IEC 60404-8-9:1994, Magnetic materials Part 8: Specifications for individual materials Section 9: Standard specification for sintered soft magnetic materials ISO/IEC Guide to the e

36、xpression of uncertainty in measurement, 1993 Page5 EN604046:2003 3 General principles of measurement The measurements are made on a closed magnetic circuit in the form of a ring test specimen wound with one or two windings. 3.1 Test specimen The test specimen shall be in the form of a ring of recta

37、ngular cross-section which may be formed by a) winding thin strip or wire to produce a clock-spring wound toroidal core; or b) punching, laser cutting or photochemically etching ring laminations; or c) pressing and sintering of powders, metal injection moulding or casting. In the case of powder mate

38、rials, the production of a ring test specimen by metal injection moulding or by pressing (with heating if applicable) shall be carried out in accordance with the material manufacturers recommendations to achieve the optimum magnetic performance of the powder material. For all types of test specimen,

39、 burrs and sharp edges should be removed prior to heat treatment. In the case of high permeability material, it is preferable to enclose the ring test specimen in a two-part annular case. The case dimensions shall be such that it closely fits without introducing stress into the material of the test

40、specimen. The ring shall have dimensions such that the ratio of the outer to inner diameter shall be no greater than 1,4 and preferably less than 1,25. For solid and pressed powder materials, the dimensions of the test specimen, that is the outer and inner diameters and the height of the ring, shall

41、 be measured with suitable calibrated measuring instruments. The respective dimensions shall be measured at several locations on a test specimen and averaged. The cross-sectional area of the test specimen shall be calculated from h d) (D A 2 = (1) where A is the cross-sectional area of the test spec

42、imen, in square metres; D is the outer diameter of the test specimen, in metres; d is the inner diameter of the test specimen, in metres; h is the height of the test specimen, in metres. For a stack of laminations or a toroidal wound core, the cross-sectional area of the test specimen shall be calcu

43、lated from the mass, density and the values of the inner and outer diameter of the ring. The mass and diameters shall be measured with suitable calibrated instruments. The density shall be the conventional density for the material supplied by the manufacturer. The cross-sectional area shall be calcu

44、lated from () A = m D + d2 (2) Page6 EN604046:2003 where m is the mass of the test specimen, in kilograms; is the density of the material, in kilograms per cubic metre. For the calculation of the magnetic field strength, use the mean magnetic path length of the test specimen determined from ( ) 2 m

45、d + D = l(3) where l mis the mean magnetic path length of the test specimen, in metres. If the specific total loss is to be determined, then the mass of the test specimen shall be measured. 3.2 Windings The number of windings and the number of turns depend upon the measuring equipment and method bei

46、ng used. For specific total loss measurements, a magnetizing and a secondary winding are normally required. In this case, the secondary winding shall be wound as closely as possible to the test specimen to minimize the effect of air flux included in the winding. All windings shall be wound uniformly

47、 over the whole length of the test specimen. For measurements at frequencies above power frequencies, care shall be taken to avoid complications related to capacitance and other effects. These are introduced and discussed in Annex A. Care shall be taken to ensure that the wire insulation is not dama

48、ged during the winding process causing a short circuit to the test specimen. An electrical check shall be made with a suitable a.c. insulation resistance measuring device to ensure that there is no direct connection between the winding and the test specimen. 4 Temperature measurements When the tempe

49、rature of the surface of the test specimen is required, it shall be measured by affixing a calibrated non-magnetic thermocouple (for example a type T thermocouple) to the test specimen. Where the test specimen is encapsulated, a small hole shall be made in the encapsulation, taking care not to damage the material of the test specimen, and the thermocouple fixed in contact with the core material. If this is not possible, the ther