EN 14724-2003 en Space project management - Tailoring of space standards《航天项目管理 航天标准的设计》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 14724:2003 Space project management Tailoring of space standards The European Standard EN 14724:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 49.140 BS EN 14724:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy C

2、ommittee on 11 February 2004 BSI 11 February 2004 ISBN 0 580 43385 4 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14724:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee ACE/68, Space systems and operations, to Subcommittee A

3、CE/68/-/6, European co-operation for space standardisation, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to

4、 in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions o

5、f a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or pro

6、posals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BS

7、I copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14724 December2003 ICS49.140 Englishversion SpaceprojectmanagementTailoringofspacestandards Management

8、desprojetsspatiauxAdaptationdes standardsspatiaux RaumfahrtProjektmanagementAnpassungvonNormen frdieRaumfahrttechnik ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon1October2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatuso

9、fanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation unde

10、rtheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Por

11、tugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.E

12、N14724:2003EEN14724:2003(E) 2 Contents page Foreword. 3 1 Scope . 4 1.1 Introduction . 4 1.2 General. 4 1.3 Objective 4 1.4 Applicability. 4 2 Normativereferences . 4 3 Termsanddefinitions. 5 4 Principlesoftailoring . 5 4.1 General. 5 4.2 Projectcharacteristics . 6 4.3 Responsibility 6 5 Tailoringpr

13、ocess . . 6 5.1 Overview 6 5.2 Tailoringtemplate . 9 5.3 Processsteps. . 10 5.3.1 Identifyprojectcharacteristics 10 5.3.2 Analyseprojectcharacteristicsandidentifiedrisks .10 5.3.3 Selectapplicablestandardsfromrelatedstandards 10 5.3.4 Analyseselectedstandardsforapplicabilityofindividualrequirements

14、11 5.3.5 Harmonizeproposedproject- specificrequirementsformanagement,productassurance andengineering 11 5.3.6 VerifythattailoredrequirementsareconsistentwiththesetofEuropeanspacestandards andrespectorganizationalpolicies/constraints . 11 5.3.7 Issueprojectrequirementsdocuments 11 AnnexA (informative

15、) Exampletailoringtemplate,programmaticfactors,usingESAasa customer 12 A.1 Introductiontotheexampletailoringtemplate 12 A.2 Exampletailoringtemplate,programmaticfactors,usingESAasacustomer . 13 Figures Figure1Tailoringprocessflowchart . 8EN14724:2003(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN14724:2003)hasbeenpr

16、eparedbyCMC. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidentical textorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJune2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnat thelatestbyJune2004. Itisbasedonapreviousversionoriginally 1) preparedbytheECSSTailoringWorkingGroup,

17、reviewedbythe ECSSTechnicalPanelandapprovedbytheECSSSteeringBoard.TheEuropeanCooperationforSpace Standardization(ECSS)isacooperativeeffortoftheEuropeanSpaceAgency,nationalspaceagenciesand Europeanindustryassociationsforthepurposeofdevelopingandmaintainingcommonstandards. ThisEuropeanStandardisoneoft

18、heseriesofspacestandardsintendedtobeappliedtogetherforthe management,engineeringandproductassuranceinspaceprojectsandapplications. RequirementsinthisEuropeanStandardaredefinedintermsofwhatshallbeaccomplished,ratherthanin termsofhowtoorganizeandperformthenecessarywork.Thisallowsexistingorganizational

19、structuresand methodstobeappliedwheretheyareeffective,andforthestructuresandmethodstoevolveasnecessary withoutrewritingthestandards. TheformulationofthisEuropeanStandardtakesintoaccounttheexistingISO9000familyofdocuments. AnnexAisinformative. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationals

20、tandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark, Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands, Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. 1) ECSSM0002AEN1

21、4724:2003(E) 4 1Scope 1.1Introduction TherequirementsdefinedintheseriesofEuropeanspacestandardsareapplicabletoallactorsworkingon spaceprojects,butareintendedtobeviewedfromtheperspectiveofaspecificprojectcontext,andtailoredto matchthegenuinerequirementsoftheproject.Theprojectisdetermined,amongstother

22、things,byits environment,technologymaturity,productclass,costandriskconstraints,organizationalcomplexity,andthe procurementapproachadoptedforagivenacquisition.Thetailoringprocessiscarriedoutbytherelevant customerateachlevelinthehierarchy,inasystematicmannerwithintherulesandconstraintsofthe customero

23、rganization,andwithdueconsiderationoftheengineering,qualityandmanagementaspectsofthe project. Theconclusionsofthetailoringexerciseareincorporatedintotheprojectrequirementsdocuments.The resultsofthetailoringdecisionsbytheactorsorganizationleadstoanoptimizedprojectimplementation process,wherebyactorsa

24、reonlyconstrainedbyrequirementsappropriatetotheirrolesandresponsibilitiesin anylevelwithintheprojecthierarchy. 1.2General ThisstandardispartofaseriesofEuropeanspacestandardsdealingwithmanagement.Itdefinesthe processoftailoring,applicabletoallspacestandardsformanagement,productassuranceandengineering

25、as aguideline. Thisstandarddefinestheobjectives,principles,methodsandprocessesoftailoringthataretobeconsidered whenestablishingtheprojectrequirementsdocuments. 1.3Objective TheobjectiveofthisstandardistofacilitatetheapplicationofacoherentapproachtothetailoringofEuropean spacestandards,theirtraceabil

26、ityandsubsequentimplementationforaspecificproject. 1.4Applicability Therequirementfortailoringisapplicabletoallcustomersatalllevelsinaspaceprojectinaccordancewith thedefinitionsofthecustomersuppliernetworkasdefinedinEN132901.Thisstandardlaysdown applicableprinciplesandidentifiesamethodfortailoringof

27、Europeanspacestandards.Itdoesnotaddress contributionsfromthesuppliertowardsthefinalizationoftheprojectrequirementsdocuments,whichis envisagedaspartofthecontractualnegotiationprocess. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications. Thes

28、enormativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelisted hereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplyto thisEuropeanStandardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthe latesteditionofthepublicatio

29、nreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN132901:1999, SpaceprojectmanagementGeneralrequirementsPart1:Policyandprinciples. EN13701:2001, Spacesystems Glossaryofterms. ENISO17666:2003, SpacesystemsRiskmanagement(ISO17666:2003).EN14724:2003(E) 5 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStand

30、ard,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninEN13701:2001andthe followingapply. 3.1 tailoring processbywhichindividualrequirementsofspecifications,standards,andrelateddocumentsareevaluated, andmadeapplicabletoaspecificprojectbyselection,andinsomeexceptionalcases,modificationofexisting oradditionofnewrequirement

31、s NOTE Theevaluationdeterminestheextenttowhichtherequirementsaremostsuitablefortheacquisitionor developmentofconstituentsofaspaceproject. 4 Principlesoftailoring 4.1General ThegeneralprinciplesforthetailoringofEuropeanspacestandardsareasfollows: a) Applicablestandardssubjecttotailoringareidentifiedb

32、ythecustomer. b) Asetofapplicablerequirementsfromtheidentifiedstandardsareestablishedthroughanintegrated approach,afterbalancedconsiderationoftheprojectphase,management,qualityandtechnicalaspects oftheproject,andtheanalysisofcost- technicaldriversandrisks. c) Tailoringisperformedateachleveloftheproj

33、ecthierarchybytherelevantcustomer,toensurethatthe requirementsselectedareonlythosenecessaryforthesuccessfulcompletionoftheworkunderthe relevantbusinessagreement.Therefore,asamatterofprinciple,tailoringresultsinanappropriately lightenedsetofrequirementsatthelowerlevelofthecustomer- suppliernetwork. d

34、) Tailoringatalllevelsisperformedsystematicallyinaccordancewiththemethoddescribedinthis standard. e) Tailoringisperformedforeachphaseoftheprojecttoensurethatdueaccountistakenofthenecessary shiftinmanagementobjectivesandemphases. f) Overallprogrammerequirementsaretakenintoaccountwhiletailoringisperfo

35、rmedduringthelifecycleof theproject,inconjunctionwithspecificprojectphases,andfortherelevantagreementswhenthe parameterschange. g) Identificationofexceptionalrequirementstobemandatorilyappliedateachlevelofthecustomer- suppliernetwork,toensurethathigher- levelcustomerrequirementsarereflectedatthelowe

36、rlevelsof theorganization. h)Exceptionallyandwhenjustified,additional,modifiedorsubstitutedrequirementstothoseofthe standardscanbeintroducedintotheprojectrequirementsdocuments.Inallcasestheoverallcoherence oftherequirementsismaintained. i) Thetailoringprocessaddressestheneedtoreviewandharmonizethese

37、lectedrequirements,toensure thatacoherentsetofrequirementsisdeveloped,andalsotoensureeliminationofrequirementsthatare notapplicable.EN14724:2003(E) 6 4.2 Projectcharacteristics Projectcharacteristicsaretheprimaryinfluenceonthedecisionstakenduringtherequirementstailoring process.Alltailoringdecisions

38、takenaredrivenbythecharacteristicsidentifiedfortheprojectandthe associatedconsiderations. Theidentificationofprojectcharacteristicsistheprerequisitetoestablishtheprojectcontext,scope,scale, orientationandthekeyprojectelementsimportanttosuccessfulachievementofobjectives. Projectcharacteristicsaredefi

39、nedinbothprogrammaticandtechnicalterms.Programmaticcharacteristics, withastrongersubjectiveelement,focusonstrategicaspectsoftheproject:riskpolicy,political,financial, economic,andcontractual.Mission,engineering,scientificandgenerallyproduct- orientedfactorsdetermine theobjectivetechnicalcharacterist

40、ics. Examplesofsuchcharacteristicsintheprogrammaticdomainareincludedintheexampletailoringtemplate (seeannexA). 4.3Responsibility Tailoringistheresponsibilityofandperformedbytherelevantcustomerateachleveloftheprojecthierarchy, inaccordancewiththeoverallprinciplesofthecustomersuppliernetwork.Tailoring

41、resultsinthe establishmentoftheprojectrequirementsdocumentsthatformthebasisfortailoringatthenextlevel. Afurtheraspectoftheresponsibilityofthecustomersorganizationwithrespecttotailoringisforthe managementdisciplinetoensuretheintegrationandharmonizationofrequirementsacrossallproject disciplines. Atany

42、levelofthecustomer- suppliernetwork,anappropriateauthoritywithintheactors organizationverifies theconsistencyoflocalproceduresandmethodologieswiththeapplicationofEuropeanspacestandards,in ordertoavoidconflictbetweencustomerandEuropeanspacestandardsrequirements. SeeEN132901foradefinitionofthestructur

43、eandresponsibilitieswithinthecustomer- suppliernetwork. 5 Tailoringprocess 5.1Overview Consideringtheprinciplesinclause4,thetailoringprocesshasseveralstagesthatshallbecompletedin ordertodevelopafullsetoftailoredmanagement,productassuranceandengineeringrequirementswhich reflectthespecificcircumstance

44、softheprojectinquestion. Thestepsofthetailoringprocessare: a) identifyprojectcharacteristics; b) analyseprojectcharacteristicsandidentifiedrisks; c) selectapplicablestandardssubjecttotailoringfromrelatedstandards; d) selectapplicablerequirementsfromrelatedstandards; e) harmonizemanagement,productassuranceande