EN 13887-2003 en Structural adhesives Guidelines for surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding《建筑粘合剂 粘结之前金属和塑料表面制备指南》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13887:2003 Structural adhesives Guidelines for surface preparation of metals and plastics prior to adhesive bonding The European Standard EN 13887:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 25.220.20; 83.180 BS EN 13887:2003 This British Standard, was published under the au

2、thority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 4 September 2003 BSI 4 September 2003 ISBN 0 580 42568 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13887:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/52, A

3、dhesives, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue u

4、nder the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct a

5、pplication. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed

6、; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 30, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicat

7、es when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN13887 August2003 ICS25.220.20;83.180 Englishversion StructuralAdhesivesGuidelinesforsurfacepreparationof metalsandplasticspriortoadhesivebonding Adhsifsstr

8、ucturauxGuidepourlaprparationdes surfacesdesmtauxetdesplastiquesavantlecollagepar adhsif StrukturklebstoffeLeitlinienfrdie OberflchenvorbehandlungvonMetallenundKunststoffen vordemKleben ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon10July2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationsw

9、hichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(Engli

10、sh,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hu

11、ngary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinan

12、yformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN13887:2003EEN13887:2003(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 6 2 Normativereferences 6 3 Termsanddefinitions. .6 4 Safetyandenvironmentlegislation .7 5 Initialpreparativetechniques .7 5.1 General7 5.2 Handling8 5.3 C

13、leaning8 5.4 Storing.8 6 Surfacemodification .8 6.1 Physical:Mechanical(scarification) 8 6.2 Physical:Nonmechanical 9 6.3 Chemical .10 6.4 Combinedprocedures. 14 7 Preparativeprocedures .15 7.1 General15 7.2 Metals15 7.3 Plastics27 8 Evaluationofdurability .29 Bibliography 30EN13887:2003(E) 3 Forewo

14、rd Thisdocument(EN13887:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC193,“Adhesives“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyAENOR. This.EuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyFebruary2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshall

15、bewithdrawnatthelatest byFebruary2004. ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionandtheEuropean FreeTradeAssociation,andsupportsessentialrequirementsofEUDirective(s). AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countries

16、areboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN13887:2003(E) 4 Introduction Historically,surfacepreparation

17、hasrequiredtheuseofsolventsandreactivechemicals.However,itshouldbe notedthattheuseofsuchmaterialsisnowgenerallydeprecatedandindividualidentifiedsubstancesarebecoming progressivelybannedthroughouttheEU.Forthesereasons,traditionalproceduresusing,forexample,chromic acidarewithoneexceptionnotprovidedint

18、hisstandard.Inaddition,suchchlorinatedsolvents,asmaybe allowedbytheMontrealProtocolandNationallaws,shouldonlybeusedinenclosedsystems.Evenso,theuseof thesesolventsisnotgenerallysupportedbythisstandard.SeealsoEURegulation(EC)No2037/20001. Inordertoachievetheoptimumenvironmentaldurabilityfromabondedjoi

19、nt,thetraditionalpreparativeapproach usually,thoughnotnecessarily,consistsofthreesequentialsteps: theremovalofcontaminants; physicallyinducedmodificationofthesurface; chemicaltreatment. However,legislativepressureisdrivingdevelopmentandwiththattheintroductionofnewmethods.Intheselatter,the morehazard

20、ousoxidativetreatments,andtheirassociateddisposalproblems,areavoided.Thecorresponding introductionoflessaggressiveoxidisingtechniques,ortheuseofcouplingagents,oftenallowstheseparatestepsof theforegoingsequencetobeadvantageouslycombined.Thesenewprocessesarelargelyproprietaryand,where used,thecoupling

21、agentstendtobebaseduponsilanechemistry.However,whatevertheprocess,itisimportant torealisethatwhiletheeffectivenessofthenewtechniques(presentedhere)iswellestablished,generalutility cannotbeassumed.Consequently,itisnecessarytodemonstratethatanymethodselectedisappropriateforthe intendedpurposeandthatth

22、eoptimalconditionsfortheproductionprocessitselfhavebeencorrectlyestablished. Somematerialswillbondfarbetterthanothersandsomewillnotbondatallwithoutspecialtreatment.The suitabilityofasurfaceforbondingdependsuponthedegreeofsurfacepreparation,thejointsdesign,itsfunction (joining,sealing,etc.)andtheenvi

23、ronmentinwhichithastoperform. Priortobonding,somedegreeofsurfacepreparationisrequiredformostadhesivesbutnotall.Materialsurfaces thatareparticularlypronetoweakorloosesurfacelayers,stresscrackingorsolventattackusuallyrequirespecial treatment. Followingappropriatepreparation,mostengineeringmetals,orthe

24、iralloys,canbebondedsatisfactorily.However, theoptimisationofthedurabilityofametalbasedjointusuallyrequirestheintroductionofprogressivelymorecomplex andspecifictreatments. Themajorityofboththermosetandthermoplasticsmaterialscanbepreparedbycommonlyapplicabletechniques. Wereitnotforcontaminationandres

25、idualmouldreleaseagents,thethermosetplastics(e.g.polyepoxyand polyestercomposites)wouldbondwellwithoutanypreparationatall.Bycontrast,mostthermoplasticsrequire carefulpreparationbecauseoftheirlowsurfaceenergy.However,whilethetechniquesrequiredaregenerally applicabletherewilloftenbedifferencesinthepro

26、cessdetail. Somepaintsespeciallythecataphoretic,waterbasedprimersusedbythevehicleindustries,canprovidean excellentsurfaceforbonding.Nevertheless,acheckofthestabilityoftheinterfacebelowthepaintis recommended.Sometimesthesurfaceofthepaint,eveniffresh,canrequiretreatmentinordertoraiseitsfree energyandt

27、husfacilitatewetting. Certainadhesivespossesstheabilitytodissolvelightoilsandsomepolymericmaterials.Consequently,forjointsthat arenot“safetycritical“somesurfacesdonotrequireanypreparationatallpriortobonding. Thevariousmethodsprovidedforcleaningandmodifyingsurfacesaredrawnfromcurrentanddevelopingprac

28、tice. Thetechniquesdescribedcanbeusedinavarietyofcombinationstocreatethebasisofapractical,preparative processthatwillprovideenhancedenvironmentaldurability.EN13887:2003(E) 5 Thisstandarddoesnotprovideameansofidentifyingthemostappropriatemethodofpreparation.Thiscanonly bedetermined,inparticularinstan

29、ces,withregardtothemanufacturingprocessandtheeventualuseofthe bondeditems.However,inanyevent,themethodused,shouldbebothcompatiblewithevolvingNational legislationandECregulationsandrepresenttheleasthazardousmeansofachievingtheperformancerequired. Avarietyofprocessoptionsaredescribedforcommonlyencount

30、eredmetalsandplasticsinclause7.EN13887:2003(E) 6 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiestheusualproceduresforthepreparationofcomponentsurfacespriortobonding foreitherlaboratoryevaluationortheprocessofconstruction. ThisEuropeanStandardisapplicabletometalandplasticsurfacesthatarecommonlyencountered. Thes

31、ecomprisethefollowingmetalandplasticfamiliesthelatterincludingfilledversionsandsuitablepaints: METALS:aluminium,chromium,copper,magnesium,nickel,steel(mild),steel(stainless),tin,titanium,zinc. PAINTS:cataphoretic,polyalkyd,polyester,polyepoxide,polyurethane. PLASTICS: thermoplastic:Acrylonitrile/but

32、adiene/styreneplastic(ABSplastic),Polyacetalplastic,Polyacrylicplastic,Polyamide plastic(PAplastic),Poly(butyleneterephthalate)(PBT),Polycarbonateplastic(PCplastic),Polyesterplastic, Polyetheretherketone(PEEK),Polyethersulfone(PES),Polyethyleneplastic(PEplastic),Polyimide,Poly(methyl methacrylate)pl

33、astic(PMMAplastic),Poly(phenyleneoxide)(PPO),Polypropyleneplastic,Polystyreneplastic(PS plastic),Polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE),Poly(vinylchloride)plastic(PVCplastic). thermoset:Allylphthalateplastic,Aminoplastic,Celluloseesters ,Epoxyplastic,Polyesterplastic,Phenolicplastic, Polyurethane(PUR). 2 Nor

34、mativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEur

35、opean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). EN923:1998, AdhesivesTermsanddefinitions . EN22435, AerospaceSeriesStructuraladhesivesTestmethodsPart5:Ageingtests ENISO472:2001, PlasticsVocabular

36、y(ISO472:1999). 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thetermsanddefinitionsgiveninEN923:1998andinEN ISO472:2001andthefollowingapply. 3.1 plastic(includingpaint) Materialwhichcontainsasanessentialingredientahighpolymerandwhichatsomestageinitsprocessinginto finishedproductscanbes

37、hapedbyflow. NOTE1 Elastomericmaterials,whichalsoareshapedbyflow,arenotconsideredasplastics. NOTE2 Insomecountries,particularlyintheUnitedKingdom,itisapermittedoptiontousetheterm“plastics“asthe singularformaswellasthepluralform. NOTE3 AdaptedfromENISO472EN13887:2003(E) 7 4 Safetyandenvironmentlegisl

38、ation Theusersofthisstandardshallbefamiliarwithnormallaboratorypracticeandtheprinciplesofgoodindustrial hygiene. Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallsafetyproblems,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibility oftheusertoestablishsafetyandhealthpracticesandtoensurecompliancewithanyEuropeanandna

39、tional regulatoryconditions. Someofthemethodsgivenbelowemploydangeroustechniques,materialsandproprietarychemicals.Itis essentialthereforethatthesuppliersinstructionsarefollowed,healthandsafetydatastudiedandappropriate safetyproceduresestablished. Concentratedacids,alkalisandoxidisingagentsarehighlyc

40、orrosivechemicals.Splashescancausesevere damagetobothskinandeyesandwilldamagenormalclothing.Protectiveclothing(e.g.overalls,glovesand gogglesorvisors)shallalwaysbewornwhenusingthesechemicals. Similarly,appropriateprecautionsshallbetakenwhenusingsolvents.Ataminimum,eyeprotectionandgloves(or appropria

41、tebarriercream)shallbeworn.Donotallowanycleaningmaterialstocontacttheskin.Abusecanleadto dermatitis. AttentionisdrawntotheidentificationofsolventsinaccordancewithEUDirective89/655/EEC2. Whereverpossibleusepropan2olasasolvent,preferablyinaclosedsystem.Otherwise,ifthereisnopractical alternative,aketon

42、ecanbeusedthoughitshallbeemployedinaclosedsystem.Takecare!Allsolvent associated,handlingprocessesshalltakeintoaccounttheflammabilityofalcoholsandketonesparticularly ketonesandthefactthatallsuchmaterialsarenarcoticinconcentration.Ensurethatappropriateprecautionsare takentoeliminateallsourcesofsolvent

43、vapourandignitionparticularlyelectrostaticsparkingandtoprevent operatorsfrombeingexposedtosolventvapourduringanypartoftheworkcycle. WasteandspentmaterialsshallbedisposedofinaccordancewithEUandnationallegislativerequirements throughtheservicesofanauthoriseddisposalorganisationwhoseadviceshallalwaysbesought. WARNING Whenmakingupsolutions,neverpourwaterintoacid.Alwaysaddacidinaslowsteady streamtoastirredsolution.Anexothermicreactioncanheattheresultingmixture.Ifthisoccurs,personal contaminationhazardswillbeintensified.Takegreatcare. 5 Initialpreparativetechniques 5.1General Whensafety