DIN EN ISO 18081-2016 Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission testing (AT) - Leak detection by means of acoustic emission (ISO 18081 2016) German version EN ISO 18081 2016《无损试验.pdf

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1、November 2016 English price group 17No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).ICS 19.100!%z$“2588701www.din.deDIN

2、 EN ISO 18081Nondestructive testing Acoustic emission testing (AT) Leak detection by means of acoustic emission (ISO 18081:2016);English version EN ISO 18081:2016,English translation of DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11Zerstrungsfreie Prfung Schallemissionsprfung Dichtheitsprfung mittels Schallemission (ISO

3、18081:2016);Englische Fassung EN ISO 18081:2016,Englische bersetzung von DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11Essais non destructifs Contrle par mission acoustique Dtection de fuites par mission acoustique (ISO 18081:2016);Version anglaise EN ISO 18081:2016,Traduction anglaise de DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11www.beut

4、h.deDocument comprises 35 pagesDTranslation by DIN-Sprachendienst.In case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.11.16 DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11 2 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This document (EN ISO 18081:2016) has been prepared by Technica

5、l Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” (Secretariat: AFNOR, France) in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing”. The responsible German body involved in its preparation was DIN-Normenausschuss Materialprfung (DIN Standards Committee Materials Testing ), W

6、orking Committee NA 062-08-23 AA Ultraschallprfung. The DIN Standards corresponding to the International Standards referred to in this document are as follows: ISO 9712 DIN EN ISO 9712 ISO/IEC 17025 DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025 In addition to the legal units of measurement, this standard also uses the unit

7、“centistokes”. It should, however, be noted that the Gesetz ber Einheiten im Messwesen (German Law on units in metrology) prohibits the use of this unit for official and commercial purposes in Germany. The indication of this unit solely serves to facilitate the communication with those countries whe

8、re this unit is used (import-export business). Conversion: 1 cSt = 1 mm2/s = 106m2/s National Annex NA (informative) Bibliography DIN EN ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnel DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and cal

9、ibration laboratories EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 18081 June 2016 ICS 19.100 English Version Non-destructive testing - Acoustic emission testing (AT) - Leak detection by means of acoustic emission(ISO 18081:2016) Essais non destructifs - Contrle par mission acoustique -

10、Dtection de fuites par mission acoustique (ISO 18081:2016) Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Schallemissionsprfung - Dichtheitsprfung mittels Schallemission(ISO 18081:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 April 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations w

11、hich stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This

12、European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN member

13、s are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal

14、, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form

15、and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 18081:2016 EEuropean foreword 41 Scope . 62 Normative references 63 Terms and definitions . 64 Personnel qualification . 75 Principle of acoustic emission method . 75.1 The AE phenomenon 75.2 Influence of different media a

16、nd different phases . 85.3 Influence of pressure differences 95.4 Influence of geometry of the leak path 95.5 Influence of wave propagation 96 Applications 107 Instrumentation . 107.1 General requirements 107.2 Sensors 107.2.1 Typical frequency ranges (band widths) . 107.2.2 Mounting method . 117.2.

17、3 Temperature range, wave guide 117.2.4 Intrinsic safety 117.2.5 Immersed sensors . 117.2.6 Integral electronics (amplifier, RMS converter, ASL converter, band pass) 117.3 Portable and non-portable AT instruments 117.4 Single and multichannel AT equipment . 117.4.1 Single-channel systems . 117.4.2 M

18、ulti-channel systems . 117.5 Measuring features (RMS, ASL vs. hit or continuous AE vs. burst AE) 127.6 Verification using artificial leak noise sources . 128 Test steps for leak detection 128.1 Sensor application 128.2 Measured features . 138.3 Background noise 138.3.1 Environmental noise . 138.3.2

19、Process noise 138.4 Data acquisition 139 Location procedures 149.1 General considerations . 149.2 Single sensor location based on AE wave attenuation. 149.3 Multi-sensor location based on t values (linear, planar) 149.3.1 Threshold level and peak level timing method. 149.3.2 Cross correlation method

20、 159.4 Wave type and wave mode based location 1610 Data presentation .1610.1 Numerical data presentation (level-meter) 1610.2 Parametric dependent function (e.g. pressure) .1610.3 Frequency spectrum . 17Contents PageDIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11 EN ISO 18081:2016 (E) 2Foreword 511.2 Leakage rate estimati

21、on . 1811.3 Demands on follow-up actions . 1812 Quality management documents .1812.1 Test procedure 1812.2 Test instruction 1813 Test documentation and reporting 1913.1 Test documentation . 1913.2 Test report 20Annex A (normative) Examples of leak detection 21Bibliography .33DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11

22、 EN ISO 18081:2016 (E)311 Data interpretation .1711.1 Leak validation . 1711.1.1 On-site (during test) and off-site (post analysis) 1711.1.2 Correlation with pressure . 1711.1.3 Rejection of false indications 17European foreword This document (EN ISO 18081:2016) has been prepared by Technical Commit

23、tee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive testing”. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, a

24、t the latest by December 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying

25、any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Rep

26、ublic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 18081:2016 has been a

27、pproved by CEN as EN ISO 18081:2016 without any modification. DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11 EN ISO 18081:2016 (E) 4 ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is

28、 normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part

29、 in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particula

30、r the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this d

31、ocument may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso

32、.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO

33、 principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationISO 18081 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 138, Non-destructive testing, in collaboration with ISO Technical Committee TC 135, No

34、n-destructive testing, Subcommittee SC 9, Acoustic emission testing, in accordance with the agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11 EN ISO 18081:2016 (E)5 1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the general principles required for leak

35、detection by acoustic emission testing (AT). It is addressed to the application of the methodology on structures and components, where a leak flow as a result of pressure differences appears and generates acoustic emission (AE).It describes phenomena of the AE generation and influence of the nature

36、of fluids, shape of the gap, wave propagation and environment.The different application methods, instrumentation and presentation of AE results is discussed. Also included are guidelines for the preparation of application documents which describe specific requirements for the application of the AE m

37、ethod.Different application examples are given.Unless otherwise specified in the referencing documents, the minimum requirements of this International Standard are applicable.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indis

38、pensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnelISO/IEC 17025, General requir

39、ements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratoriesEN 1330-1, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 1: General termsEN 1330-2, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 2: Terms common to the non-destructive testing methodsEN 1330-9, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 9: Terms

40、used in acoustic emission testingEN 13477-1, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission Equipment characterisation Part 1: Equipment descriptionEN 13477-2, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission Equipment characterisation Part 2: Verification of operating characteristicsEN 13554, Non-destructive t

41、esting Acoustic emission testing General principlesEN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1330-1, EN 1330-2 and EN 1330-9 and the following apply.NOTE The definitions of leak, lea

42、kage rate, leak tight are those defined in EN 1330-8.DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11 EN ISO 18081:2016 (E) 6 4 Personnel qualificationIt is assumed that acoustic emission testing is performed by qualified and capable personnel. In order to prove this qualification, it is recommended to certify the personne

43、l in accordance with ISO 9712.5 Principle of acoustic emission method5.1 The AE phenomenonSee Figure 1.Key1 fluid2 AE sensorFigure 1 Schematic principle of acoustic emission and its detectionThe continuous acoustic emission in the case of a leak, in a frequency range, looks like an apparent increase

44、 in background noise, depending on pressure.DIN EN ISO 18081:2016-11 EN ISO 18081:2016 (E)7 Table 1 Influence of the different parameters on the AE activityParameter Higher activity Lower activity5.2Test mediagasliquidtwo phaseViscosity low highType of flow turbulent laminarFluid velocity high low5.

45、3 Pressure difference high low5.4Shape of leak crack like holeLength of leak path long shortSurface of leak path rough smooth5.2 Influence of different media and different phasesThe detectability of the leak depends on the fluid type and its physical properties. These will contribute to the dynamic

46、behaviour of the leak flow (laminar, turbulent) (see Table 1).In contrast to turbulent flow, the laminar flow does not in general, produce detectable acoustic emission signals.Acoustic signals in conjunction with a leakage are generated by the following: turbulent flow of the escaping gas or liquid;

47、 fluid friction in the leak path; cavitations, during two-phase flow (gas coming out of solution) through a leaking orifice; the pressure surge generated when a leakage flow starts or stops; backwash of particles against the surface of equipment being monitored; gaseous or liquid jet (verification s

48、ource); pulsating bubbles; explosion of bubbles; shock-bubbles on the walls; vaporization of the liquid (flashing).The frequency content of cavitation may comprise from several kHz to several MHz.Cavitation results in a burst emission whose energy is at least one order of magnitude higher than that caused by turbulence.The relative content in gas or air strongly influences the early stage of cavitation.The acous