DIN EN 15930-2010 Fibres - Elasticity of fibres - Test methods German version EN 15930 2010《纤维 纤维弹性 试验方法 德文版本EN 15930-2010》.pdf

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1、December 2010 Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.English price group 10No part of this translation may be reproduced without prior permission ofDIN Deutsches Institut fr Normung e. V., Berlin. Beuth Verlag GmbH, 10772 Berlin, Germany,has the exclusive right of sale for German Standards (DIN-Normen).I

2、CS 59.060.01!$lhg“1736968www.din.deDDIN EN 15930Fibres Elasticity of fibres Test methodsEnglish translation of DIN EN 15930:2010-12Fasern Elastizitt von Fasern PrfverfahrenEnglische bersetzung von DIN EN 15930:2010-12Fibres lasticit des fibres Mthodes dessaisTraduction anglaise de DIN EN 15930:2010-

3、12www.beuth.deDocument comprises pagesIn case of doubt, the German-language original shall be considered authoritative.1712.10 DIN EN 15930:2010-12 A comma is used as the decimal marker. National foreword This standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile product

4、s” (Secretariat: BSI, United Kingdom). The responsible German body involved in its preparation was the Normenausschuss Materialprfung (Materials Testing Standards Committee), Working Committee NA 062-05-21 AA Physikalisch-technologische Prfverfahren fr Textilien. 2 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE

5、EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15930 September 2010 ICS 59.060.01 English Version Fibres - Elasticity of fibres - Test methods Fibres - Elasticit des fibres - Mthodes dessais Fasern - Elastizitt von Fasern - Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 August 2010. CEN members are bound to compl

6、y with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Manageme

7、nt Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the

8、official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,

9、 Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worl

10、dwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15930:2010: EEN 15930:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definitions .44 Principle 55 Apparatus .56 Atmosphere of conditioning and testing 67 Sampling .68 Preparation of the test specimens .69 Procedure .710 Cal

11、culation and expression of the results . 1111 Test report . 12Annex A (normative) “Elastic“ qualification of fibres . 14Bibliography . 15DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15930:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products”

12、, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2011. Attention

13、is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the f

14、ollowing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, S

15、lovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This test method covers the determination of the elasticity of fibres and may lead to classification of the fibre as elastic fibre (see Annex A). It is applicable to single man-made

16、 crimped and uncrimped fibres. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) appl

17、ies. EN 12751, Textiles Sampling of fibres, yarns and fabrics for testing EN ISO 139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 139:2005) EN ISO 1973, Textile fibres Determination of linear density Gravimetric method and vibroscope method (ISO 1973:1995) EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic

18、 materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 elasticity p

19、roperty of a fibre by virtue of which it tends to recover its original size and shape immediately after the removal of the force causing deformation 3.2 linear density mass per unit length of an essentially linear structure 3.3 constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) testing machine tensile testing machine

20、 provided with one clamp, which is virtually stationary, and another clamp, which moves with a constant speed throughout the test, the entire testing system being virtually free from deflection 3.4 gauge length distance between the two effective clamping or holding points of a testing device 3.5 ini

21、tial length length of the test specimen between the two effective clamping or holding points at the required pretension, before testing DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 5 3.6 extension increase in length of a test specimen expressed in units of length e.g. millimetres 3.7 elongation ratio of t

22、he extension of the test specimen to its initial length, expressed as a percentage 3.8 maximum force force recorded in Newton at the position when a test specimen is taken to a fixed extension 3.9 cycle process whereby a fibre is taken from the gauge length to fixed extension or elongation and retur

23、ned to gauge length 3.10 elastic recovery recovered elongation expressed as a percentage of the specified elongation 3.11 permanent deformation ratio of un-recovered extension of the test specimen after cycling to its initial length, expressed as a percentage 3.12 force decay loss of force measured

24、over time when a test specimen is stretched to a specified elongation or extension and held at this position for a given time period 4 Principle The measurements are performed on an individual fibre. A fibre is cycled between the gauge length and a specified elongation at a constant rate for an agre

25、ed number of cycles. The fibre can be maintained at the specified elongation or at the gauge length for a specific period of time. Its elasticity is determined by measuring certain physical characteristics. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Pretension device Pretension device able to apply (0,010 0,005) cN/tex on the

26、 individual test specimen. NOTE Pretension may be applied using masses with discontinuous values (e.g. adhesive paper or clips) or using a high-resolution load cells. 5.2 Tensile testing machine The constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) testing machine shall conform to the following. a) The tensile testi

27、ng machine shall be provided with the means for indicating or recording the force and elongation values when cycling between gauge length and either a fixed load or fixed extension. Under conditions of use, the accuracy of the apparatus shall be at least class 1 of EN ISO 7500-1. The error of DIN EN

28、 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 6 the indicated or recorded maximum force at any point in the range in which the machine is used shall not exceed 1 %, and the error of the indicated or recorded jaw separation shall not exceed 1 mm. b) If recording of force or elongation is obtained by means of data

29、 acquisition boards and software, the frequency of data collection shall be at least eight per second. c) The machine shall be capable of constant rates of extension from (20,0 0,5) mm/min to (50,0 0,5) mm/min. d) The machine shall be capable of variable gauge length settings from (20,0 0,5) mm to (

30、50,0 0,5) mm. e) The clamping or holding devices shall be positioned with the centre in line with the applied force. The jaws shall be capable of holding the test specimen without allowing it to slip and designed so that they do not cut or otherwise weaken the test specimen. 6 Atmosphere of conditio

31、ning and testing Samples shall be conditioned in a tension free state for at least 16 h in the standard atmosphere according to EN ISO 139. Testing shall be performed in this standard atmosphere. 7 Sampling The sampling of the fibres to be tested from staple fibres, from yarns or from fabrics shall

32、be according to EN 12751. 8 Preparation of the test specimens 8.1 Preparation from staples In order to isolate one fibre first open very carefully the sample in a direction perpendicular to the local fibre orientation, taking care to apply the force at two points sufficiently distant to allow free f

33、ibre movements necessary to disentangle the fibre mass. In the middle of the small web thus created extract one fibre by using tweezers. There shall be no resistance. If there is any entanglement, first open this entanglement by pulling the fibres sideways before extracting. Avoid stretching a fibre

34、, even lightly, by drawing it by one of its ends. Once separated, the fibre can be pinched at one of its ends for handling. 8.2 Preparation from yarns For all types of yarns (e.g. monofilament or fused multifilament alone, fused multifilament in core spun e.g. elastane -, multifilament, etc.), take

35、randomly at least five lengths (approx. 20 cm) from the yarn package. DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 7 8.3 Preparation from fabrics For all types of fabric, remove at least five threads (approx. 20 cm) in the production direction (i.e. warp direction for woven fabric, wales direction for kni

36、tted fabric) and/or in the perpendicular production direction (i.e. weft direction for woven fabric and courses direction for knitted fabric). 9 Procedure 9.1 Determination of the linear density Determine the linear density testing according to EN ISO 1973 using only the gravimetric method. NOTE In

37、the case of crimped fibres, the crimp should be removed in order to determine the length. 9.2 Number of results for determination of the elasticity properties Determine at least five results. 9.3 Determination of the pretension Based on the determination of the linear density, calculate the pretensi

38、on force to be applied using a pretension of 0,01 cN/tex. When applicable (in the case of the use of discontinuous values of pretension masses), choose the nearest pretension mass to fix onto the fibre in vertical position. 9.4 Determination of the elasticity 9.4.1 General Set the gauge length to 50

39、 mm. If it cannot be achieved, then set to 20 mm. Set the testing speed at 100 % of the gauge length/minute (i.e. 50 mm/min for gauge length 50 mm). Zero the load cell with the grips in position and the jaw faces closed, prior to testing. NOTE See Figure 1 for illustration of the elongation-force cu

40、rve and the position of the pretension point. DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 8 Key 1 extension (mm) axis 2 force (cN) axis 3 pretension (cN) 4 EspecFigure 1 Example of force/elongation curve 9.4.2 Determination of the elasticity with exercising 9.4.2.1 Description of the cycles The fibre is

41、extended at a constant rate to a specified elongation and is maintained for a specified time, then the fibre is relaxed to the initial length and maintained for the same specified time. This cycle is applied again 2 times (Figure 2 illustrates the cycles by the curve extension in function of time).

42、A 4thload cycle is applied past the specified pretension in order to determine the recovery extension Erec(Figure 3 illustrates this point). If the force decay is required, the 3rdcycle is taken into account for the calculation (Figure 4 illustrates this determination). DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930

43、:2010 (E) 9 Key 1 time (s) axis 2 extension (mm) axis 3 F14 F25 point “P“ Figure 2 Curve extension in function of the time DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 10 Key 1 extension (mm) axis 2 force (cN) axis 3 1stcycle (beginning) 4 4thcycle (beginning) 5 pretension 6 point “P“ 7 initial length 8 E

44、recFigure 3 Determination of the extension (regarding Point “P“ at the pretension force) on the 4thcycle DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 11 Key 1 time (s) axis 2 force (cN) axis 3 F14 F25 specified times (s) 6 force decay Figure 4 Determination of the force decay at the 3rdcycle 9.4.2.2 Setti

45、ng of the testing parameters Set the following testing parameters: specified elongation at 50 % (i.e. for a gauge length of 50 mm, specified elongation of 50 % represents 25 mm); specified time at 60 s; specified pretension at 0,01 cN/tex. 10 Calculation and expression of the results 10.1 Calculatio

46、n of the elastic recovery Elastic recovery is calculated according to the following formula: DIN EN 15930:2010-12 EN 15930:2010 (E) 12 100EEERecovery Elasticspecrecspec= , expressed in percentage, where Especis the specified extension of the fibre, expressed in mm, Erecis the extension determined at

47、 the specified pretension on the 4thcycle (recovery extension), expressed in mm. Based on the individual values, calculate the arithmetic mean value and the standard deviation. 10.2 Calculation of the permanent deformation Permanent deformation is calculated according to the following formula: 100LE

48、n DeformatioPermanent initrec= , expressed in percentage, where, Erecis the extension determined at the specified pretension on the 4thcycle (recovery extension), expressed in mm, Linitis the initial length at the specified pretension on the 1stcycle, expressed in mm. Based on the individual values,

49、 calculate the arithmetic mean value and the standard deviation. 10.3 Calculation of the force decay (optional) Force decay is calculated according to the following formula: 100FFFDecay Force121= , expressed in percentage, where, F1is the first force at the maximum extension on the 3rdcycle (measured at 1 s after the beginning of the 3rdcycle), expressed in cN, F2is the last force at the maximum extension on the 3rdcycle (measured at 1s before the end of the spec