BS ISO 19372-2015 Microturbines applications Safety《微型燃气轮机应用 安全》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 19372:2015Microturbines applications SafetyBS ISO 19372:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 19372:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/16, Gas turbines.A list of or

2、ganizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 201

3、5ISBN 978 0 580 82186 8ICS 27.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2015.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 19372

4、:2015 ISO 2015Microturbines applications SafetyMicroturbines ScuritINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19372First edition2015-02-15Reference numberISO 19372:2015(E)BS ISO 19372:2015ISO 19372:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specifi

5、ed, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs

6、 member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 19372:2015ISO 19372:2015(E)Contents PageForeword viiiIntroduction ix1 Scope . 12 Normative

7、 references 13 Terms and definitions . 44 List of significant hazards . 65 Safety requirements . 65.1 General . 65.2 Risk assessment . 65.3 Modifications and replacement parts . 75.4 Foreseeable misuse . 75.5 Lifetime 85.6 Hazard combinations 85.7 Noise 85.8 Mechanical 85.8.1 Guarding 85.8.2 Accessi

8、bility for maintenance . 95.8.3 Casing design 95.8.4 Microturbine compressor surge . 95.8.5 Stability and handling 95.8.6 Overload of rotating shafts due to torque .105.8.7 Vibration 105.8.8 Mechanical failure caused by corrosion .105.8.9 Design methods and materials . 105.8.10 Microturbine temperat

9、ures . 115.8.11 Environmental loads .115.8.12 Assembly features 115.8.13 Couplings . 115.8.14 Rotor bearings 115.8.15 Rotating part failure .125.8.16 Foreign object damage (FOD) screen 125.8.17 Gearbox . 125.8.18 Starting systems 135.8.19 Storage and operating ambient temperature conditions.145.9 Mi

10、croturbine air inlet system 145.9.1 General. 145.9.2 Inlet air contamination 145.9.3 Icing monitoring and prevention 145.9.4 Implosion protection .155.9.5 Inlet explosion protection . 155.9.6 Waste disposal through combustion .155.9.7 Recirculation 165.9.8 Microturbine compressor air inlet ducting16

11、 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiBS ISO 19372:2015ISO 19372:2015(E)5.10 Fuel systems .165.10.1 General.165.10.2 Fuel supply quality and supply conditions .175.10.3 Pressure testing .175.10.4 Fuel supply heating .185.10.5 Gas fuel systems 185.10.6 Liquid fuel systems .235.10.7 Multi-fuel systems .265

12、.10.8 Fuel purging 265.10.9 Fuel drainage 275.11 Combustion supervision 275.11.1 General. 275.11.2 Requirements for ignition . 275.11.3 Extinction safety time .285.11.4 System status indication 285.12 Exhaust system 285.12.1 Damper controls285.12.2 Flexible joint location .285.12.3 Exhaust stack .28

13、5.12.4 Explosion protection .295.13 Enclosures 295.13.1 General. 295.13.2 Enclosure structure 305.13.3 Enclosure fire precautions . 305.13.4 Explosion prevention and protection Area classification Ventilation 315.13.5 Gas detection 315.13.6 Enclosure purging 315.13.7 Mist detection 325.13.8 Access a

14、nd doors 325.13.9 Entrapment 335.14 Lighting . 335.15 Fire precautions 335.15.1 General. 335.15.2 Structural fire risk reduction . 335.15.3 Hydrocarbon fire risk reduction . 345.15.4 Fire protection 345.15.5 Fire detection . 345.15.6 Fire extinguishing systems . 355.15.7 Water mist extinguishant 365

15、.15.8 Extinguishing system controls 365.15.9 Escape 385.15.10 Uncontrolled release of media and loss of propellant pressure 385.15.11 Vessel thermal relief (burst disc) .385.15.12 Vessel and/or pipe failure . 385.15.13 Release of extinguishant into microturbine mechanical rooms, control rooms, etc.

16、.385.16 Hazardous area classification and explosion prevention and protection .395.16.1 General. 395.16.2 Area classification 395.16.3 Explosion prevention 395.16.4 Ignition source control 405.16.5 Reduction of explosion effects in an enclosed space .40iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 19372:201

17、5ISO 19372:2015(E)5.17 Ventilation 425.17.1 General. 425.17.2 Cooling . 425.17.3 Heating 435.17.4 Hazardous area control . 435.17.5 Hot surfaces.435.17.6 Ventilation inlet location 435.17.7 Ventilation inlet filtration 445.17.8 Ventilation inlet ducting . 445.17.9 Ventilation outlet location 445.17.

18、10 Flow monitoring Artificial ventilation 445.18 Fans 445.18.1 Fan guards and structural failure . 445.18.2 Air blast oil coolers .455.19 Flammable gas detection 455.19.1 General. 455.19.2 Type/selection principles . 455.19.3 Location principles .455.19.4 Settings 455.19.5 Enclosures containing hot

19、surfaces Screening tool .455.19.6 Maintenance and calibration 465.20 Control and automatic protection systems .465.20.1 General.465.20.2 Environmental suitability .465.20.3 Ergonomics 465.20.4 Failure 475.20.5 Calibration 475.20.6 Testing 475.20.7 Speed control .475.20.8 Microturbine emergency shut-

20、down system .485.20.9 Interlocks . 485.21 Electrical 485.21.1 Design/Installation .485.21.2 Isolation and stored energy . 495.21.3 Electrostatic energy and bonding 495.21.4 Water ingress .505.21.5 Lightning 505.21.6 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) 505.21.7 Battery installations .515.21.8 Electri

21、cal overload .515.21.9 Electrical power failure . 515.22 Drains, vents, and bleeds . 515.22.1 General. 515.22.2 Vents for flammable gases 525.22.3 Toxic and hazardous emissions 525.22.4 Microturbine compressor bleeds . 52 ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 19372:2015ISO 19372:2015(E)5.23 Pressure

22、equipment 525.23.1 General. 525.23.2 Design . 535.23.3 Hazards . 535.23.4 Misuse 535.23.5 Safe handling and operation . 535.23.6 Isolation, draining, and venting . 535.23.7 Fluid injection545.23.8 Assemblies .545.23.9 Safety accessories 565.23.10 Flexible piping (and metal hoses) 565.23.11 External

23、fire . 575.23.12 Material embrittlement and corrosion 575.23.13 Ultraviolet (UV) resistant pipework 575.24 Auxiliary systems . 575.24.1 Lubrication systems .575.24.2 Water systems .585.24.3 Hydraulic and pneumatic systems.585.24.4 Utility supplies 585.25 Installation in a hazardous area 585.26 Unenc

24、losed microturbines in a mechanical room .595.27 Decommissioning and disposal . 596 Compliance verification .606.1 Quality assurance.606.2 Verification of safety requirements 606.3 Certification markings .606.4 Electrical output ratings verification 606.4.1 Voltage and freqency .606.4.2 Harmonic Dis

25、tortion Requirements .606.5 Electrical ratings for microturbine system 606.6 Marking of microturbine system 617 Information for use .617.1 General 617.2 Language .627.3 Packaging 627.4 Commissioning 627.5 Operation 637.5.1 General.637.5.2 Safety instructions and emergency procedures 647.6 Enclosure

26、access .657.6.1 General.657.6.2 Risk assessment for accessing enclosures 657.6.3 Limitations under operational conditions 657.6.4 Limitations under non-operational conditions 667.6.5 Access during commissioning and re-commissioning .667.6.6 Installations in a hazardous area 667.7 Maintenance .667.7.

27、1 General.667.7.2 General maintenance hazards .677.7.3 Accessibility, isolation, and energy dissipation 677.7.4 Pressure equipment .677.7.5 Fire protection systems.687.7.6 Gas detectors 687.7.7 Control systems: maintenance, calibration, and testing .687.7.8 Hazardous materials 687.8 Warning signs an

28、d notices .697.9 Permit to work (PTW) .69vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 19372:2015ISO 19372:2015(E)7.10 Training 707.11 Decommissioning and disposal . 70Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards 71Annex B (normative) Verification of safety requirements and/or measures .82Annex C (info

29、rmative) Quantitative and qualitative risk assessments and determining SIL levels 87Bibliography .88 ISO 2015 All rights reserved viiBS ISO 19372:2015ISO 19372:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member b

30、odies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental a

31、nd non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are d

32、escribed in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is draw

33、n to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on t

34、he ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment

35、, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 192, Gas turbines.viii ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 19372:2015ISO 19372

36、:2015(E)IntroductionThis International Standard is a type C standard as stated in ISO 12100. A type C standard is “a standard dealing with the detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines”.The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations, an

37、d hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this International Standard.When provisions of this type C standard are different from those that are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards for ma

38、chines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.The extent of the applicability of the references can be limited by the context of the text within this International Standard. Where a dated standard is specified, this does not preclude the use of later ve

39、rsions provided that the requirements continue to meet the safety issues and identified hazards detailed in this International Standard. Where a reference is made to a specific clause in a standard, only the text of that clause and references therein apply. References within notes are provisions but

40、 not normative provisions of this International Standard and are listed in the bibliography.In addition to covering the relevant safety requirements, this International Standard has also been produced to assist designers, manufacturers, and others by providing methods of compliance with the relevant

41、, essential safety requirements of the following New Appoach European Directives for microturbine applications without prejudicing compliance with this International Standard outside the European Union: Machinery Directive (2006/42/EC); ATEX (Equipment) Directive (94/9/EC); Pressure Equipment Direct

42、ive (97/23/EC). Low Voltage Directive (2006/95/EC); Electromagnetic Compatibility Directives (2004/108/EC).Methods are also provided as far as practical and where relevant for compliance with the relevant, essential safety requirements of the following European Directives: Integrated Pollution Preve

43、ntion and Control Directive (96/61/EC); Environmental Noise Directive (2002/49/EC); Chemical Agents Directive (98/24/EC); Classification, Packaging, and Labelling of Dangerous Substances Directive (1999/45/EC); Exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (noise) (2003/10/EC).NOTE W

44、hen this International Standard was issued, the currently quoted European directives were in force but are subject to updates which may add additional essential safety requirements and users of this standard should check, where applicable, if a later version of a directive is in force or has been re

45、leased. A later released version of the directives can be used as an alternative before the listed directives are superseded. ISO 2015 All rights reserved ixBS ISO 19372:2015BS ISO 19372:2015Microturbines applications Safety1 ScopeThis International Standard covers the safety requirements for indust

46、rial, commercial, and residential automated stationary microturbine (micro gas turbine) engine generator assemblies with an individual system or subsystem output rating with nominal supply voltages not exceeding 1 000 V for alternating current (A.C.) and not exceeding 1 500 V for direct current (D.C

47、.), 500 kW per individual unit/subsystem or less that are intended for installation and use in ordinary and hazardous location using liquid or gaseous fuels and the safety related control and detection systems and essential auxiliaries for all types of open cycles, closed-cycle, and semi-closed (sim

48、ple, combined, regenerative, reheat, etc.) used in onshore and offshore applications including floating production platforms.This International Standard applies to driven machinery only where it is an integral part of the microturbine (e.g. a gearbox integral to the microturbine), or is located with

49、in the microturbine enclosure and forms part of the enclosure hazardous area classification (e.g. a generator within the microturbine enclosure), or where the driven machinery has a direct effect on the operational safety of the microturbine.This International Standard details the anticipated significant hazards associated with microturbines and specifies the appropriate preventative measures and processes for reduction or elimination of these hazards. This International Standard addresses the risks of injury or death to humans a