BS ISO 18400-100-2017 Soil quality Sampling Guidance on the selection of sampling standards《土壤质量 取样 取样标准选择指南》.pdf

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1、BS ISO 18400-100:2017Soil quality SamplingPart 100: Guidance on the selection ofsampling standardsBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 18400-100:2017 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18400-100:20

2、17.BS ISO 18400-100 describes the tiered approach adopted for the ISO 18400 series of standards and lists the various standards published to date.Not all members of the series will be adopted as British Standards. This National Foreword to BS ISO 18400-100:2017 lists the members of the ISO 18400-ser

3、ies adopted to date as British Standards. These are to be used in the UK in conjunction with BS 10175:2011+A1:2013, Investigation of potentially contaminated sites Code of Practice, as explained in the UK forewords to each of the standards. The UK Committee notes that BS ISO 18400 standards cover a

4、wide variety of situations in which investigations including sampling to determine soil quality might be carried out rather than being focused on potentially contaminated sites as is the case for BS 10175:2011+A1:2013. The British Standards published to date are: BS ISO 18400-100:2017, Soil quality

5、Sampling Guidance on the selection of sampling standards BS ISO 18400-101:2017, Soil quality Sampling Framework for the preparation and application of a sampling plan BS ISO 18400-102:2017, Soil quality Sampling Selection and application of sampling techniques BS ISO 18400-103:2017, Soil quality Sam

6、pling Safety BS ISO 18400-105:2017, Soil quality Sampling Packing, transport, storage and preservation of samples BS ISO 18400-106:2017, Soil quality Sampling Quality control and quality assurance BS ISO 18400-107:2017, Soil quality Sampling Recording and reporting BS ISO 18400-201:2017, Soil qualit

7、y Sampling Physical pretreatment in the field.ISO 18400-204:2017 has not been adopted as a British Standard because it overlaps BS 8576:2013.The following parts of the ISO 18400 series are under preparation by ISO: Part 104: Strategies Part 202: Preliminary investigations; Part 203: Investigation of

8、 potentially contaminated sites; Part 205: Guidance on investigation of natural, near-natural and cultivated sites; Part 206: Guidance on the collection, handling and storage of soil for assessment of biological functional and structural endpoints in the laboratory.No decisions have yet been made as

9、 to which, if any, of these parts will be adopted as British Standards.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/4, Soil quality.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.BS ISO 18400-100:2017BRITISH STANDA

10、RDThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 89805 1ICS 13.080.05Compliance with a British Standard cannot co

11、nfer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 18400-100:2017 ISO 2017Soil quality Sampling Part 100: Guidance on the s

12、election of sampling standardsQualit du sol chantillonnage Partie 100: Lignes directrices sur la slection des normes dchantillonnageINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18400-100First edition2017-01Reference numberISO 18400-100:2017(E)BS ISO 18400-100:2017ISO 18400-100:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPY

13、RIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, wi

14、thout prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgB

15、S ISO 18400-100:2017 ISO 2017Soil quality Sampling Part 100: Guidance on the selection of sampling standardsQualit du sol chantillonnage Partie 100: Lignes directrices sur la slection des normes dchantillonnageINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO18400-100First edition2017-01Reference numberISO 18400-100:2017(E

16、)BS ISO 18400-100:2017ISO 18400-100:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mec

17、hanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Sw

18、itzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 18400-100:2017ISO 18400-100:2017(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 General 15 Structure of sampling standards . 16 Aspects of level 1 standards 27 Aspects of level 2 standar

19、ds 28 Aspects of level 3 standards 2Annex A (informative) Existing International Standards and other standards under the umbrella (ISO 18400-100) . 4 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 18400-100:2017ISO 18400-100:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization

20、) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repr

21、esented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to deve

22、lop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO

23、/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified durin

24、g the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the me

25、aning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.The document was prepared by T

26、echnical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, subcommittee SC 2, Sampling.A list of all parts in the ISO 18400 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 18400-100:2017ISO 18400-100:2017(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Gen

27、eral 15 Structure of sampling standards . 16 Aspects of level 1 standards 27 Aspects of level 2 standards 28 Aspects of level 3 standards 2Annex A (informative) Existing International Standards and other standards under the umbrella (ISO 18400-100) . 4 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS

28、 ISO 18400-100:2017ISO 18400-100:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member bod

29、y interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrote

30、chnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO

31、 documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held r

32、esponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information

33、 given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers

34、to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.The document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, subcommittee SC 2, Sampling.A list of all parts in the ISO 18400 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 18400-100:

35、2017INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18400-100:2017(E)Soil quality Sampling Part 100: Guidance on the selection of sampling standards1 ScopeThis document describes the structure of sampling standards for any kind of soil investigation. It also describes the coherence of the different parts in the ISO 1840

36、0 series. It provides guidance on the selection of sampling standards appropriate for the objectives of users.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, onl

37、y the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 11074, Soil quality Vocabulary3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 11074 apply.ISO and IEC maintain te

38、rminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp4 GeneralWhenever soil is to be characterized, it is not possible nor convenient to

39、examine the whole and it is therefore necessary to take samples. It is essential that clear sampling objectives are set to ensure that suitable results are obtained for the intended purposes, e.g. determination of the nutrient status of soil or assessment of (potential) risks to human health.Given t

40、he wide variety of potential objectives for soil sampling such as characterization of soils (and other soil materials) that are composed of a mixture of mineral particles, organic matter, water, air (soil gas) and soil organisms belonging naturally or not to soil, there is a need for a range of comp

41、lementary standards as described in this document.5 Structure of sampling standardsThree levels of sampling standards are recognized in the ISO 18400 series (see Figure 1).This document is the umbrella standard which describes all sampling standards within the scope of the three levels-approach and

42、their interrelationships. It will be updated when new documents are introduced on the levels 1, 2 or 3. See also Annex A.a) Level 1 includes a limited number of general standards dealing with general concepts within the scope of (environmental) sampling, e.g. statistics, sampling techniques, termino

43、logy and safety issues. ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18400-100:2017ISO 18400-100:2017(E)b) Level 2 includes a larger number of different sampling standards on subjects for which general guidance can be provided e.g. natural and cultivated soils, contaminated soils, sampling to determine biol

44、ogical parameters, for nutrient characterization, for sampling of soil gas.c) Level 3 includes sampling procedures, providing detailed instructions for specifically defined circumstances and objectives (within this level 3 several parallel sampling procedures may be standardized as long as their fie

45、ld of application can be identified as sufficiently different).Level 3 gives an opportunity to consider a solution to differences in approaches between different countries and/or key players. This includes acceptance of parallel sampling procedures for various conditions and objectives, allows diffe

46、rent views to exist next to each other, and enables the user to select standard(s) appropriate for their specific objective(s). National standards can be standards on level 3, wherein comparable standards from different countries can be introduced based on a difference in their objectives. Obviously

47、, the standards on level 3 should seamlessly fit to the standards on level 2.EXAMPLE This example clarifies the concept:Identify need for investigation of potentially contaminated site: consult ISO 18400-2031); carry out preliminary investigation according to ISO 18400-2021); prepare sampling strate

48、gy according to ISO 18400-1041); prepare sampling plan according to ISO 18400-101; carry out sampling according to ISO 18400-102, ISO 18400-103, ISO 18400-105, ISO 18400-106, ISO 18400-201, ISO 18400-2031)and ISO 18400-204; sample soil for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOC) according

49、to level 3 method (30X); prepare sampling report according to ISO 18400-107; prepare investigation and assessment report(s) according to ISO 18400-2031).6 Aspects of level 1 standardsAspects of general importance for several sampling scenarios are dealt with on level 1.EXAMPLE Sampling plan, sampling techniques and their application, strategies, safety, transport and storage, quality assurance.7 Aspects of level 2 standardsLevel 2 is open to all different applica