BS ISO 15654-2015 Fatigue test method for transmission precision roller chains and leaf chains《传动精密滚子链条和板式链的疲劳试验方法》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 15654:2015Fatigue test method fortransmission precision rollerchains and leaf chainsBS ISO 15654:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 15654:2015. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalC

2、ommittee MCE/1, Chains and chain sprockets for power transmission and conveyors.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its cor

3、rect application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 80797 8 ICS 21.220.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and St

4、rategy Committee on 30 September 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 15654:2015 ISO 2015Fatigue test method for transmission precision roller chains and leaf chainsMthode dessai de fatigue pour chanes de transmission de prcision rouleaux et chanes de

5、 levage mailles jointivesINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO15654Second edition2015-09-15Reference numberISO 15654:2015(E)BS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of

6、this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in

7、 the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)Foreword v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Symbols 14 Principle 35 Apparatus . 45.

8、1 Testing machine . 45.2 Test fixtures . 46 Test specimens 47 Test procedure 57.1 Test forces . 57.1.1 Minimum force 57.1.2 Maximum force 57.1.3 Test force. 57.1.4 Force application . 67.2 Conformity test . 67.2.1 Purpose 67.2.2 Endurance 67.2.3 Minimum test force 67.2.4 Maximum test force . 77.2.5

9、Number of tests . 77.2.6 Acceptance 77.3 Staircase test . 77.3.1 Purpose 77.3.2 Description 77.3.3 Endurance 77.3.4 Rules for conducting a staircase test 77.3.5 Determining step size 88 Staircase test data analysis 88.1 Data . 88.2 Plotting staircase data 88.3 Statistical calculations 98.3.1 Mean fa

10、tigue strength: 0,50 probability of survival 98.3.2 Standard deviations 98.3.3 Fatigue limit: 0,998 65 probability of survival . 99 Report of test results 99.1 Test chain information . 99.2 Test equipment and procedures . 109.2.1 Test equipment .109.2.2 Test procedures109.3 Test results for conformi

11、ty and staircase tests 10Annex A (informative) Survival test with abridged Probit analysis 11Annex B (informative) Combined test methods .15Annex C (informative) Justification for adding one step to fatigue limit in staircase analysis .21Annex D (informative) Adding an additional “phantom” point at

12、the end of staircase test .24Annex E (informative) Reporting fatigue test results 25Annex F (informative) Establishing chain application fatigue ratings .33Annex G (informative) Extrapolating fatigue strength from 3 106to 107cycles 39 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 15654:2015ISO

13、 15654:2015(E)Annex H (informative) Finite life testing and data analysis 43Bibliography .48iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). Th

14、e work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-gov

15、ernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described i

16、n the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the p

17、ossibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO lis

18、t of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well

19、as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword Supplementary information .The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 100, Chains and chain sprockets for power transmission and conveyors.This second editio

20、n cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15654:2004), which has been technically revised. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 15654:2015BS ISO 15654:2015Fatigue test method for transmission precision roller chains and leaf chains1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies an axial force fatig

21、ue test method for transmission roller chains and leaf chains. The tests being of the fluctuating tension type, carried out at room temperature in air, with the force applied along the longitudinal axis of the chain. It also specifies procedures for statistically analysing the test results and gives

22、 formats and elements for presenting the results of fatigue tests and analyses.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

23、references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 606, Short-pitch transmission precision roller and bush chains, attachments and associated chain sprocketsISO 4347:2015, Leaf chains, clevises and sheaves Dimensions, measuring forces, tensile strengths

24、and dynamic strengthsISO 10190, Motorcycle chains Characteristics and test methods3 SymbolsSymbol Description Unitd Step size the interval between adjacent force levels in a staircase test see Formula (5)NFmaxMaximum force maximum value of force in the cycle NFminMinimum force minimum value of force

25、 in the cycle NFmMean force half the sum of the maximum and minimum forces in the force cycle see Formula (1)NFaForce amplitude half the difference between the maximum force and minimum force see Formula (2)NFbMean Fatigue Strength the test force, corrected to zero minimum force, at which there is a

26、 50 % probability of failure at endurance see Formula (8)NFdxFatigue limit the test force, corrected to zero minimum force, at which there is a calculated 0,135 % probability of failure at 107force cycles. This approximates the force below which a chain can endure an infinite number of force cycles

27、see Formula (10)NFdTest force the maximum force, corrected to zero minimum force, at which a test was run see Formula (3)NFuMinimum UTS the minimum tensile strength of chain as specified in ISO 606, ISO 10190 or ISO 4347NN Cycles the number of cycles, at a given alternating force, applied to a speci

28、men chain at a particular time in the testINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15654:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)Symbol Description UnitNeEndurance the predetermined number of cycles at which a test will be discon-tinued without failure of the specimen chainn Number

29、 of test data points included in the analysis p Chain pitch mmS Standard deviation the standard deviation of the staircase test data see Formula (9)N2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)KeyF forcet timeaOne cycle.FFFm=+maxmin2(1)FFFa=maxmin2(2)Figure 1 Typical force cycle4

30、 PrincipleTests are made on transmission chains and leaf chains to determine fatigue properties of chain plates such as those shown on an FN diagram or to verify conformance to dynamic strength requirements in ISO 606, ISO 10190 and ISO 4347. ISO 2015 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:

31、2015(E)5 Apparatus5.1 Testing machineThe size of the testing machine shall be selected so that the maximum force on the test specimen is 10 % of the maximum capacity of the machine. Tests shall be conducted on a machine capable of applying a sinusoidal fluctuating force to the test specimen in axial

32、 tension.The test frequency shall be chosen so as not to induce a damaging temperature increase in the test specimen.The machine shall be calibrated periodically in order to maintain suitable accuracy and should be calibrated to within 2 % of its maximum capacity. A force-monitoring system could be

33、mounted in series with the test specimen to ensure that the force cycle is maintained throughout the test.The testing machine shall also havea) a counter to record the number of force cycles,b) a device to stop the machine when the chain fails, andc) a device to prevent the machine from restarting a

34、fter an emergency stop due to power failure, etc.5.2 Test fixturesThe test fixtures shall be capable of transmitting an axial force to the test piece without inducing a subsidiary force caused by the fixtures. Universal type fixtures shall be used for fatigue testing of transmission chains and leaf

35、chains.The universal fixtures shall be designed according to the chain dimensions specified in the separate standards. Examples of the structure of the fixtures are shown in Figure 2.Universal fixtures shall permit free movement on both sides of the chain centreline in both the normal plane of artic

36、ulation and in the transverse plane. For transmission chain the hole in the fixture shall be a size equal to the bush hole diameter of the chain under test. For leaf chain the hole in the fixture shall be a size equal to the clevis hole diameter d1shown in ISO 4347:2015, Tables 3 and 4.NOTE The test

37、 specimens all illustrate five free pitches.When testing chain on sheaves, the chain shall be restrained from moving around the sheaves to ensure that only specific pitches of the chain are tested.6 Test specimens6.1 At least five free pitches of chain shall be used as a fatigue test specimen, excep

38、t for chain pitch over 50,8 mm where a minimum of three free pitches are acceptable.NOTE Failures in links that contact the fixtures do not constitute part of the test.Free pitches are those chain pitches that do not contact the fixtures.6.2 The test specimens shall be unused, undamaged chains on wh

39、ich all phases of manufacture have been completed. The final lubricant type is discretionary.4 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)7 Test procedure7.1 Test forces7.1.1 Minimum forceThe minimum force for the test shall be at least 1 % but not more than 5 % of the minimum ten

40、sile strength given for the subject chain in ISO 606, ISO 10190 or ISO 4347.7.1.2 Maximum forceThe maximum force for the test shall be determined in accordance with 7.2 for a conformity test or in accordance with 7.3 for a staircase test.NOTE The endless loop illustration is not applicable to leaf c

41、hain.Figure 2 Examples of test specimens mounted in universal fixtures7.1.3 Test forceFor analyses of fatigue test data, maximum forces shall be corrected to zero minimum force. A test force is obtained by correcting the maximum force to zero minimum force by means of the Johnson-Goodman method Form

42、ula (3). The Johnson-Goodman relationship is illustrated by Figure 3. Here Fminis 0,05 Fuand Fmaxis 0,3 Fu, and the resulting Fdis 0,263 2 Fu.FFF FFFdumax minumin=()(3) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)KeyX minimum force, % of FuY maximum force, % of FuFigure 3 Johnson

43、-Goodman diagram7.1.4 Force applicationA longitudinal tensile force shall be applied, sinusoidally varying between the minimum test force determined according to 7.1.1 and the maximum test force determined according to 7.1.2. The test shall continue to endurance or until the specimen fails, whicheve

44、r is sooner.7.2 Conformity test7.2.1 PurposeThe purpose of this test is to determine whether or not a chain meets the dynamic strength requirements given for it in ISO 606, ISO 10190 or ISO 4347.7.2.2 EnduranceEndurance shall be 3 106cycles.7.2.3 Minimum test forceThe minimum force for the test shal

45、l be set in accordance with 7.1.1.6 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 15654:2015ISO 15654:2015(E)7.2.4 Maximum test forceThe maximum test force shall be determined using Formula (4):FFF FFFFmaxdu minu du=+()(4)7.2.5 Number of testsThree specimens shall be tested.7.2.6 AcceptanceAll specimens shall

46、survive to endurance without failure.7.3 Staircase test7.3.1 PurposeThe purpose of this test is to determine the fatigue limit of the subject chain.7.3.2 DescriptionFor the purposes of this International Standard, a staircase test is one in which specimens are tested sequentially at predetermined, e

47、qually spaced force levels. The first specimen is tested at a force level slightly greater than the estimated mean fatigue strength of the chain. If the first specimen runs to endurance (runs out), the next specimen is tested at the next higher predetermined force level. If the first specimen fails

48、before endurance, the next specimen is tested at the next lower predetermined force level. Force levels for subsequent tests are determined in the same manner, and the testing continues until the required number of tests are completed.7.3.3 EnduranceEndurance shall be 107cycles when testing for fati

49、gue limit.7.3.4 Rules for conducting a staircase testThe test shall begin with a response reversal, then a run-out followed by a failure, or a failure followed by a run-out. The test shall have at least 10 data points to determine the mean with 95 % confidence and six data points to determine the mean with 90 % confidence. It shall have the minimum number of data points in accordance with Table 2 to detect a difference in the mean of approximately one-half step size