BS EN 45544-4-2016 Workplace atmospheres Electrical apparatus used for the direct detection and direct concentration measurement of toxic gases and vapours Guide for selection inst.pdf

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1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 45544-4:2016Workplace atmospheres Electrical apparatus used forthe direct detection and directconcentration measurement oftoxic gases and vapoursPart 4: Guide for selection, installation, useand maintenanceBS EN 45544-4:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis Britis

2、h Standard is the UK implementation of EN 45544-4:2016. It supersedes BS EN 45544-4:2000 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EXL/31/1, Gas detectors.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its se

3、cretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 86294 6 ICS 13.040.30; 13.320 Compliance with a British Sta

4、ndard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 45544-4:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EU

5、ROPISCHE NORM EN 45544-4 March 2016 ICS 13.040.30; 13.320 Supersedes EN 45544-4:1999 English Version Workplace atmospheres - Electrical apparatus used for the direct detection and direct concentration measurement of toxic gases and vapours - Part 4: Guide for selection, installation, use and mainten

6、ance Atmosphres des lieux de travail - Appareillage lectrique utilis pour la dtection directe des vapeurs et gaz toxiques et le mesurage direct de leur concentration - Partie 4: Guide de slection, dinstallation, dutilisation et dentretien Arbeitsplatzatmosphre - Elektrische Gerte fr die direkte Dete

7、ktion und direkte Konzentrationsmessung toxischer Gase und Dmpfe - Teil 4: Leitfaden fr Auswahl, Installation, Einsatz und Wartung This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 25 January 2016. CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate

8、the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN and CENELEC member. This Eur

9、opean Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. C

10、EN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies and national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithu

11、ania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung

12、CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN/CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members and for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 45544-4:2016 E BS EN 45544-4:2016Contents PageEuropean foreword . 4 Introduction

13、. 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Properties and detection of toxic gases and vapours . 12 4.1 Properties and detection 12 4.2 Effects of water vapour on detection 13 4.3 Detection by oxygen deficiency measurement 13 5 Measurement tasks . 14 5.1 General . 14 5.2 Ge

14、neral gas detection . 14 5.3 Exposure measurement 15 6 Selection of the apparatus . 16 6.1 General . 16 6.2 Performance and electrical tests . 17 6.3 Indication range, measuring range and uncertainty of measurement . 17 6.3.1 General . 17 6.3.2 Apparatus conforming to EN 45544-2 . 18 6.3.3 Apparatus

15、 conforming to EN 45544-3 . 19 6.4 Selectivity requirements . 19 6.5 The influence of environmental conditions 19 6.6 Time of response and time of recovery 19 6.7 Time to alarm . 20 6.8 Data logging . 21 6.9 Instruction manual 22 7 Operation of toxic gas detection apparatus . 22 7.1 Alarm setting 22

16、 7.2 Operation of personal and portable apparatus 23 7.2.1 General . 23 7.2.2 Transportation . 24 7.2.3 Storage . 24 7.2.4 Inspection and functional checks 24 7.3 Operation of transportable and fixed apparatus 25 EN 45544-4:2016 (E)BS EN 45544-4:2016EN 45544-4:2016 (E) 3 7.3.1 General . 25 7.3.2 Ins

17、tallation 26 7.3.3 Commissioning and regular inspection 27 7.4 Sample lines and sampling probes . 28 7.5 Accessories . 28 8 Maintenance and calibration 29 8.1 General . 29 8.2 Maintenance . 29 8.3 Calibration 29 8.3.1 Procedure . 29 8.3.2 Calibration period 30 8.4 Operation test 31 8.5 Records 31 9

18、Training 32 9.1 General . 32 9.2 Operator training . 32 9.3 Maintenance and calibration training 32 Annex A (normative) Commonly used measurement principles 34 A.1 General . 34 A.2 Chemiluminescence 34 A.3 Colorimetry 35 A.4 Electrochemical . 36 A.5 Flame-ionization 37 A.6 Gas chromatography 38 A.7

19、Infrared photometry 39 A.8 Ion mobility spectrometry 40 A.9 Mass spectrometry 41 A.10 Photo-ionization 42 A.11 Semiconductor 43 A.12 Ultra-violet visible photometry . 44 Annex B (informative) Table of significant changes in comparison to EN 45544-4:1999 . 45 Bibliography 47 BS EN 45544-4:2016Europea

20、n foreword This document (EN 45544-4:2016) has been prepared by CEN/CENELEC Joint Working Group “Continuous Measuring Instruments“ (JWG CMI). The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to beimplemented at national level bypublication of an identical nationalstandard or by e

21、ndorsement(dop) 2017-01-25 latest date by which the nationalstandards conflicting with thedocument have to be withdrawn(dow) 2019-01-25 This document supersedes EN 45544-4:1999. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENE

22、LEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. EN 45544-4:2016 (E)BS EN 45544-4:2016EN 45544-4:2016 (E) 5 Introduction National laws and regulations based on European Directives require the assessment of the potential exposure of a worker to chemical agen

23、ts in workplace atmospheres. EN 45544, Workplace atmospheres Electrical apparatus used for the direct detection and direct concentration measurement of toxic gases and vapours, consists of the following parts: Part 1: General requirements and test methods; Part 2: Performance requirements for appara

24、tus used for exposure measurement; Part 3: Performance requirements for apparatus used for general gas detection; Part 4: Guide for selection, installation, use and maintenance. BS EN 45544-4:20161 Scope This European Standard gives guidance on the selection, installation, use and maintenance of ele

25、ctrical apparatus used for the direct detection and direct concentration measurement of toxic gases and vapours in workplace atmospheres. The primary purpose of such apparatus is to measure the concentration of a toxic gas or vapour in order to provide an exposure measurement and/or detection and wa

26、rning of its presence. This European Standard is applicable to apparatus whose primary purpose is to provide an indication, alarm and/or other output function to give a warning of the presence of a toxic gas or vapour in the atmosphere and in some cases to initiate automatic or manual protective act

27、ions. It is applicable to apparatus in which the sensor automatically generates an electrical signal when gas is present. This European Standard is not applicable, but may provide useful information, for apparatus used for the measurement of oxygen, used only in laboratories for analysis or measurem

28、ent, used only for process measurement purposes, used in car parks or tunnels (fixed apparatus only), used in the domestic environment, used in environmental air pollution monitoring, used for the measurement of combustible gases and vapours related to the risk of explosion. It also does not apply t

29、o open-path (line of sight) area monitors. For apparatus used for sensing the presence of multiple gases, this European Standard applies only to the detection of toxic gas or vapour. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and

30、are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 482:2012+A1:2015, Workplace exposure General requirements for the performance of procedures for th

31、e measurement of chemical agents EN 45544-1:2015, Workplace atmospheres - Electrical apparatus used for the direct detection and direct concentration measurement of toxic gases and vapours - Part 1: General requirements and test methods EN 45544-2:2015, Workplace atmospheres - Electrical apparatus u

32、sed for the direct detection and direct concentration measurement of toxic gases and vapours - Part 2: Performance requirements for apparatus used for exposure measurement EN 45544-3:2015, Workplace atmospheres - Electrical apparatus used for the direct detection and direct concentration measurement

33、 of toxic gases and vapours - Part 3: Performance requirements for apparatus used for general gas detection EN 45544-4:2016 (E)BS EN 45544-4:2016EN 45544-4:2016 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 toxic gas general term for

34、any gas or vapour that can be harmful to human health Note 1 to entry: The term “gas” is used for both gases and vapours 3.2 interfering gases any gas other than the gas to be detected, including water vapour, which affects the indication 3.3 clean air or zero gas air free of gases to which the sens

35、or is sensitive, or which influences the performance of the sensor 3.4 standard test gas test gas with a composition specified for each apparatus and gas to be tested 3.5 volume fraction (v/v) quotient of the volume of a specified component and the sum of the volumes of all components of a gas mixtu

36、re before mixing 3.6 limit value occupational exposure limit of the time-weighted average of the concentration of a chemical agent in the air within the breathing zone of a worker in relation to a specified reference period SOURCE: Council Directive 98/24/EC Art. 2(d) 1 Note 1 to entry: Limit values

37、 are mostly set for reference periods of 8 h, but can also be set for shorter periods or concentration excursions, e.g. short-term exposure limit (STEL). Limit values for gases and vapours are stated in terms independent of temperature and air pressure variables in ml/m3, and in terms dependent on t

38、hose variables in mg/m3for a temperature of 20 C and a pressure of 101,3 kPa. 3.7 exposure (by inhalation) situation in which a chemical agent is present in air that is inhaled by a person 3.8 time weighted average (TWA) concentration concentration of gas in air integrated over time and divided by t

39、he specified reference period 3.9 fixed apparatus apparatus intended to have all parts permanently installed 3.10 transportable apparatus apparatus not intended to be a portable apparatus, but which can readily be moved from one place to another BS EN 45544-4:20163.11 portable apparatus apparatus th

40、at has been designed to be readily carried from place to place and to be used while being carried Note 1 to entry: Portable apparatus is generally battery powered. 3.12 personal apparatus portable apparatus attached to a person that monitors the atmosphere in their breathing zone so that their expos

41、ure to toxic gases can be determined Note 1 to entry: Also known as a personal monitor. 3.13 aspirated apparatus apparatus that samples the atmosphere by drawing it to the sensor EXAMPLE A hand operated or electric pump can draw gas to the sensor. 3.14 alarm-only apparatus apparatus having an alarm

42、but not having a display or other device to indicate the measured gas concentration 3.15 sensing element part of the sensor that is sensitive to the gas/vapour to be measured 3.16 sensor assembly in which the sensing element is housed and which can contain associated circuit components 3.17 remote s

43、ensor sensor that is not an integral part of the apparatus Note 1 to entry: A remote sensor is connected to a control unit or to a gas detection transmitter. 3.18 gas detection transmitter fixed gas detection apparatus that provides a conditioned electronic signal or output indication to a generally

44、 accepted industry standard, intended to be utilized with separate control units, or signal processing data acquisition, central monitoring and similar systems which typically process information from various locations and sources including, but not limited to, gas detection apparatus EXAMPLE An exa

45、mple of a generally accepted industry standard for an electronic signal or output indication is 4 mA - 20 mA. 3.19 control unit apparatus intended to provide display indication, alarm functions, output contacts and/or alarm signal outputs when operated with remote sensor(s) and/or gas detection tran

46、smitter(s) 3.20 alarm set point setting of the apparatus at which the measured concentration will cause the apparatus to initiate an indication, alarm or other output function EN 45544-4:2016 (E)BS EN 45544-4:2016EN 45544-4:2016 (E) 9 3.21 fault signal audible, visible or other type of output, diffe

47、rent from the alarm signal that permits, directly or indirectly, a warning or indication that the apparatus is not working satisfactorily 3.22 sample line means by which the gas being sampled is conveyed to the sensor including accessories EXAMPLE Examples of accessories: filter, water trap. 3.23 sa

48、mpling probe separate sample line that is attached to the apparatus as required Note 1 to entry: It can be supplied with or without the apparatus. It is usually short (e.g. of the order of 1 m) and rigid, although it can be telescopic. It can also be connected by a flexible tube to the apparatus. 3.

49、24 field calibration kit means of calibrating or adjusting the apparatus EXAMPLE This can be a calibration mask. Note 1 to entry: The field calibration kit can also be used for verifying the operation of the apparatus. 3.25 zero indication indication given by an apparatus when exposed to zero gas in normal operating conditions 3.26 indication range range of measured values of gas concentration over which the apparatus is capable of indicating Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2. 3.27 zero scale indication smallest value of the measured