BS EN 935-2004 Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Aluminium iron(III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron(III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 935:2004 Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) The European Standard EN 935:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.80 BS EN 935:2004 T

2、his British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 2 December 2004 BSI 2 December 2004 ISBN 0 580 44952 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 935:2004. It supersedes BS EN 935:2001, which is with

3、drawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standar

4、ds which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This p

5、ublication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible interna

6、tional/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN tit

7、le page, pages 2 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 935 November 2004 ICS 71.100

8、.80 Supersedes EN 935:2001 English version Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Aluminium iron(III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron(III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau destine la consommation humaine - Ch

9、lorure et hydroxychlorure daluminium et de fer (III) (monomres) Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den menschlichen Gebrauch - Aluminium-Eisen(III)chlorid (Monomer) und Aluminium-Eisen(III)hydroxidchlorid (Monomer) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 September 2004. CEN members are

10、 bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to t

11、he Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same sta

12、tus as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Sloven

13、ia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN n

14、ational Members. Ref. No. EN 935:2004: EEN 935:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Description .5 4 Purity criteria8 5 Test methods9 6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage10 Annex A (informative) General information on aluminium iron (lll) chloride

15、 (monomeric) and aluminium iron (lll) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) 13 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety17 Bibliography 18 EN 935:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 935:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held b

16、y AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. This document supersedes EN 935:2001. Significan

17、t technical differences between this edition and EN 935:2001 are as follows: a) replacement of the reference to EU Directive 80/778/EEC of July, 15 1980 with the latest Directive in force (see1); b) expansion of annex A by addition of A.2 “quality of commercial product“. According to the CEN/CENELEC

18、 Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,

19、Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 935:2004 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this document: a) this document pr

20、ovides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this

21、product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this document is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. EN 935:2004 (E) 5 1 S

22、cope This document is applicable to aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements for aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomer

23、ic) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) and refers to the corresponding test methods. It gives information on their use in water treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use of aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chlorid

24、e hydroxide (monomeric) ( see annex B). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendme

25、nts) applies. EN 1302, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Aluminium-based coagulants Analytical methods. ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling. ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary. 3 Description

26、3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name a) Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric); b) Aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric). 3.1.2 Synonym or common names For aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric): bauxite or clay hydroxide chloride. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass Variab

27、le (see 3.1.4). EN 935:2004 (E) 6 3.1.4 Empirical formula Al x Fe 1-x (OH) a Cl bwith (a + b) = 3 and x = 0,67 to 0,99 for aluminium iron chlorides x = 0,80 to 0,99 for aluminium iron chloride hydroxides a = 0 to 1,05 b = 3 to 1,95 a = 0 for aluminium iron(III) chloride (monomeric) products, and the

28、se products normally have a detectable free acidity (see 5.2). 3.1.5 Chemical formula Variable (see 3.1.4). 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number 1)The following is a list of CAS Registry Numbers for products or their components. AlCl 3 : 7446-70-0. FeCl 3 : 7705-08-0. Al(OH) a Cl b: 1327-41-9 with (a + b) = 3

29、and a less than 1,05. Al(OH)Cl 2: 14215-15-7. 3.1.7 EINECS reference 2)The following is a list of EINECS reference numbers for products or their components. AlCl 3 : 231-208-1. FeCl 3 : 231-729-4. Al(OH) a Cl b : 215-477-2. Al(OH)Cl 2 : 238-071-7. 3.2 Commercial form The products are available as li

30、quids. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The products are yellow to brown liquids. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European inventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances. EN 935:2004 (E) 7 3.3.2 Density The density depends on the particular composition, especially the

31、 aluminium ion content, expressed as a mass fraction of aluminium in %. Typical value: 1,3 g/ml for 5,3 % Al. 3.3.3 Solubility in water Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) are fully miscible with water. NOTE Depending on the particular pr

32、oduct, dilute solutions can hydrolyze and form a precipitate. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure at 20 C Not known. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 3)Not known. 3.3.6 Crystallization point Typical value is - 20 C for 5,3 % Al. 3.3.7 Specific heat Not known. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) Typical value is 20 mPas for 5

33、,3 % Al at 20 C. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. EN 935:2004 (E) 8 3.4 Chemical properties Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric

34、) are acidic liquids which hydrolyse and form a precipitate of aluminium hydroxide and iron hydroxide when diluted beyond a particular concentration. NOTE The solubility of aluminium and the solubility of iron depend on the pH value and the product should be used within an appropriate pH range. 4 Pu

35、rity criteria 4.1 General This document specifies the minimum purity requirements for aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) and aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxide (monomeric) used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in

36、the products. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Users of these products should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of

37、 appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the products not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where

38、these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production processes and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials leads to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of c

39、ommercial product The concentration of active matter (aluminium ion content) expressed as grams per kilogram of product (Al g/kg) shall be greater than 40 g/kg. The contents of aluminium and iron shall be within 3 % of the manufacturers declared values. The ratio Fe/Al shall be less than 0,50 for al

40、uminium iron (III) chloride hydroxides (monomeric) and less than 1,0 for aluminium iron (III) chlorides (monomeric). The relative basicity, expressed as the mole ratio OH/3(Al + Fe), shall be within the range 0 to 0,35 for aluminium iron (III) chloride hydroxides (monomeric). For aluminium iron (III

41、) chloride (monomeric), the basicity is zero. Aluminium iron (III) chloride (monomeric) often have a free acidity. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The content of insoluble matter shall be lower than 25 g/kg (Al + Fe). 4.4 Chemical parameters The product shall conform to the requirements specifie

42、d in Table 1. EN 935:2004 (E) 9 Table 1 Chemical parameters Limit mg/kg (Al + Fe) Parameter Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 Arsenic (As) max. 14 40 100 Cadmium (Cd) max. 3 50 100 Chromium (Cr) max. 30 700 1 000 Mercury (Hg) max. 4 10 20 Nickel (Ni) max. 20 700 1 000 Lead (Pb) max. 40 200 800 Antimony (Sb) max.

43、 20 40 120 Selenium (Se) max. 20 40 120 NOTE Cyanide (CN - ) is usually not relevant because of the acidity of the product. Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not relevant since the raw materials used in the manufacturing process are free of them. For maximum impact of these product

44、s on trace metal content in drinking water (see A.2). 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling 5.1.1 General Observe the general rules of ISO 3165 and take into account ISO 6206 5.1.2 Sampling from drums and bottles 5.1.2.1 General 5.1.2.1.1 Mix the contents of each container to be sampled by shaking the contain

45、er, by rolling it or by rocking it from side to side, taking care not to damage the container or spill any of the liquid. 5.1.2.1.2 If the design of the container is such (for example, a narrow-necked bottle) that it is impracticable to use a sampling implement, take a sample by pouring after the co

46、ntents have been thoroughly mixed. Otherwise, proceed as described in 5.1.2.1.3. 5.1.2.1.3 Examine the surface of the liquid. If there are signs of surface contamination, take samples from the surface as described in 5.1.2.2; otherwise, take samples as described in 5.1.2.3. 5.1.2.2 Surface sampling

47、Take a sample using a suitable ladle. Lower the ladle into the liquid until the rim is just below the surface, so that the surface layer runs into it. Withdraw the ladle just before it fills completely and allow any liquid adhering to the ladle to drain off. If necessary, repeat this operation so th

48、at, when the other selected containers have been sampled in a similar manner, the total volume of sample required for subsequent analysis is obtained. EN 935:2004 (E) 10 5.1.2.3 Bottom sampling Take a sample using an open sampling tube, or a bottom-valve sampling tube, suited to the size of containe

49、r and the viscosity of the liquid. When using an open sampling tube, close it at the top and then lower the bottom end to the bottom of the container. Open the tube and move it rapidly so that the bottom of the tube traverses the bottom of the container before the tube is filled. Close the tube, withdraw it from the container and allow any liquid adhering to the outside of the tube to drain off. When using a bottom-valve sampling tube, close the valve before lowering the tube in