BS 7044-4-1991 Artificial sports surfaces - Specification for surfaces for multi-sports use《人工运动场表面 多用途运动场表面规格》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7044-4: 1991 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Artificial sports surfaces Part 4: Specification for surfaces for multi-sports useBS7044-4:1991 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee, was published undert

2、he authority of the BoardofBSI and comes into effect on 31 January 1991 BSI02-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TCM/57 Draft for comment 89/35511 DC ISBN 0 580 19088 9 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this Br

3、itish Standard was entrusted by the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee (TCM/-) to Technical Committee TCM/57, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Playing Fields and Landscape Managers British Association of Landscape Industries British Carpet Manufacturers

4、Association Ltd. British Floor Covering Manufacturers Association British Sports and Allied Industries Federation British Textile Technology Group Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Contract Flooring Association Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Fibre Bonded Carpet Manufa

5、cturers Association Fibre Building Board Organization (FIDOR) Home Office Institute of Groundsmanship Institute of Leisure and Amenity Management International Association for Sports Surface Sciences National Playing Fields Association National Turfgrass Council RAPRA Technology Ltd. Sports Council

6、Sports Turf Research Institute Synthetic Sports Surface Association Tennis Court Constructors Federation (TCCF) Textile Institute Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 7426 February 1993 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS7044-4:1991 BSI 02-1999 i Contents Page Committees re

7、sponsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Dimensions 1 3 Performance 1 4 Essential information 1 Appendix A Test schedule 6 Appendix B Design levels 6 Appendix C Wetting procedure 6 Table 1 Ball/surface interaction 2 Table 2 Person/surface interaction 2 Table 3 Durability 3 Table 4 Enviro

8、nmental resistance 4 Table 5 Miscellaneous 5 Table 6 Test schedule 6 Publication(s) referred to Inside back coverBS7044-4:1991 ii BSI 02-1999 Foreword This Part of BS7044 has been prepared under the direction of the Textiles and Clothing Standards Policy Committee. It is based on Part2 of the Sports

9、 Council Specification for Artificial Sports Surfaces,1984, but has been significantly rearranged and revised. Ideally, all sports activities would have the surface individually specified, but economic pressures dictate that in many installations a number of sports have to be played in the same spac

10、e and often on the same surface. For this reason, requirements for surfaces for multi-sports use are given in this Part of BS7044. The likelihood of injury is a complex function of the properties of the surface and the nature of the sport to be played. The relevant physical properties are stiffness,

11、 energy absorption, friction and roughness. Particularly for a multi-sports surface it is not possible to define a complete safety specification nor to specify absolute limits for all relevant properties which will be applicable to all sports. Repeated interaction between the ball and players footwe

12、ar and the surface will inevitably result in wear due to both abrasion and fatigue processes. In practice, these processes cannot be separated and it is not possible to reproduce precisely in the laboratory the complex service conditions. Again, in service, the surface may be subject to complex patt

13、erns of temperature, sunlight and water. It is not possible to reproduce these conditions precisely in the laboratory. Consequently, the methods for measuring durability and environmental resistance cannot be readily used to predict service life, but the requirements specified set minimum standards

14、which, if met, should result in satisfactory durability. WARNING. It is incumbent upon the owners of, or operators of, a sports facility to satisfy themselves as to the suitability of the surface from a safety aspect for the sports to be played. It is considered essential that this Part of BS7044 is

15、 read in conjunction with BS7044-1. While the tests are intended to assess the most important features of a product to be used as an artificial sports surface, they cannot remove the necessity for regular inspection and maintenance, which is essential for reliable operation. Product certification. U

16、sers of this Part of BS7044 are advised to consider the desirability of third party certification of product conformity with this British Standard based on testing and continuing surveillance, which may be coupled with assessment of a suppliers quality systems against the appropriate Part of BS5750.

17、 Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification schemes will be forwarded by BSI to the Association of Certification Bodies. If a third party certification scheme does not already exist, users should consider approaching an appropriate body from the list of Association members. A Brit

18、ish Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a fron

19、t cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS7044-4:1991 BSI 02-1999 1 1 Scope

20、 This Part of BS7044 specifies requirements for artificial surfaces for multi-sports use, i.e. surfaces for installation where a number of different sports will be played. The requirements apply to the complete surface, i.e.the top layers and the substrate. NOTE 1It should be noted that requirements

21、 for surfaces for a particular sport may render those surfaces incompatible with requirements for other sports. Advice on requirements for surfaces for an individual sport should be sought from the governing bodies of the sport in question. NOTE 2A recommended test schedule is given in Appendix A. N

22、OTE 3 The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Dimensions Each surface shall be laid with an overall slope in any direction no greater than1 in100. Any localized bumps or hollows shall be not greater than6mm on an indoor area and not greater

23、than10mm on an outdoor area when measured using a 3m straightedge, and not greater than3mm when using a300mm straightedge. NOTE 1A suitable method of measurement using a straightedge is described in BS8203. Deviation from the finished plane shall be not greater than 6mm at any point on an indoor are

24、a and shall be not greater than 25mm at any point on an outdoor area. NOTE 2 The surface should be dimensionally stable so that, in normal use, it should not lift or buckle through the actions of temperature and weather, or from the interaction with equipment or players. The thermal expansion of the

25、 surface should be such that, with the recommended method of fixing to the substrate, the surface does not lift or buckle over the temperature range 5 C to +40 C. For any class of artificial grass sports surface (seeBS 7044-1) the mean pile height measured before any sand infill shall not vary by mo

26、re than 15% of the mean height and the distribution of the pile over the surface shall be uniform. In cases of dispute the pile height shall be determined by measuring the overall thickness and the thickness of the backing by the method described inBS4051. NOTE 3 The area of surface will normally be

27、 at least the minimum area required by the rules of the sports to be played. Information may be obtained from the governing bodies of the sports in question. NOTE 4Pronounced surface patterns or artificial grass may not be suitable for some sports and, if in doubt, information should be sought from

28、the governing bodies of the sport in question. A rough surface on a rigid material will increase the risk of injury from cuts and grazes and may substantially reduce ball life through abrasion. 3 Performance All classes of surface shall comply withTable 1 to Table 5, as appropriate. 4 Essential info

29、rmation The following information shall be supplied by the manufacturer to the purchaser. NOTEThis information should also, as far as possible, be included in any test reports. a) The number and date of this British Standard, i.e.BS7044-4:1991 1) . b) The designation “NOT IMPACT ENERGY ABSORBING”, “

30、FLAMMABLE”, “LOW PERMEABILITY” (Class0 surfaces 2)only), where appropriate. c) The substrate(s) to which the test results relate, the depth of substrate, type of material including particle size and shape, and method of bonding, if any. d) The colour and reflectance of the surface as defined in BS48

31、00. e) Details of which types of paint and/or tape can be applied effectively and without damage to the surface or significantly affecting the playing characteristics, or other line marking methods available, e.g.inlaid or woven lines. f) The means and substances to be used to carry out regular main

32、tenance in the form of cleaning of the surface. g) The details of any other regular maintenance, e.g.resealing or topping up the level of sand and, where appropriate, the sealants that may be used. h) An assurance that the surface does not contain in its finished state any substance which is known t

33、o be toxic or carcinogenic when in contact with skin, and that no toxic or carcinogenic substance(s) will be released as a vapour or dust during normal use. i) The principal sports for which the surface is intended. 1) Marking BS 7044-4 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturers decla

34、ration of conformity, i.e.a claim by or on behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of the claim is therefore solely the responsibility of the person making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of c

35、onformity, which may also be desirable. 2) As defined in BS7044-1.BS7044-4:1991 2 BSI 02-1999 Table 1 Ball/surface interaction Table 2 Person/surface interaction Property Sports ball Performance Test method Rebound resilience (wetand dry a ) No difference at 5+0, 2C, 23 2 C and 40 2 C within the ran

36、ge given below: Method1 of BS7044-2.1:1989 Basketball Handball Hockey outdoor Netball Soccer 50% to 70% 40% to 60% 8% to 20% 45% to 65% 25% to 50% Ball roll b(wet) Hockey outdoor 5m to 15m Method2 of BS7044-2.1:1989 Velocity change of a rolling ball c Football 0.10m/s to 0.75m/s Method3 of BS7044-2.

37、1:1989 NOTESpin may be measured using method4 of BS7044-2.1:1989. a A wetting procedure is given inAppendix C. b The method for ball roll gives a direct measure of the distance a ball with a given velocity will roll, but requires a large test area and is affected by wind and surface irregularities.

38、A greater ball roll than15m may be found on some artificial sports surfaces and it should not be inferred that these are unsuitable, particularly for indoor ball games. No limits can be laid down for ball roll, other than for outdoor hockey, because of the range of sports which may be played and the

39、 variety of balls which may be used. c The method for velocity change measures the rate at which the surface slows the rolling ball and does not require a very large test area. No limits can be laid down for velocity change, other than for football, because of the range of sports played and variety

40、of balls used and the lack of available data. Property Performance Test Method Traction coefficient (wetand dry) 1.1 to 2.0 Method1 of BS7044-2.2:1990 Slip resistance (wetand dry) Between 60 and 140 Method3 of BS7044-2.2:1990 a Peak deceleration Surfaces shall either give a peak g of 200 from a drop

41、 height of not less than 1.0 m, or shall be designated “NOT IMPACT ENERGY ABSORBING”. For class MD/0, HD/0 and SR/0 surfaces b , the requirement shall also be met when wet Method4 of BS7044-2.2:1990 a This method is not applicable to use on non-sand filled artificial grass surfaces because of uncert

42、ainty in the length of the contact path. b As defined in BS7044-1.BS7044-4:1991 BSI 02-1999 3 Table 3 Durability Property Performance Test method Abrasion resistance to abrasive wheels Mass loss of surfaces other than artificial grasses ashall be not greater than 3.0g per1000 revolutions. Abrading w

43、heels shall be in accordance with section3 of BS7188:1989 If the surface is a laminate of different materials, the top layer shall not be abraded completely through, unless this is stated by the manufacturers to be replaceable as part of normal maintenance Method1 of BS7044-2.3:1990 bc Abrasion resi

44、stance to metal blades Mass loss of non-sand filled artificial grass surfaces shall be not greater than 0.2g per2000revolutions Method2 of BS7044-2.3:1990 c Fatigue resistance Surface shall show no signs of cracking or tearing or any delamination of bonded layers. When brushed, the pile of artificia

45、l grass surfaces shall show no evidence of cracking or fracture Method3 of BS7044-2.3:1990 d Low temperature impact resistance Class0 surfaces eshall show no signs of cracking or permanent distortion Method4 of BS7044-2.3:1990 Spike resistance The following surfaces shall not be damaged to greater t

46、han grade 2: Method5 of BS7044-2.3:1990 a) class SR/0 surfaces e , using9mm spikes; b) class SR/0 surfaces eto be used for javelin run-up, using 12 mm spikes; c) class SR/I surfaces e , using 6 mm spikes Resistance to indentation 3mm maximum for class0 and I surfaces eafter1500 min Method6 of BS7044

47、-2.3:1990 a Needle punch materials are not considered to be artificial grasses. b This method is unsuitable for materials with loose or unbound components. c Methods 1 and 2, as described in BS7044-2.3, do not reproduce precisely the complete service conditions and cannot readily be used to predict

48、service lifetime. Important factors, in addition to mass loss, include the thickness of material available to be abraded and the degree of splitting and matting of artificial grass. When assessing surfaces, the abraded test pieces should be visually inspected and the condition noted. d A loading of

49、either 5 0.1kg for testing class HD/0, HD/I, SR/0 and SR/I surfaces e , or 2.5 0.05kg for testing class MD/0 and MD/I surfaces e , is used. e As defined in BS7044-1.BS7044-4:1991 4 BSI 02-1999 Table 4 Environmental resistance Property Performance Test method Resistance to ozone The top layer of flexible polymeric surfaces shall show no signs of cracking, except that any cracks in the regions of the clamps shall be ignored. For surfaces intended to be portable the backing also shall meet this requirement Method 1 of BS7044-2.4:19