BS 3396-3-1987 Woven glass fibre fabrics for plastics reinforcement - Specification for finished fabrics for use with polyester resin systems《塑料增强用机织玻璃纤维织物 第3部分 聚酯树脂系统用成品布规范》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 3396-3: 1987 Woven glass fibre fabrics for plastics reinforcement Part 3: Specification for finished fabrics for use with polyester resin systems UDC678.0675:677.521.074BS3396-3:1987 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Plastics Standards Committ

2、ee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSIandcomes into effect on 30 January 1987 BSI04-1999 First published September 1961 First revision March 1970 Second revision January 1987 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PLM/39 Draft for com

3、ment 84/37207 DC ISBN 0 580 15536 6 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Plastics Standards Committee (PLM/-) to Technical Committee PLM/39, upon which the following bodies were represented: BEAMA Ltd. British Gas Corporation

4、British Plastics Federation British Telecommunications plc ERA Technology Ltd. Electrical and Electronic Insulation Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Engineering Equipment and Materials Users Association Greater London Council Ministry of Defence Process Plant Association Royal Institute of British Architect

5、s Ship and Boat Builders National Federation Society of British Aerospace Companies Limited Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited Standards Association of Australia (British Committees) The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and pa

6、nels: Imperial College of Science and Technology Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS3396-3:1987 BSI 04-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definition 1 3 Construction 1 4 Laminating properties 1 5 Selection of test

7、samples 1 6 Packaging 1 7 Marking and identification 1 Appendix A Determination of breaking strength 3 Appendix B Method of test for resin-glass fabric laminate 3 Table 1 Flexural strength of laminates using grades S, C and O finishes 2 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS3396-3:1987 ii BSI

8、04-1999 Foreword This Part of this British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Plastics Standards Committee. It is a revision of BS 3396-3:1970, which is therefore withdrawn. BS3396 currently contains the following Parts. Part 1: Specification for loom-state fabrics; Part 2: Specif

9、ication for desized fabrics; Part 3: Specification for finished fabrics for use with polyester resin systems. In this revision the requirement to measure the electrical conductivity of an aqueous extract has been omitted, the flexural strength requirements for laminates have been updated with the cu

10、rrent fabrics as specified in Part 1 of BS 3396, and the marking requirements have been amended to include the finish batch number. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Com

11、pliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesiandii, pages1 to4, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have h

12、ad amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS3396-3:1987 BSI 04-1999 1 1 Scope This Part of this British Standard specifies the appearance, breaking strength and laminating requirements for woven glass fibre fabrics, specified in BS3396-1 and

13、BS3396-2, which have been desized and finished to make them suitable for use with polyester resin systems. It also gives packaging and marking requirements for the fabrics. The three grades of finish are specified as follows: a) grade S: silane finish; b) grade C: chrome finish; c) grade O: other sp

14、ecified finishes. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definition For the purposes of this Part of BS 3396, the following definition applies. finish a chemical treatment applied to a desized fabric to enhance the mechanical properties

15、 and the resistance to water of the combination of glass fabric and synthetic resin 3 Construction 3.1 General The desized fabric shall be uniformly woven. It shall be free from streaks, stains, oil and grease spots, creases and wrinkles. It shall not be brittle or fused. 3.2 Breaking strength The b

16、reaking strength of the finished fabric in the warp and weft directions, when determined in accordance with Appendix A, shall be not less than40 % of the minimum average breaking strength specified in BS 3396-1 for the same fabric in the loom-state condition. NOTE 1The finished fabric should have dr

17、apability and flexibility such that it will withstand normal handling. NOTE 2It may be presumed, unless otherwise stated by the supplier, that the storage life of the finished fabric is 1 year when stored at a temperature not exceeding 25 C and at ambient humidity not exceeding 63 % relative humidit

18、y. 4 Laminating properties The finished fabric shall be thoroughly impregnated with the resin (seeB.1.2), when made into a laminate by the method given in Appendix B. For fabrics listed in Table 1 the laminate shall meet the “wet” and “dry” flexural strength requirements specified in that table, whe

19、n tested in accordance with the method laid down in Appendix B. Other finished fabrics specified in BS3396-1 and BS3396-2 shall be accepted as satisfactory for laminating if one of the fabrics listed in Table 1 meets the requirements therein when included in the same finishing batch. 5 Selection of

20、test samples A sample shall be selected from each2000m of finished fabric or from each finished batch, whichever is the smaller. The finish batch number shall be recorded. 6 Packaging The fabric shall be rolled evenly onto tubes of sufficient length and strength, so that they will not collapse or te

21、lescope during transit, storage and handling. Both ends of the roll shall be protected to prevent damage to the edges of the cloth. Each roll shall be individually wrapped and rolls of fabric shall be packed in parcels or boxes in such a way as to protect them from damage. 7 Marking and identificati

22、on Each roll of fabric shall be marked in the form of a code with the following information in the following general style for items a) to e): a) the number and date of this standard, i.e.BS3396/3:1987 1) ; b) the designation as given in Table 1 or in Table 1 of BS3396-1:1982, e.g.P6/22; c) the grad

23、e of finish, e.g.grade S; d) the date of finishing, e.g.10.11.86; e) the finish batch number, e.g.1234; f) the manufacturers name or trade mark, e.g.AB and Co. NOTEItems a), b) and c) are required for ordering purposes. Each of the components of the code shall be separated by a hyphen. For example,

24、AB and Co.s P6/22 fabric finished with grade S finish on 10 November 1986, finish batch number1234, for polyester resin laminates shall be identified as follows. BS 3396/3:1987-P6/22-grade S-10.11.86-1234-AB and Co. 1) Marking BS 3396/3:1987 on or in relation to a product is a claim by the manufactu

25、rer that the product has been manufactured to the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the manufacturers responsibility. Enquiries as to the availability of third party certification should be addressed to the appropriate certification body.BS3396-3:1987 2 B

26、SI 04-1999 Table 1 Flexural strength of laminates using grades S, C and O finishes Designation of fabric Minimum flexural strength in the “dry” condition Warp direction Weft direction MPa Mpa P2/11 P4/11 P6/22 P6/34 P8/34 P41/68 T3/22 T3/34 S2/22 S2/34 385 380 345 345 275 345 380 380 415 415 360 315

27、 340 340 400 315 360 360 415 415 The minimum flexural strength values in the “wet” condition shall be as follows: a) grade S: 85% of dry value found; b) grade C: 75% of dry value found; c) grade O: 75% of dry value found.BS3396-3:1987 BSI 04-1999 3 Appendix A Determination of breaking strength A.1 T

28、est pieces A.1.1 Cutting of test pieces Cut from the test sample six test pieces in the direction of the warp and six in the direction of the weft, each not less than 63.5 mm wide. Ensure that no two test pieces cut in the same direction contain the same longitudinal threads. A.1.2 Fraying of test p

29、ieces A.1.2.1 General. To prevent the ends of the test pieces from being damaged by the jaws of the testing machine (seeA.2), prepare them in accordance with eitherA.1.2.2 orA.1.2.3. NOTEMethod 1 (A.1.2.2) is the more time-consuming but it is to be preferred in cases of dispute. A.1.2.2 Method 1. La

30、y the test piece, before fraying, on stiff paper and impregnate, coat and attach the end of the test piece to the paper with a suitable cement (see note), leaving 200 mm untreated at the middle of the test piece. After the cement has dried remove the threads from the sides of the test piece, by care

31、ful cutting and fraying, and reduce the test width to 50 mm in the untreated portion. When the test piece has been fixed in the jaws of the machine (seeA.2), cut across the paper at the middle. NOTEThe following materials have been recommended for the end-impregnation of breaking strength test piece

32、s of glass fabrics: a) natural rubber or polychloroprene solution; or b) a solution of polybutyl methacrylate in xylene; or c) a solution of polymethyl methacrylate moulding powder in diethyl ketone or butanone. A.1.2.3 Method 2. Lay the test piece, already frayed to the50mm test width, on a flat su

33、rface with each end between two sheets of polyvinyl butyral and leave200mm uncovered at the middle of the test piece. Cover the sheets of polyvinyl butyral with medium weight paper and apply an electric iron to soften the polyvinyl butyral and cause it to penetrate and adhere to the glass fibre. A.2

34、 Procedure Condition the test pieces for not less than6h in an atmosphere with a relative humidity of 652% and a temperature of20 20C Carry out all testing without removing the material from this atmosphere. Fix each test piece in the jaws of a machine having an accuracy in accordance with grade0.5

35、of BS1610-1 so that the unsupported length is200mm. Steadily apply a load at such a rate that a load equal to the specified minimum average breaking strength is reached in approximately1 min. Appendix B Method of test for resin-glass fabric laminate B.1 Preparation of laminate B.1.1 Make the laminat

36、e in the form of a flat sheet. Cut the sample under test to provide sufficient layers of fabric, so that the final thickness of the laminate is3.2 0.25mm. Make the size of the plies of fabric such that the final laminate provides sufficient rectangular strips for the test procedure given below. B.1.

37、2 Dry the glass fibre fabric in a ventilated oven for1h at105 2C. Cool the fabric in a desiccator and use immediately on removal. Impregnate the fabric with a polyester resin complying with type C of Table 1 in BS3532:1962 to give a final resin content of 35% to 42% of the total mass, the criterion

38、for thorough impregnation being that the wet impregnated fabric be uniformly translucent. Carry out both impregnation and building-up of the laminate at a temperature between17C and25C. B.2 Procedure B.2.1 Calculate the mass of resin necessary to give the required resin content from the mass of glas

39、s fabric to be used. Catalyse in excess of this quantity of resin in order to produce void-free laminates according to the manufacturers instructions and use immediately in the following way. B.2.2 Dry the cut specimens of glass fabric in the manner detailed above and keep in a desiccator. Cover a p

40、olished metal plate about380mm 380mm with a sheet of regenerated cellulose film or polyethylene terephthalate film0.03mm to0.05mm thick. Spread sufficient catalysed resin to impregnate the first layer on the release film. Position the first layer of glass fabric on the resin and work the resin throu

41、gh the fabric by a squeeze roller device until the glass fabric is evenly impregnated. Repeat this procedure with alternate layers of resin and glass fabric until the final thickness is achieved and the laminate is fully translucent. Superimpose each successive layer of fabric in the previous one wi

42、th the warp threads substantially parallel to those in the preceding ply.BS3396-3:1987 4 BSI 04-1999 B.2.3 Immediately cover the top layer with a sheet of film, roll to remove air and to cause the surface to be wetted, so that on pressing and curing, the laminate has an even, smooth, bubble-free sur

43、face. Cover the sheet of film immediately after this operation, by a second polished metal plate. Place stops3.2mm thick between the upper and lower metal plates. Within 5 min of the completion of these operations place the whole assembly between the platens of a press. Ensure that the platens are c

44、losed to the stops and held under a positive pressure of35kN/m 2to70kN/m 2during the ensuing curing schedule. B.2.4 Cure the laminate in accordance with the resin manufacturers instructions. Give the final laminate a post cure of2h at about 100C and ensure that it is free from visible voids and othe

45、r defects. Allow the laminate to cool to room temperature. B.2.5 Cut sufficient rectangular test pieces, not less than100mm long 12.5mm wide, from the laminate, with the longer direction parallel to the warp or weft threads. B.2.6 Determine the flexural strengths of these test pieces in accordance w

46、ith BS2782:Method 335A, after subjecting them to the conditions given below. a) Dry condition. Test the specimens in the dry condition as soon as it is convenient after cutting. Determine the resin content by ignition, by the method given in6.2 of BS2782:Method1006:1978. b) Wet condition. Keep the t

47、est specimens immersed in boiling distilled water for 2 h and then remove and cool in distilled water to room temperature. Wipe the specimens to remove excess water and test immediately.BS3396-3:1987 BSI 04-1999 Publications referred to BS1610, Materials testing machines and force verification equip

48、ment. BS1610-1, Specification for the grading of the forces applied by materials testing machines. BS3396, Woven glass fibre fabrics for plastics reinforcement. BS3396-1, Specification for loom-state fabrics. BS3396-2, Specification for desized fabrics. BS2782, Methods of testing plastics. BS2782-3,

49、 Mechanical properties. BS2782:Method 335A, Determination of flexural properties of rigid plastics. BS2782-10, Glass reinforced plastics. BS2782:Method 1006, Determination of volatile matter and resin content of synthetic resin impregnated textile glass fabric. BS3532, Unsaturated polyester resin systems for low pressure fibre reinforced plastics. BS3396-3: 1987 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSIBritishStandardsInstitution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing BritishStandards. It presents the UK view on standa