ASTM F2613-2017a Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Childrens Chairs and Stools《儿童椅凳的标准消费者安全规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2613 17F2613 17aStandard Consumer Safety Specification forChildrens Chairs and Stools1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2613; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with childrens chairs and stoolsthat were identified by the U.S.

3、 Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Incidents identifiedby the CPSC and addressed in this standard involve lacerations, fractures, pinches and amputations ofchildrens fingers in folding mechanisms. This specification also addresses structural integrity andlabeling for the product. This speci

4、fication is not intended to cover childrens chairs and stools that areeither blatantly misused or abused. This specification is written within current state-of-the-artchildrens chairs and stools and is intended to be updated if substantive information becomes availablethat necessitates additional re

5、quirements or justifies revision of existing requirements.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety specification establishes testing requirements for structural integrity and performance requirements forchildrens chairs and stools. It also provides requirements for labeling. The standard does not apply to p

6、roducts used in acommercial setting or to products that do not have a rigid frame such as bean bag chairs or foam chairs. This standard does notapply to seats with restraint systems or childrens potty chairs. The term unit or product will refer to a childs chair or stool.1.2 This specification cover

7、s a chair or stool intended to be used by a single child who can get in and get out of the productunassisted and with a seat height 15 in. or less, with or without a rocking base.1.3 No product produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other mea

8、ns,indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein, before and after alltesting.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are pr

9、ovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determi

10、ne the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations iss

11、uedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Rating Adhesion by Tape TestF404 Consumer Safety Specification for High ChairsF406 Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play YardsF96

12、3 Consumer Safety Specification for Toy SafetyF1561 Performance Requirements for Plastic Chairs for Outdoor Use1 This consumer safety specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.59on Childrens Folding Chairs.

13、Current edition approved June 15, 2017Oct. 1, 2017. Published August 2017October 2017. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 asF2613 16F2613 17.1. DOI: 10.1520/F2613-17.10.1520/F2613-17A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact

14、ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been m

15、ade to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Co

16、pyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.2 Federal Regulations:316 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) Definition of “Flammable Solid”16 CF

17、R 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point In Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use ByChildren Under Eight Years of Age16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended forUse By Children Under Eight Years of A

18、ge16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use By Children Under Three Years of Age WhichPresent Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts2.3 ANSI Standards:4ANSI Z535.4 2011 American National Standard for Product Safety Signs and Labels3. Termin

19、ology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 chairs with side containmenta childrens chair or folding chair with armrests or otherwise designed in a shape whichprovides barriers in the vertical direction above the seating surface to the occupants left and right which can act like ar

20、ms or otherside structures.3.1.2 childrens chair, nseating furniture with a rigid frame that is intended to be used as a support for the body, limbs, or feetof a child when sitting or resting in an upright or reclining position.3.1.3 childrens stool, nchildrens chair without back or armrests.3.1.4 c

21、onspicuous, adjvisible to a person standing near the unit at any one position around the unit but not necessarily visiblefrom all positions, when the unit is in a manufacturers recommended use position with an occupant seated.3.1.5 double action release system, na mechanism requiring either two cons

22、ecutive actions, the first of which must bemaintained while the second is carried out, or two separate and independent simultaneous actions to fully release.3.1.6 folding chair, folding stool, na childrens chair or stool which can be folded for transport or storage.3.1.7 manufacturers recommended us

23、e position, nany position that is presented by the manufacturer in any descriptive orinstructional literature as a normal, allowable, or acceptable configuration for use of the product. This specifically excludespositions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unaccepta

24、ble, unsafe, or not recommended.3.1.8 non-paper label, nlabel material (such as plastic or metal) that either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears leavinga sharply defined edge or labels made from fabric.3.1.9 occupant, nthat individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the man

25、ufacturers recommended use positions.3.1.10 paper label, nany label material that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.3.1.11 rigid frame, na structure or support of stiff materials such as wood, plastic, or metal.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 All testing shall be conduct

26、ed on a concrete floor that may be covered with 18-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl flooring cover, unlesstest instructs differently.4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufactur

27、ing.4.4 The product to be tested shall be preconditioned in a room with ambient temperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least1 h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range.4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit unless o

28、therwise specified.5. General Requirements5.1 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free of splinters.5.2 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before or after testingto this specification.5.3 There shall be no small

29、parts, as defined by 16 CFR 1501, before testing or liberated as a result of testing in accordancewith this specification.3 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.4 Available f

30、rom American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.F2613 17a25.4 The paint and surface coating on the product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.5.5 There shall be no flammable solids as defined in 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) before or after

31、 testing in accordance with thisspecification.5.6 Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with a product, as well as their means of attachment, must meetapplicable requirements of Consumer Safety Specification F963.5.7 Scissoring, Shearing, or Pinching (for folding chairs and folding st

32、ools only)A product, when folded, when beingunfolded, or when in the manufacturers recommended use position, shall be designed and constructed to prevent injury to theoccupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotate about a common axis or fastening point,slide, p

33、ivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall not bepermissible when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe that is greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.50mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout

34、 the range of motion of such parts.5.7.1 Products that fold and that are evaluated per the requirements of 5.8.1 shall be evaluated only when in the manufacturersrecommended use position(s).5.8 Products that FoldProducts that fold shall meet either 5.8.1 or 5.8.2.These requirements are intended to e

35、liminate possiblecrushing, laceration, or pinching hazards that might occur in latching or locking mechanisms and hinges. Examples are the suddencollapse or unexpected motion of a latching or locking mechanism or hinge that produces a scissor action; and the changingclearances at the hinge line betw

36、een two hinged portions, such that the gap will admit fingers at one position of the hinge but notat all positions.5.8.1 Latching and Locking MechanismsProducts shall have a latching or locking mechanism or other means to preventfolding of the product.5.8.1.1 Latching and locking mechanisms and othe

37、r means to prevent folding of the product shall engage automatically whenthe product is placed in any manufacturers recommended use position. Latching and locking mechanisms may be manuallyactivated to allow placement of the product into the use position but must engage automatically when released.

38、During and uponcompletion of the testing in 6.1, the unit shall remain in its recommended use position.5.8.1.2 Products designed with a latching or locking mechanism must meet either 5.8.1.2(1) or 5.8.1.2(2).(1) Products shall be designed with a single action release mechanism that shall not release

39、 when tested in accordance with6.2.(2) Products shall be designed with a double action release system. There are no force requirements for a double action releasesystem.5.8.1.3 No product shall give the appearance of being in any manufacturers recommended use position unless the latching orlocking m

40、echanism is fully engaged.5.8.2 Hinge Line ClearanceProducts shall have adequate clearance to provide protection for the fingers, hands, and toes fromcrushing or laceration in the event of sudden movement or collapse of the product.5.8.2.1 Products having a gap or clearance along the hinge line betw

41、een a stationary portion and a movable portion shall be soconstructed that, if the accessible gap at the hinge line will admit a 316-in. (5-mm) diameter rod, it shall also admit a 12-in. (13-mm)diameter rod at all positions of the hinge. The hinge shall be evaluated along the entire length of the ga

42、p in all positions of thehinge.5.9 Circular Holes in Rigid MaterialsThis requirement is intended to prevent finger entrapment (which may cut off bloodcirculation) in accessible holes in sheet metal and other rigid materials (non-circular holes are believed to present no significanthazard of cutting

43、off blood circulation in entrapped fingers). If an accessible, circular hole in any rigid material less than 0.062 in.(1.58 mm) in thickness can admit a 14-in. (6-mm) diameter rod to a depth of 38 in. (10 mm) or greater, it shall also admit a 12-in.(13-mm) diameter rod. The product shall be evaluate

44、d in all manufacturers recommended use positions.5.9.1 RationaleBased on requirements for toys from Consumer Safety Specification F963, since the age range of childrenusing chairs and stools is similar to that for children using toys.5.10 Labeling:5.10.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) s

45、hall be permanent when tested in accordance with 6.3.5.10.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, woodburning, and so forth shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 6.4.5.10.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small p

46、arts when tested in accordance with 6.5.5.11 Protective ComponentsIf the child can grasp components between the thumb and forefinger or teeth (such as caps,sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points, or entrapment of fingers or toes), or if there is at least a 0.040-in.(1.00-mm)

47、gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested inaccordance with 6.6.5.12 Strength RequirementsProducts shall be tested in accordance with 6.7, and shall not generate any sharp edges, sharpcorners, sharp points, or any scissoring, shearin

48、g or pinch points. The product shall remain functional upon completion of thetesting. Some deformation of the product is permissible provided that the preceding requirements are met. These requirements shallF2613 17a3apply to products with either rigid seating surfaces or sling-type flexible seating

49、 surfaces suspended from a frame (for example,directors chairs) regardless of whether the available seating width of the product is limited by a structure such as arm rests.5.13 StabilityAll products shall not tip over backwards when tested in accordance with 6.8.1 and 6.8.2. Chairs with SideContainment shall not tip over sideways when tested in accordance with 6.8.1 and 6.8.3. Tip over occurs when the product movespast equilibrium and begins to overturn.6. Test Methods6.1 Locking Mechanism Test:6.1.1 Erect the product