ASTM F2613-2011 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Childrens Folding Chairs《儿童折叠椅的消费者安全标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation:F261310 Designation: F2613 11 Standard Consumer Safety Specication for Childrens Folding Chairs 1 This standard is issued under the xed designation F2613; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las

2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. INTRODUCTION ThisconsumersafetyspecicationaddressesincidentsassociatedwithChildrensfoldingchairsthat were identied by the U.S. Cons

3、umer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Incidents identied by the CPSC and addressed in this standard involve lacerations, fractures, pinches and amputations of childrens ngers in folding mechanisms. This specication also addresses structural integrity and labeling for the product. This specication i

4、s not intended to cover childrens folding chairs that are either blatantly misused or abused. This specication is written within current state-of-the-art childrens folding chairs and is intended to be updated if substantive information becomes available that necessitates additional requirements or j

5、usties revision of existing requirements. 1. Scope 1.1 Thisconsumersafetyspecicationestablishestestingrequirementsforstructuralintegrityandperformancerequirementsfor childrens folding chairs. It also provides requirements for labeling. The term unit or product will refer to a childs folding chair. 1

6、.2 This specication covers a folding chair intended to be used by a child with a seat height 15 in. or less. 1.3 No product produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specication shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specication unless it conforms to all

7、applicable requirements contained herein, before and after all testing. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This

8、standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2. Referenced Documents

9、 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test F404 Consumer Safety Specication for High Chairs F406 Consumer Safety Specication for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards F963 Consumer Safety Specication for Toy Safety F1561 Performance Requirements for Plastic Chairs fo

10、r Outdoor Use 2.2 Federal Regulations: 3 16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) Denition of “Flammable Solid” 16 CFR 1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point In Toys and Other Articles Intend

11、ed for Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age 16 CFR 1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or OtherArticles Intended for Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age 1 This consumer safety specication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consu

12、mer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.59 on Childrens Folding Chairs. Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010.Oct. 15, 2011. Published JanuaryDecember 2011. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as F2613 109. DOI: 10.1520/F2613-101. 2 For r

13、eferencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website. 3 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of

14、 Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:/ www.access.gpo.gov. 1 This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because it may not be techni

15、cally possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document. Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO

16、Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and OtherArticles Intended for Use By Children Under Three Years ofAge Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts 3. Terminology 3.1 Denitions of Terms Specic to This

17、 Standard: 3.1.1 conspicuous, adjdescribes a label that is visible, when the unit is in a manufacturers recommended use position, to a person standing near the unit at any one position around the unit but not necessarily visible from all positions. 3.1.2 folding chair , nseating furniture that is in

18、tended to be used as a support for the body, limbs, or feet when sitting or resting in an upright or reclining position and which can be folded for transport or storage. 3.1.3 manufacturers recommended use position, nany position that is presented by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructio

19、nal literature as a normal, allowable, or acceptable conguration for use of the product. This specically excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended. 3.1.4 non-paper label, nlabel material (such as plastic or metal)

20、 that either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears leaving a sharply dened edge or labels made from fabric. 3.1.5 occupant, nthat individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturers recommended use positions. 3.1.6 paper label, nany label material that tears without t

21、he aid of tools and leaves a brous edge. 4. Calibration and Standardization 4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete oor that may be covered with 1 8-in. (3-mm) thick vinyl ooring cover, unless test instructs differently. 4.2 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in

22、 accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing. 4.4 The product to be tested shall be preconditioned in a room with ambient temperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 h prior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within this

23、 temperature range. 4.5 All testing required by this specication shall be conducted on the same unit. 5. General Requirements 5.1 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free of splinters. 5.2 Thereshallbenohazardoussharppointsoredgesasdenedby16CFR1500.48and16CFR1500.49beforeora

24、ftertesting to this specication. 5.3 There shall be no small parts, as dened by 16 CFR 1501, before testing or liberated as a result of testing in accordance with this specication. 5.4 The paint and surface coating on the product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303. 5.5 There shall be no ammable solids as

25、 dened in 16 CFR 1500.3 (c) (6) (vi) before or after testing in accordance with this specication. 5.6 Toy accessories attached to, removable from, or sold with a product, as well as their means of attachment, must meet applicable requirements of Consumer Safety Specication F963. 5.7 Scissoring, Shea

26、ring, or PinchingA product, when folded, when being unfolded, or when in the manufacturers recommended use position, shall be designed and constructed to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or components rotate about a common axis or fastening point

27、, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that may cause injury shall not be permissible when the edges of the rigid parts admit a probe that is greater than 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) diameter at any accessible poin

28、t throughout the range of motion of such parts. 5.7.1 Products with locking mechanisms that meet the requirements of 5.8.3, to prevent folding and unfolding by a child, shall only be evaluated in the manufacturers recommended use position. 5.8 Folding Mechanisms and HingesThese requirements are inte

29、nded to eliminate possible crushing, laceration, or pinching hazards that might occur in folding mechanisms and hinges. Examples are the sudden collapse or unexpected motion of a folding mechanismorhingethatproducesascissoraction;andthechangingclearancesatthehingelinebetweentwohingedportions,such th

30、at the gap will admit ngers at one position of the hinge but not at all positions. 5.8.1 Folding MechanismsProducts shall have a locking device or other means to prevent unexpected or sudden movement or collapse of the product, or have adequate clearance to provide protection for the ngers, hands, a

31、nd toes from crushing or laceration in the event of sudden movement or collapse of the product. 5.8.2 Locking devices and other means to prevent unexpected or sudden movement or collapse of the product shall engage automatically when the product is placed in any manufacturers recommended use positio

32、n. Latches may be manually activated to allow placement into the use position but must engage automatically when released. During and upon completion of the testing in 6.1, the unit shall remain in its recommended use position. 5.8.3 If a unit is designed with a locking device: 5.8.3.1 Each single a

33、ction device shall require a minimum force of 10 lbf (45 N) to activate the release mechanism when tested in accordance with 6.2. F2613 11 25.8.3.2 Each double action locking device shall require either two consecutive actions, the rst of which must be maintained while the second is carried out, or

34、two separate and independent single action locking mechanisms that must be activated simultaneously to fully release. There are no force requirements for locking devices that are double action or are single action that are activated simultaneously. 5.8.4 Hinge Line ClearanceProducts having a gap or

35、clearance along the hinge line between a stationary portion and a movable portion shall be so constructed that, if the accessible gap at the hinge line will admit a 3 16-in. (5-mm) diameter rod, it will also admit a 1 2-in. (13-mm) diameter rod at all positions of the hinge. 5.8.5 No product shall g

36、ive the appearance of being in any manufacturers recommended use position unless the locking device is fully engaged. 5.9 Circular Holes in Rigid MaterialsThis requirement is intended to prevent nger entrapment (which may cut off blood circulation) in accessible holes in sheet metal and other rigid

37、materials (non-circular holes are believed to present no signicant hazard of cutting off blood circulation in entrapped ngers). If an accessible, circular hole in any rigid material less than 0.062 in. (1.58 mm) in thickness can admit a 1 4-in. (6-mm) diameter rod to a depth of 3 8 in. (10 mm) or gr

38、eater, it shall also admit a 1 2-in. (13-mm) diameter rod. The product shall be evaluated in all manufacturers recommended use positions. 5.9.1 RationaleBased on requirements for toys from Consumer Safety Specication F963, since the age range of children using folding chairs is similar to that for c

39、hildren using toys. 5.10 Labeling: 5.10.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non-paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 6.3. 5.10.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood burning, and so forth shall be perman

40、ent when tested in accordance with 6.4. 5.10.3 Non-paper labels shall not liberate small parts when tested in accordance with 6.5. 5.11 Protective ComponentsIf the child can grasp components between the thumb and forenger or teeth (such as caps, sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges

41、, points, or entrapment of ngers or toes), or if there is at least a 0.040-in. (1.00-mm) gap between the component and its adjacent parent component, such component shall not be removed when tested in accordance with 6.6. 5.12 Strength RequirementsFolding chairs shall be tested in accordance with 6.

42、7, and shall not generate any sharp edges, sharp corners, sharp points, or any scissoring, shearing or pinch points. The product shall remain functional upon completion of the testing. Some deformation of the chair is permissible provided that the preceding requirements are met. These requirements s

43、hall apply to folding chairs with either rigid seating surfaces or sling-type exible seating surfaces suspended from a frame (for example, directors chairs) regardless of whether the available seating width of the chair is limited by a structure such as arm rests. 6. Test Methods 6.1 Locking Mechani

44、sms: 6.1.1 Erect the product in accordance with any manufacturers instructions. 6.1.2 Secure the product so that the normal folding motion is not impeded. 6.1.3 Apply a force of 45 lbf (200 N) to the product in the direction normally associated with folding.Apply the force gradually over a 5-s perio

45、d and maintain for an additional 10 s before releasing the force. 6.1.4 Perform this procedure ve times within a 2-min period. 6.2 Locking Test MethodWith the product in each of the manufacturers recommended use positions, gradually apply a force of 10 lbf (45 N) to the locking mechanism in the dire

46、ction tending to unlock it. The locking mechanism shall not unlock until a minimum force of 10 lbf (45 N) has been achieved. 6.3 Permanency of Labels and Warnings: 6.3.1 A paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it without the a

47、id of tools or solvents, it cannot be removed, it tears into pieces upon removal, or such action damages the surface to which it is attached. 6.3.2 A non-paper label (excluding labels attached by a seam) shall be considered permanent if, during an attempt to remove it without the aid of tools or sol

48、vents, it cannot be removed or such action damages the surface to which it is attached. 6.3.3 Awarning label attached by a seam shall be considered permanent if it does not detach when subjected to a 15-lbf (67-N) pull force applied in any direction most likely to cause failure using a 3 4-in. (19-m

49、m) diameter clamp surface (see Fig. 1). Gradually apply the force over 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s. 6.4 Adhesion test for warnings applied directly onto the surface of the product. 6.4.1 Apply the tape test dened in Test Method BCross-Cut Tape Test of Test Methods D3359, eliminating parallel cuts. 6.4.2 Perform this test once in each different location where warnings are applied. 6.4.3 The warning statements shall be considered permanent if the printing in the area tested is st