ASTM F2372-2015 Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Shopping Carts《购物车的消费者安全标准性能规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2372 15Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification forShopping Carts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2372; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A numbe

2、r in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety specification is intended to address injuries to children associated with fallsfrom shopping carts. Based on data from

3、the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC)National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), falls are among the leading causes of headinjuries to young children. The most common injury resulted when a child fell or climbed out of ashopping cart because the restraint system was not bein

4、g used. Falls from shopping carts most oftenoccur when children stand up in the child seat or the cart basket. Falls also occur when children climbon the outside of the cart and cause the cart to tip over. Falls from the child seat occur when thechildren are not buckled or when they wriggle out of,

5、or unbuckle, the seat restraints. Children can alsofall from or with an infant seat, infant carrier, or a car seat placed on the cart seat.NoteThis consumer safety performance specification is not intended to address incidents andinjuries resulting from the interaction of other persons with children

6、 in shopping carts or incidentsresulting from unforeseeable abuse or misuse.This consumer safety performance specification is written within the current state of the art ofshopping cart technology. It is intended that this specification will be updated whenever substantiveinformation becomes availab

7、le which necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision ofexisting requirements.1. Scope1.1 This consumer safety performance specification coversperformance requirements, test methods, and labeling require-ments for shopping carts and restraint systems.1.2 This specification is inten

8、ded to cover children who areat least six months of age and at least 15 lb (7 kg) up to childrenwho are not more than four years of age and who weigh nomore than 35 lb (16 kg).1.3 This specification does not include any provisions nor isintended for use of infant carriers.1.4 No shopping cart or res

9、traint system produced after theapproval date of this consumer safety performance specifica-tion shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliancewith this specification unless it conforms to all requirementsherein.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The

10、 values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of

11、 the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Mea

12、suring Adhesion by Tape Test2.2 European Standard:3EN 1929-1:1998 Basket trolleys. Requirements and tests forbasket trolleys with or without a child carrying facility1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommitt

13、ee F15.56 onShopping Carts.Current edition approved March 15, 2015. Published April 2015. Last previousedition approved in 2011 as F2372 11a. DOI: 10.1520/F2372-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Boo

14、k of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), AvenueMarnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http:/www.cen.eu or British StandardsInstitution (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd., London W4 4A

15、L, U.K., http:/.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States12.3 Federal Standards:416 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-ticles Intended for Use by Children under 3 Years of Agewhich Present Choking, Aspiration, or

16、Ingestion Hazardsbecause of Small Parts16 CFR 1700 Poison Prevention Packaging Act42.4 Other Document:CRABI 12 Dummy 49 CFR 572, subpart R (see Fig. 1)3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 child-resistant buckles, nbuckles, closures, orequivalent that adults can oper

17、ate, yet exceed the capabilitiesof a high percentage of children in the occupant age range asstated in 1.2.3.1.2 conspicuous, nlabel that is visible, when the unit isin a manufacturers recommended use position, to a personstanding near the unit at any one position around the unit butnot necessarily

18、visible from all positions.3.1.3 label, nany label material (such as plastic or metal)that either will not tear without the aid of tools or tears leavinga sharply defined edge.3.1.4 restraint system, napparatus generally used as ameans of limiting movement of a child occupant.3.1.5 shopping cart, nn

19、on-motorized, wheeled vehiclegenerally used for the transport of items by customers whileshopping in self-service stores.3.1.6 shopping cart stability, nthe steadfast state of ashopping cart that it will not tip over in the normal use oftransporting merchandise and occupant children when seated ina

20、designated seating area.4. Calibration and Standardization4.1 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless other-wise noted, in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.4.2 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-turing.4.3 The product to be tested shall be in a room with anambi

21、ent temperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 hbefore testing. Testing shall then be conducted within thistemperature range.5. General Requirements5.1 Labeling:5.1.1 Warning labels shall be permanent when tested inaccordance with 7.5.5.1.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surfaceof

22、 the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, silkscreening, and so forth shall be permanent when tested inaccordance with 7.5.5.1.3 Labels shall not liberate small parts when tested inaccordance with 7.5.3.6. Performance Requirements6.1 Rolling QualityThe cart shall be fitted with at least

23、four wheels, of which at least two shall be able to swivel.6.2 Restraining System:6.2.1 All shopping carts with a child seating area must havean adjustable child restraint system. The shopping carts childrestraint system and occupant retention capabilities shallinclude, but not be limited to a mid-t

24、orso strap or otheradjustable restraining device designed to restrain the child,when tested in accordance with 7.2 and 7.3.6.2.2 The shopping cart shall have a passive crotch restraint.6.2.3 The child restraint system shall use child-resistantbuckles, closures, or equivalent that adults can operate,

25、 yetexceed the capabilities of a high percentage of children in theoccupant age range as stated in 1.2 when tested in accordancewith 7.4.6.2.4 The restraint system shall be permanently attached tothe shopping cart in such a manner that it will not becomedetached through normal use. The anchorages fo

26、r the restraintsystem shall not separate from their attachment points whentested in accordance with 7.2.6.2.5 The restraint system and its closing means (forexample, buckle) shall not break, separate, or permit removalof the CRABI 12 test dummy from the child seating compart-ment when tested in acco

27、rdance with 7.3.6.3 Shopping Cart StabilityThe shopping cart shall nottopple over when tested in accordance with 7.6.4Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents,732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.FIG. 1 CRABI 12 DummyF2372 1527. Test Methods7

28、.1 If during the course of conducting the test methods inthis safety specification, a test model suffers any permanentdeformation or damage, an additional test model of the samemodel shall be used for the remainder of the test methods.7.2 Restraint System Integrity Test:7.2.1 Secure the shopping car

29、t so that it cannot movevertically or horizontally. Secure sections of the folding childseat and gate as needed before testing.7.2.2 Apply a force of 45 lbf (200 N) to a single attachmentpoint of the restraint system in the normal use direction(s) sothat stress would be applied to that attachment. G

30、raduallyapply the force within 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s.7.2.3 Repeat 7.2.2 for a total of five times with a maximuminterval of 5 s between tests.7.2.4 Repeat 7.2.2 and 7.2.3 for each attachment point of therestraint system.7.3 Restraint System Occupant Retention Test:7.3.1 Secure the

31、shopping cart so that it cannot movevertically or horizontally. Secure sections of the folding childseat and gate as needed before testing.7.3.2 Place a CRABI 12 Dummy (see Fig. 1) in the childseat. The Dummy is to be unclothed.7.3.2.1 Apply and adjust the restraint system to the intendeduse positio

32、n to properly restrain the occupant.7.3.2.2 Adjust the waist restraint using the webbing tensionpull device shown in Fig. 2 so that a force of 2 lbf (9 N) appliedto the waist restraint will provide at least a14-in. (6-mm) spacebetween the waist restraint and the CRABI 12 dummy.7.3.3 Perform the foll

33、owing tests without readjusting therestraint system:7.3.3.1 Apply a pull force of 45 lbf (200 N) horizontally onthe approximate centerline of either leg of the dummy. Gradu-ally apply the force within 5 s and maintain for an additional 10s.7.3.3.2 Repeat 7.3.3.1 four times with a maximum intervalof

34、2 s between tests.7.3.3.3 Apply a pull force of 45 lbf (200 N) verticallyupwards in line with the approximate centerline of the dum-mys torso. Gradually apply the force within 5 s and maintainfor an additional 10 s.7.3.3.4 Repeat 7.3.3.3 four times with a maximum intervalof 2 s between tests.7.4 Chi

35、ld-Resistance Effectiveness and Adult-Use Effective-ness:NOTE 1Dimension A: Width of webbing plus18 in. (3 mm).NOTE 2Dimension B: One half of Dimension A.FIG. 2 Webbing Tension Pull DeviceF2372 1537.4.1 Buckles, closures, or equivalent shall be tested inparallel with 16 CFR 1700.7.5 Permanency of La

36、bels and Warnings:7.5.1 A label shall be considered permanent if, during anattempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, itcannot be removed or such action damages the surface towhich it is attached.7.5.2 Adhesion test for warnings applied directly onto thesurface of the product.7.5.2.1

37、 Apply the tape test defined in Test MethodBCross-Cut Tape Test, from Test Methods D3359, eliminat-ing parallel cuts.7.5.2.2 Perform this test method once in each differentlocation where warnings are applied.7.5.2.3 The warning statements will be considered perma-nent if the printing in the area tes

38、ted is still legible and attachedafter being subjected to this test.7.5.3 A label, during an attempt to remove it without the aidof tools or solvents, shall not be removed or shall not fitentirely within the small parts cylinder defined in 16 CFR 1501if it can be removed.7.6 Shopping Cart StabilityS

39、hopping carts shall be testedin accordance with EN 1929-1:1998, Clause 5.4 for type BTrolleys (shopping carts).8. Marking and Labeling8.1 Each shopping cart and restraint system and its retailcarton, if applicable, shall be marked clearly and legibly toindicate the following:8.1.1 Name of manufactur

40、er, importer, distributor, or seller.8.1.2 Model number, stock number, catalog number, itemnumber, type, company trademark/ID, or other symbol ex-pressed numerically, or otherwise, such that only articles ofidentical construction, change the model number (etc.) when-ever a significant structural or

41、design modification is made thateffects its conformance with this consumer safety specification.8.1.3 Code mark or other means that identifies the date(month and year as a minimum) manufactured.8.2 Each shopping cart shall have warning statements. Thewarning statements shall be in contrasting color(

42、s), permanent,conspicuous, and sans serif style font.8.2.1 In warning statements, the safety alert symbol “”and the word “WARNING” shall not be less than 0.2 in. (5mm) high. The remainder of the text shall be characters whoseupper case shall be at least 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) high.8.2.2 The shopping cart

43、shall have the following warningstatements and symbols as shown in Fig. 4 as a minimum.8.2.3 The safety alert symbol and word “WARNING” andthe signal word panel shall be in contrasting colors or contrastwith the background color in the base material.8.2.4 The message and symbol/pictorial panels shal

44、l be incontrasting colors or contrast with the background color in thebase material.8.3 State or local laws may require a special notice beplaced on the shopping cart. This notice may appear on thewarning label seat flap above or below the warning shown inFig. 4, or as the example shown in Fig. 5, o

45、r be placed atanother location on the shopping cart as may be required.FIG. 3 Label Permanency Test ClampF2372 1548.4 Promotional messages, store names, and safety prompt-ing messages may appear on the restraint and the shopping cartin addition to 8.2.2 and in accordance with 7.5.8.5 Shopping carts

46、and restraint systems meeting all parts ofthis specification shall be labeled “Meets ASTM F2372.”9. Operation9.1 Manufacturer Responsibilities:9.1.1 Instructional LiteratureThe manufacturer shall pro-vide instructions with the product shipment in the Englishlanguage that shall be easy to read and un

47、derstand. Theseinstructions shall include where applicable, the following:9.1.1.1 Installation and assembly.9.1.1.2 Include the statement: The recommended child oc-cupant age and weight requirements for shopping carts arechildren who are at least six months of age and at least 15 lb(7 kg) up to chil

48、dren who are not more than four years of ageand who weigh no more than 35 lb (16 kg).9.1.1.3 Repeat warnings in 8.2.2.9.1.1.4 Safety inspection criteria.FIG. 4 Warning Statements and SymbolsFIG. 5 XYZ CaptionF2372 1559.1.1.5 Maintenance recommendations.9.1.1.6 Include the statement: Remove any shopp

49、ing cartfrom service (consumer use/any use), if it is found to bedamaged or it fails one or more checks of 9.1.1.4 (safetyinspection criteria) until repair or replacement can be made.9.1.1.7 Safe use guidelines (dos and donts).9.1.1.8 A phone number, E-mail address, or facsimile num-ber to be used by retailer to ask questions, or to seek assistancein regard to shopping carts and restraint systems.9.1.2 Restraint system manufacturers shall provide instruc-tional literature in accordance with 9.1.1 in each retailershipping carton contai