ASTM F2264-2009a Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Powered Scooters《无动力装置的小型摩托车的消费者安全标准》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2264 09aStandard Consumer Safety Specification forNon-Powered Scooters1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2264; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in

2、parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis consumer safety performance specification addresses scooter incidents that were identified bythe Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).

3、With the recent introduction and popularity ofnew lightweight scooters, related injuries to children less than 15 years old have dramaticallyincreased. The purpose of this consumer safety specification is to establish nationally recognizedsafety requirements for nonpowered scooters.1. Scope1.1 This

4、consumer safety specification covers establishmentof performance requirements, test methods, and labeling re-quirements to minimize the hazards to users of scooters asidentified in the introduction.1.2 This specification is intended to cover use of thisproduct for children ages 5 years and older.1.3

5、 No scooter produced after the approval date of thisspecification shall, either by label or other means, indicatecompliance with this specification unless it conforms to allrequirements herein.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses ar

6、e mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 7, of this consumer safety speci-fication: This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety co

7、ncerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhe

8、sion by Tape Test2.2 Federal Standards:16 CFR-1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and CertainConsumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint16 CFR-1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations, in-cluding sections:1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Point in Toys or Other Articles Intend

9、ed for Use byChildren Under Eight Years of Age1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining aSharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other ArticlesIntended for Use by Children Under Eight Years of Age1500.50-53 Tests Methods for Simulating Use and Abuseof Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Ch

10、ildren3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 conspicuous, adja label that is visible when the unitis assembled.3.1.2 deck, nthe generally low horizontal platform on ascooter upon which the user places one or both feet.3.1.3 dynamic load, nforce applied to an item by m

11、eansof motion or impact.3.1.4 manufacturers recommended use position, nanyposition that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptableconfiguration for use of the product by the manufacturer in anydescriptive or instructional literature. This specifically ex-cludes conditions such as when the sc

12、ooter is unassembled(completely or partially) or folded, and positions that themanufacturer shows or explains as being unacceptable, unsafe,or not recommended.3.1.5 protective components, nspecific items added to aproduct with the primary purpose of reducing a hazard such assharp edges, entrapment h

13、oles, protrusions, etc.; normally thesecomponents cover or shield the area of the hazard.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.52 onScooters.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published January

14、 2010. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2264 09. DOI:10.1520/F2264-09A.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the sta

15、ndards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.6 scooter, na vehicle that has two or more wheels, alow platform, a vertical element for the user to grasp, and amethod of steering a

16、nd is propelled by the user pushing onefoot against the ground with the other foot resting on theplatform.3.1.7 static load, na vertically downward load applied bya dead weight or other means.4. General Testing Requirements4.1 The unit shall be completely assembled, unless other-wise noted, in accor

17、dance with the manufacturers instructions.4.2 The product to be tested shall be in a room with anambient temperature of 73 6 9F (23 6 5C) for at least 1 hprior to testing. Testing shall then be conducted within thistemperature range unless a test specifically requires anothertemperature.4.3 All test

18、ing required by this specification shall be con-ducted on the same unit unless otherwise specified (see 7.1).5. General Requirements5.1 The unit shall conform to the federal regulations speci-fied in 2.2 of this specification both before and after all testing.5.2 Prior to testing, any exposed parts

19、shall be smooth andfree of splinters, spurs, and burrs.5.3 Latching MechanismsAny unit that folds shall have alatching device or other provision in the design that willprevent the unit from unintentional folding when properlyplaced in the manufacturers recommended use position. Prod-ucts with latchi

20、ng devices for prevention of unintentionalfolding shall be tested in accordance with 7.9. During and uponcompletion of this test, the unit shall remain latched in itsmanufacturers recommended use position.5.4 Folding Mechanisms, Hinges, and ClearancesThisrequirement is intended to eliminate possible

21、 crushing, lacera-tion, or pinching hazards that might occur in folding mecha-nisms and hinges. Examples are the motion of a hinge thatproduces a scissor action and the changing clearances at thehinge line between two hinged portions, such that the gap willadmit fingers at one position of the hinge

22、but not at allpositions. This requirement is also intended to eliminatepossible hazards that may be caused by changing clearances.The different pinch clearance requirements listed reflect thedifferent modes of entrapment or pinching that may be encoun-tered. Scooters shall meet these requirements af

23、ter they aretested in accordance with Section 7.5.4.1 Hinge-Line ClearanceScooters having a gap orclearance along the hinge line between a stationary portion anda moveable portion that weighs more than12 lb (0.2 kg) shallbe so constructed that, if the accessible gap at the hinge linewill admit a316-

24、in. (5-mm) diameter rod, it will also admit a12-in. (13-mm)diameter rod at all positions of the hinge.5.4.2 Accessible Clearances for Moveable SegmentsThisrequirement concerns clearances between movable segmentson scooters intended for children, where the potential forpinching or crushing fingers or

25、 other appendages exists. Itincludes, but is not limited to, wheels and rigid-wheel wells,fenders, or the radial clearance between the wheels and chassisof scooters. If such accessible clearances admit a316-in.(5-mm) diameter rod, they shall also admit a12-in. (13-mm)diameter rod in order to prevent

26、 the trapping of fingers.5.4.3 Inaccessibility of MechanismsMechanisms in scoot-ers shall not have any accessible part of the mechanism presenta pinch or laceration hazard.5.5 LabelingWarning labels or warnings applied directlyonto the surface of the product shall be permanent when testedin accordan

27、ce with 7.10.6. Performance Requirements6.1 All components specified under Test Methods 7.1-7.7shall not show any evidence of material separation, visiblecracking, or component failure that presents a hazard to theuser. Permanent deformation of the scooter deck shall beallowed after the test, provid

28、ed there is no contact with theground by any structural or rigid component when the scooteris stood upright, resting on all wheels with the steering in theforward direction.6.2 Brakes (for Scooters with Brakes)The braking system(hand or foot operated) shall prevent the scooters wheel fromrotating mo

29、re than14 revolution when tested in accordancewith 7.8.7. Test Methods7.1 If, during the course of conducting the test methods inthis safety specification, a test sample suffers any permanentdeformation or damage, an additional test sample of the samemodel shall be used for the remainder of the test

30、 methods.7.2 Deck Test:7.2.1 Apply a static load of three times the manufacturersmaximum specified weight limit, or 600 lb (273 kg) if there isno maximum specified weight limit, to a nominal 6 by 6 by2-in. (15 by 15 by 5-cm) wooden block centered between thefront and rear axles of the scooter and ce

31、ntered axially. Theload shall be applied for a period of 5 min.7.3 Handle/Stem Compression Test:7.3.1 Close the handle bar/stem adjustment lock in theuppermost position according to the manufacturers instruc-tions. If a quick release mechanism is used (that is, no toolsrequired), the maximum force u

32、sed to close the quick releaseshall not exceed 15 lbf (67 N) when applied to a point14 in. (6mm) from the end of the lever.7.3.2 Apply a static 100-lb (45-kg) load in compression tothe center top of the handlebar gradually over a period of 5 sand maintain for 10 s.7.4 Handle/Stem Fatigue Test:7.4.1

33、Secure the deck of the scooter so that it cannot moveand the front wheel so that it cannot rotate about its steeringaxis.7.4.2 Apply a 60-lb (267 N) total force 1 in. (2.5 cm) fromthe ends of both hand grips in the upward/rearward direction,45 from vertical, then in the opposite (downward/forward)di

34、rection.7.4.3 Repeat 7.4.2 for 5000 cycles, not to exceed 1 cycle persecond.7.5 Grip Retention Test/Handle Retention Test:7.5.1 Apply a 15-lbf (67 N) to the grips along the axis of thehandlebar gradually over a period of 5 s and maintain for 10 s.7.6 Curb Impact Test:F2264 09a27.6.1 Apply a weight t

35、o the center of the deck area equiva-lent to the manufacturers specified upper weight limit or, if notspecified, 200 lb (91 kg).7.6.2 Drive scooter into a 6-in (15-cm) high vertical fixedcurb at 6.6 ft/s (2m/s).7.6.3 Repeat 7.6.2 for a total of three times.7.7 Dynamic Strength Test:7.7.1 Apply a wei

36、ght equivalent to the manufacturersspecified upper weight limit or, if not specified, 200 lb (91 kg),to a nominal 6 by 6 by 2-in. (15 by 15 by 5-cm) wooden blockcentered between the front and rear axles of the scooter andcentered axially. The weight and block should be secured toeach other and to th

37、e deck of the scooter.7.7.2 Drop the product such that the front wheel(s) is 6 in.(15 cm) from the surface and the rear wheel(s) is 12 in. (30 cm)from the surface. The surface shall consist of vinyl-tile overconcrete.7.7.3 Repeat 7.7.2 for a total of three times. If the weight orblock, or both, shif

38、ts after any drop, they shall be repositionedper 7.7.1 prior to performing any subsequent drops.7.7.4 Repeat 7.7.2 and 7.7.3 for opposite wheel, such thatthe rear wheel(s) is 6 in. (15 cm) from the surface and the frontwheel(s) is 12 in. (30 cm) from the surface.7.8 Brake Test:7.8.1 Hand Brakes:7.8.

39、1.1 Place the scooter on a smooth surface inclined 10 tothe horizontal plane.7.8.1.2 Apply a 110-lb (50-kg) static load to the deck of thescooter. The load shall be applied to the center of the deck withthe major axis perpendicular to the true horizontal.7.8.1.3 Apply a force of 15 lbf (67 N) to the

40、 hand-brakinglever with the lever adjusted in accordance with the manufac-turers recommended use position.NOTE 115 lb is based on gripping strength of a 5-year-old.7.8.1.4 Observe and record any movement.7.8.2 Foot Brakes:7.8.2.1 Place the scooter on a smooth surface inclined 10 tothe horizontal pla

41、ne.7.8.2.2 Apply a static load of 30 lb (14 kg) to the deck of thescooter. The load shall be applied to the center of the deck withthe major axis perpendicular to the true horizontal.7.8.2.3 Apply a static load of 18 lb (8 kg) to the foot brake.7.8.2.4 Observe and record any movement.7.8.2.5 Repeat

42、steps 7.8.2.1-7.8.2.4 with a 150-lb (68-kg)static load to the deck and a 90-lb (41-kg) static load to the footbrake.NOTE 2The deck forces represent a 5th-percentile 5-year-old and a95th-percentile 14-year-old, respectively; the brake forces represent 60 %of the deck weight to simulate the shift in t

43、he riders weight required toapply the brakes.7.9 Latching Mechanisms for Prevention of UnintentionalFolding:7.9.1 Erect the product in accordance with the manufactur-ers instructions.7.9.2 Place the product in the manufacturers recommendeduse position so that the normal folding motion is not impeded

44、.7.9.3 Apply a force of 200 lbf (880 N) at the locationnormally associated with the folding action and in the directionnormally associated with folding the product in accordancewith the manufacturers instructions. Gradually apply the forcewithin 5 s and maintain for an additional 10 s. Do not apply

45、thisforce to the latching or unlatching means itself.7.9.4 Repeat 7.9.3 for a total of five times within 2 min.7.9.5 Fold the unit in accordance with the manufacturersinstructions and repeat 7.9.1-7.9.3 one additional time.7.10 Test Method for Warning Labels:7.10.1 A label shall be considered perman

46、ent if, during anattempt to remove it without the aid of tools or solvents, itcannot be removed, it tears into pieces upon removal, or suchaction damages the surface to which it is attached.7.10.2 Adhesion Test Method for Warnings Applied Directlyto the Surface of the Product:7.10.2.1 Apply the tape

47、 test method defined in Test MethodB of Test Methods D3359 eliminating the parallel cuts.7.10.2.2 Perform this test method once in each differentlocation where warnings are applied.7.10.2.3 The warning statements will be considered perma-nent if the printing in the area tested is still legible and a

48、ttachedafter being subjected to this test.8. Marking and Labeling8.1 Each product and its retail carton shall be markedclearly and legibly to indicate the following:8.1.1 Name and place (city, state, and mailing address,including zip code) of business, manufacturer, importer, dis-tributor, or seller

49、.8.1.2 Model number, stock number, catalog number, itemnumber, or other symbol expressed numerically, or otherwise.8.2 Code mark or other means that identifies the date(month and year at a minimum) manufactured shall be on theproduct.8.3 Each product shall have warning statements. The warn-ing statements shall be in contrasting color(s), permanent,conspicuous, and in sans serif style font.8.3.1 In warning statements, the safety alert symbol “”and the word “WARNING” shall not be less than 0.2 in. (5mm) high. The remainder of the text shall