ASTM D6426-2013 1875 Standard Test Method for Determining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils《测定中间馏出燃料油可过滤性的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D6426 13Standard Test Method forDetermining Filterability of Middle Distillate Fuel Oils1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6426; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis

2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining thefilterability of distillate fuel oils within the viscosity range from1.7

3、0 to 6.20 mm2/s (cSt) at 40C.NOTE 1ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this testmethod are Specification D396 Grade Nos. 1 and 2, Specification D975Grades 1-D, low sulfur 1-D, 2-D, and low sulfur 2-D, and SpecificationD2880 Grade Nos. 1-GT and 2-GT.1.2 This test method is not applic

4、able to fuels that containundissolved water.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.3.1 Units of pressure are also provided in inch-pound forinformation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is therespon

5、sibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D396 Specification for Fuel OilsD975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD2880 Specification fo

6、r Gas Turbine Fuel OilsD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4176 Test Method for Free Water and Particulate Contami-nation in Distillate Fuels (Visual Inspection Procedures)D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4860 Test Method for

7、Free Water and Particulate Contami-nation in Middle Distillate Fuels (Clear and Bright Nu-merical Rating)2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:ADJ6300 D2PP, Version 4.43, Determination of Precisionand Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for PetroleumProducts33. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standar

8、d:3.1.1 filterability, na measure of the rapidity with which astandard filter medium is plugged by insoluble matter in fueland may be described as a function of pressure or volume:3.1.2 filterability (by pressure), nthe pressure drop acrossa filter medium when 300 mL of fuel is passed at a rate of 2

9、0mL/min.3.1.3 filterability (by volume), nthe volume of fuel passedwhen a pressure of 104 kPa (15 psig) is reached.3.1.3.1 DiscussionFilterability by volume is used whenless than 300 mL passes at a pressure up to 104 kPa (15 psig).3.1.4 filterability quality factor (F-QF), na value thatdefines the f

10、ilter plugging tendency of a fuel caused byparticulates.3.1.4.1 DiscussionThe F-QF value is calculated using thevolume and pressure attained at the end of the test cycle,according to one of two equations, depending on the outcomeof the test. (See Section 10, Calculations.)4. Summary of Test Method4.

11、1 A sample is passed at a constant rate (20 mL/min)through a standard porosity filter medium. The pressure dropacross the filter and the volume of filtrate are monitored. Thetest is concluded either when the pressure drop across the filterexceeds 104 kPa (15 psig) or when 300 mL have passedthrough t

12、he filter.4.2 Results are reported as either the volume that has passedthrough the filter when a pressure of 104 kPa (15 psig) has beenreached or the pressure drop when 300 mL have passedthrough the filter.4.3 Verification of the apparatus is required when there is adoubt of a test result, or when t

13、he apparatus has not been used1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.Current edition approved July 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Origina

14、llyapproved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D6426 07. DOI:10.1520/D6426-13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document

15、 Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD6300.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1for three mon

16、ths or more. It is not necessary to verify apparatusperformance prior to each test.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is intended for use in the laboratory orfield in evaluating distillate fuel cleanliness.5.2 A change in filtration performance after storage,pretreatment, or commingling can

17、 be indicative of changes infuel condition.5.3 Relative filterability of fuels may vary depending onfilter porosity and structure and may not always correlate withresults from this test method.5.4 Causes of poor filterability in industrial/refinery filtersinclude fuel degradation products, contamina

18、nts picked upduring storage or transfer, incompatibility of commingledfuels, or interaction of the fuel with the filter media. Any ofthese could correlate with orifice or filter system plugging, orboth.6. Apparatus6.1 Micro-Filter Analyzer:4NOTE 2The Micro-Filter can display the pressure in either k

19、Pa or psigunits by changing an internal jumper wire.6.1.1 The apparatus is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 1 andphotographically in Fig. 2. It is capable of measuring pressureupstream of the filtering element and the volume of samplepassed through the filter at a preset pressure level. Theapparatus i

20、s comprised of the following parts:6.1.1.1 Peristaltic Pump, variable speed/flow rate, withfeedback speed control, adjusted to provide fuel delivery at aconstant rate of 20 6 1 mL/min, and incorporating a pulsedampening mechanism to produce a smooth flow.6.1.1.2 Pressure TransducerPressure transduce

21、r capableof measuring gauge pressure in the range from 0 to 104 kPa, in1.0 kPa increments (0 to 15 psig, in 0.1 psig increments).6.1.1.3 Three Digital DisplaysOne for pressure readoutcapable of interfacing with transducer (see 6.1.1.2) withdisplay range from 0 to 104 kPa in 1.0 kPa increments (0 to

22、15psig in 0.1 psig increments), one for volume readout withdisplay range from 0 to 300 mL in 1 mL increments, and onefor F-QF.6.1.1.4 Fuel Reservoir ContainerPTFE-fluorocarbon,funnel shaped, 500 mL capacity.6.1.1.5 Collection ContainerGlass or plastic Erlenmeyerflask, 500-mL capacity.6.1.1.6 Tygon T

23、ubing,5fuel compatible, 3.1-mm (0.12-in.)inner diameter.6.1.1.7 Plastic In-line Splice Coupler, fuel compatible, ca-pable of being inserted into, and making a seal in Tygon tubing(see 6.1.1.6).6.1.1.8 Plastic Tee Coupler, fuel compatible, capable ofbeing inserted into, and making a seal in Tygon tub

24、ing (see6.1.1.6).6.1.1.9 Plastic Luer-Loc Coupler, fuel compatible, one endcapable of being inserted into, and making a seal in Tygontubing (see 6.1.1.6) and the other end into filter unit (see 6.2).6.2 FCell (trademarked)6Filter UnitDisposable, precali-brated assembly consisting of a shell and plug

25、 containing a25-mm diameter nylon membrane filter of nominal 5.0-mpore size, nominal 60 % porosity, with a 158.9-mm2effectivefiltering area. It is labeled in a white background with blacklettering:D6426, DIESEL (5.0), FCell6.3 Accessories for Apparatus Verification Test:6.3.1 Measuring Cylinder, 500

26、-mL capacity, with 1-mLgraduations.4The sole source of supply of the apparatus (Model 1143 Micro-Filter Analyzer)known to the committee at this time is available from EMCEE Electronics, Inc., 520Cypress Ave., Venice, FL 34292. If you are aware of alternate suppliers, pleaseprovide this information t

27、o ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments willreceive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,which you may attend.5Tygon tubing was used in the round robin test program to generate the precisionand bias. Tygon is available from most laboratory supply houses.

28、6A registered trademark of EMCEE Electronics, Inc., 520 Cypress Ave., Venice,FL 34285.NOTE 1Fuel flow from reservoir, through pump, to container.FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of Filterability ApparatusD6426 1326.3.2 Pressure Gauge, 350-kPa (50-psig) capability, gradu-ations 0.5 kPa (0.1 psig).6.3.3 Tempe

29、rature Measuring Device, having a range of 0 to60C and accurate to 0.5C. Temperature measuring devicesthat cover the temperature range of interest, such as liquid-in-glass thermometers, thermocouples, or platinum resistancethermometers that provide equivalent or better accuracy andprecision may be u

30、sed.7. Sampling7.1 The fuel sample from which an aliquot is being drawnfor the purposes of this test shall be representative of the lot offuel. Obtain the sample in accordance with the procedures ofPractice D4057 or D4177, and report (see 11.1.1) how andfrom where it was obtained. The maximum sample

31、 size isdictated by the quantity that can be mixed thoroughly (see 9.3).7.2 If any undissolved water is visually apparent (as deter-mined by Test Method D4176 or D4860, or both), discard andreplace with a fresh sample.7.3 After thoroughly mixing, if the sample container such asa drum is too large to

32、 readily handle, use an epoxy-lined can ordark glass bottle as a transfer container to store an aliquot ofthe test sample. Prior to drawing the aliquot, rinse the transfercontainer three times with the product to be tested. Draw arepresentative 1 to 2-L aliquot from the sample container intoa transf

33、er container. (WarningBecause the situations underwhich samples are taken vary from laboratory to laboratory andfrom situation to situation, no firm recommendation for sam-pling can be given. It is the responsibility of the user of this testmethod to ensure the aliquot used in the test is representa

34、tiveof the lot of fuel.)8. Preparation of Apparatus8.1 Locate the apparatus on a level surface in an area wherethe temperature is between 15 and 25C (59 and 77F).8.2 Open the case, and assemble the apparatus as shown inFig. 2. If the Tygon tubing (see 6.1.1.6) is not attached asshown, carry out 8.2.

35、1 to 8.2.2.8.2.1 Attach one end of the Tygon tubing to the fuelreservoir container (6.1.1.4) and insert the plastic in-line splicecoupler (6.1.1.7) into the other end.8.2.2 Insert the plastic in-line coupler into another piece ofTygon tubing, thread the tubing in the peristaltic pump (see6.1.1.1), a

36、s shown in Fig. 3, and clamp it in place by movingthe lever arm counterclockwise.NOTE 3The splice fitting prevents the tubing from being pulled intothe pump during operation. This also allows easy replacement of theportion of the tubing that is depressed by the pump rollers. To extend thelife of the

37、 Tygon tubing, when not in use, leave the clamp open or removethe tubing from the pump.8.2.3 Insert one end of the horizontal section of the plastictee coupler (6.1.1.8) into the tubing that is clamped in the pumpand attach two other sections of tubing to the other parts of thetee.8.2.4 Connect the

38、tubing that is connected to the perpen-dicular part of the tee to the pressure transducer. Insert the hosebarbered portion of the Luer-Loc coupler (6.1.1.9) into theother section of tubing that is connected to the in-line part ofthe tee.8.3 Attach the power pack to the connector on the top of thecas

39、e and connect the power pack to an ac power source. Turnthe instrument on by depressing the ON switch causing boththe POWER and MODE A lights to illuminate.8.4 Have a labeled FCell filter (see 6.2) ready for use.8.5 Verification of ApparatusAs required per 4.3, verifyapparatus performance by checkin

40、g that the flow rate and thepressure transducer are within tolerance.8.5.1 Check the flow rate by performing a purge cycle toeliminate any air from the system. Subsequently, perform a testusing a fuel sample without a filter, collecting the sample in agraduate (see 6.3.1). Compare the volume collect

41、ed withamount displayed. The amount displayed shall be approxi-mately 300 mL, and the amount collected shall be 285 to 315mL. Adjust the pump speed control, as required.FIG. 2 Micro-Filter AnalyzerD6426 1338.5.1.1 If the proper flow rate can not be attained byadjusting the pump speed control, perfor

42、m the followingoperation:(1) Release the tubing in the peristaltic pump,(2) Using both hands, grasp each end of the tubing that isengaged by the pump rollers,(3) Hold and alternately pull on each end to stretch thetubing,(4) Clamp the tubing in place, and(5) Repeat 8.5.1.8.5.2 Check the pressure by

43、inserting a pressure gauge (see6.3.2) at the end of the Tygon tubing where the filter would beinstalled. Perform a test using air only, and compare thereadings when approximately 104 kPa (15 psig) is displayed. Ifthe readings vary more than 67 kPa (1.0 psig), return theapparatus to the manufacturer.

44、9. Procedure9.1 Measure the temperature (see 6.3.3) of the fuel in thetransfer container (see 7.3), and if necessary, adjust to 15 to25C.9.2 Rinse the fuel reservoir container (see 6.1.1.4) withsome of the product to be tested.9.3 Shake the transfer container (see 7.3) vigorously forapproximately 2

45、min.9.4 Place 450 6 5 mL of the sample into the fuel reservoir(see 6.1.1.4). Check that the temperature is still within therange from 15 to 25C. Record the actual temperature. If anyundissolved water is visually apparent in the fuel at this time,as determined by Test Method D4176 or D4860, or both,

46、thetest shall be abandoned and the presence of water shall bereported.9.5 Place the end of the Tygon tubing with the Luer-Loccoupler (see 6.1.1.9) into the collection container (see 6.1.1.5).9.6 Press and release the PURGE pushbutton. Approxi-mately 40 mLwill be drawn from the fuel reservoir through

47、 theTygon tubing and discharged into the collection container, thuspurging the air and any residual fuel from the system. The fuelflow will automatically cease at the end of the purge cycle (2min).9.7 After the purge cycle, insert the Luer-Loc coupleraffixed to the Tygon tubing into a precalibrated

48、FCell filter (see6.2) and place the filter into the mouth of the collectioncontainer.9.8 Press and release the TEST pushbutton. The peristalticpump activates, drawing the fuel from the fuel reservoir,extruding it through the filter into the collection flask.9.9 During the filtration period, the pres

49、sure is constantlydisplayed along with the amount of sample processed. The testwill automatically stop when one of the following occurs:9.9.1 The entire sample (300 mL) is discharged prior toreaching 104 kPa (15 psig). The total volume V(V=300 mL), thefinal pressure, P(FP15 psig 300 mL), and F-QF will be dis-played.9.9.2 The entire sample (300 mL) has not been discharged,and the maximum allowable pressure 104 kPa (15 psig) hasbeen reached. The volume, V(Vat 15 psig), discharged at 104 kPa(15 psig), the final pressure, P(FP=25 psig), and the F-QF will be