ASTM D4953-2015 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)《汽油和汽油氧化混合物的蒸汽压力的标准试验方法 (烘干法)》.pdf
《ASTM D4953-2015 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)《汽油和汽油氧化混合物的蒸汽压力的标准试验方法 (烘干法)》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D4953-2015 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)《汽油和汽油氧化混合物的蒸汽压力的标准试验方法 (烘干法)》.pdf(8页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D4953 15Standard Test Method forVapor Pressure of Gasoline and Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends(Dry Method)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4953; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o
2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers and is applicable to gasolinesand gasoline-oxygenate blends with a vapor pressure rangefrom
3、 35 kPa to 100 kPa (5 psi to 15 psi) (see Note 2). This testmethod, a modification of Test Method D323 (Reid Method),provides two procedures to determine the vapor pressure (Note1) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends.NOTE 1Because the external atmospheric pressure is counteracted bythe atmosph
4、eric pressure initially present in the air chamber, this vaporpressure is an absolute pressure at 37.8 C (100 F) in kilopascals(pounds-force per square inch). This vapor pressure differs from the truevapor pressure of the sample due to some small vaporization of the sampleand air in the confined spa
5、ce.NOTE 2Vapor pressure of gasoline or gasoline-oxygenate blendsbelow 35 kPa (5 psi) or greater than 100 kPa (15 psi) can be determinedwith this test method but the precision and bias (Section 11) do not apply.For materials with a vapor pressure greater than 100 kPa (15 psi), use a0 kPa to 200 kPa (
6、0 psi to 30 psi) gauge as specified in the annex of TestMethod D323.1.2 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze whencooled to 0 C to 1 C. If a haze is observed in 9.4, it shall beindicated in the reporting of results. The precision and biasstatements for hazy samples have not been determined
7、(seeNote 7).1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to estab
8、lish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warningsare given in 7.5, 8.4.1, 8.5.1, 9.1, A1.1, and A1.1.3.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products(Reid Meth
9、od)D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, PetroleumProducts, and LubricantsD5190 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-ucts (Automatic Method) (Withdrawn 2012)3D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Prod-uct
10、s (Mini Method)E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Bourdon spring gauge, npressure measuring devicethat employs a bourdon tube connected to an indicator.3.1.2 Bourdon tube, nflattened metal tube bent to a curvethat straightens under internal pres
11、sure.3.1.3 dry method, nin vapor pressure methods, a specificempirical test method (D4953) for measuring the vapor pres-sure of gasoline and other volatile products in which contact ofthe test specimen with water is not allowed.3.1.4 dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE), nvalue cal-culated by a defi
12、ned correlation equation, that is expected to becomparable to the vapor pressure value obtained by TestMethod D4953, Procedure A.3.1.5 oxygenate, noxygen-containing ashless organiccompound, such as an alcohol or ether, which may be used asa fuel or fuel supplement. D41753.1.6 vapor pressure, npressu
13、re exerted by the vapor of aliquid when in equilibrium with the liquid D41751This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D02 on PetroleumProducts, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee D02.08 on Volatility.Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Pu
14、blished June 2015. Originallyapproved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D4953 06 (2012).DOI: 10.1520/D4953-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information
15、, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
16、PA 19428-2959. United States13.2 Abbreviations:3.2.1 DVPE, ndry vapor pressure equivalent4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The liquid chamber of the vapor pressure apparatus isfilled with the chilled sample and connected to the vaporchamber at 37.8 C (100 F). The apparatus is immersed in abath at 37.8 C
17、(100 F) until a constant pressure is observed.The pressure reading, suitably corrected, is reported as thevapor pressure.4.2 Procedure A utilizes the same apparatus and essentiallythe same procedure as Test Method D323 with the exceptionthat the interior surfaces of the liquid and vapor chambers are
18、maintained completely free of water. Procedure B utilizes asemi-automatic apparatus with the liquid and vapor chambersidentical in volume to those in Procedure A. The apparatus issuspended in a horizontal bath and rotated while attainingequilibrium. Either a Bourdon gauge or pressure transducer canb
19、e used with this procedure. The interior surfaces of the liquidand vapor chambers are maintained free of water.5. Significance and Use5.1 Vapor pressure is an important physical property ofliquid spark-ignition engine fuels. It provides an indication ofhow a fuel will perform under different operati
20、ng conditions.For example, vapor pressure is a factor in determining whethera fuel will cause vapor lock at high ambient temperature or athigh altitude, or will provide easy starting at low ambienttemperature.5.2 Petroleum product specifications generally include va-por pressure limits to ensure pro
21、ducts of suitable volatilityperformance.NOTE 3Vapor pressure of fuels is regulated by various governmentagencies.6. Apparatus6.1 The apparatus for Procedure A is described in AnnexA1.6.2 The essential dimensions and requirements for the liquidand vapor chamber for Procedure B are identical with thos
22、e forProcedure A and described in Annex A1. External fittings andfeatures will vary depending on whether a gauge or transduceris used and the provision for rotating the apparatus in the bath.Details of a commercially available unit are shown in AnnexA2.7. Handling of Test Samples7.1 This section app
23、lies to both Procedure A and B.7.2 The extreme sensitivity of vapor pressure measurementsto losses through evaporation is such as to require the utmostprecaution and the most meticulous care in handling ofsamples.7.3 Sampling shall be done in accordance with the ReidVapor Pressure section (10.3) of
24、Practice D4057 except forfuels containing oxygenates where the Water DisplacementProcedure section (10.3.1.8) of D4057 must not be used.7.4 Sample Container Size:7.4.1 The size of the sample container from which the vaporpressure sample is taken shall be 1 L (1 qt). It shall be 70 % to80 % filled wi
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