ASTM D1334-2018 Standard Test Method for Wool Content of Raw Wool&x2014 Commercial Scale.pdf

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1、Designation: D1334 18Standard Test Method forWool Content of Raw WoolCommercial Scale1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1334; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in

2、 parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the woolbase content and the clean wool fiber present in a lot of rawwool by commercial-scale scour

3、ing of the lot followed bylaboratory tests on samples of the scoured wool.NOTE 1The sampling of lots of raw wool in packages is covered inPractice D1060, and the determination of the wool content of suchsamples is covered in Test Method D584. The determination of vegetablematter and other alkali-ins

4、oluble impurities in scoured wool is covered inTest Method D1113. For factors for the conversion of wool base contentto its equivalent in terms of scoured wool, top, or noil of variouscommercially specified compositions, refer to Practice D2720.NOTE 2The values stated in U.S. Customary Units are to

5、be regardedas the standard because of common commercial practice. The S.I. units inparentheses are provided for information only.NOTE 3Because of trade practice the term “weight” is used in this testmethod instead of the technically correct term “mass”.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are t

6、o be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of

7、 the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization establi

8、shed in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D123 Terminology Relating to TextilesD584 Test Method for Wool Co

9、ntent of Raw WoolLaboratory ScaleD1060 Practice for Core Sampling of Raw Wool in Packagesfor Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool FiberPresentD1113 Test Method for Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in Scoured WoolD2720 Practice for Calculation of Commercial Weight andYield

10、of Scoured Wool, Top, and Noil for Various Com-mercial CompositionsD4845 Terminology Relating to Wool3. Terminology3.1 For all terminology related to wool and wool felt, referto Terminology D4845.3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:clean wool fiber present, other alkali-insoluble

11、 impurities,oven-dried, raw wool, vegetable matter base, vegetable matterpresent, wool base.3.2 For all other terminology related to textiles, refer toTerminology D123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The entire lot of raw wool is weighed, prepared,scoured, and dried in the usual commercial equipment, w

12、ithspecial precautions against loss of wool at any stage of theoperations. The commercially dried scoured wool is weighed,then sampled for laboratory determination of its oven-driedweight (mass) and its content of alcohol-extractable matter,mineral matter, vegetable-matter base, and other alkali-ins

13、oluble impurities. The wool base content and the clean woolfiber present are calculated as percentages of the net weight(mass) of the lot of raw wool.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for use as areferee method for the determination of the wool base contentand th

14、e clean wool fiber present in a lot of raw wool. If thereare differences of practical significance between reported testresults for two laboratories (or more), comparative test shouldbe performed to determine if there is a statistical bias betweenthem, using competent statistical assistance. As a mi

15、nimum,use the samples for such a comparative test that are as1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.Current edition approved July 1, 2018. Published July 2018. Originally approvedin 1954. L

16、ast previous edition approved in 2009 as D1334 05 (2009) which waswithdrawn January 2018 and reinstated in July 2018. DOI: 10.1520/D1334-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volum

17、e information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standa

18、rdization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.1homogenous as possible, drawn from the same lot of materialas the samples that resulted in

19、 the disparate results during theinitial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to eachlaboratory. The test results from the laboratories involvedshould be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data,probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias isfound, either its ca

20、use must be found and corrected, or futureresults for that material be adjusted in consideration of theknown bias.5.2 This test method is also used in studies aimed atderiving suitable formulas for estimating the allowances to bemade for wool unavoidably lost or destroyed in such commer-cial operati

21、ons as carding, combing, or carbonizing.6. Apparatus6.1 Wool Opener, Scouring Bowl Train, DryerUsual com-mercial equipment, with accessories, modified, if necessary, toprevent loss of any significant quantity of wool.6.2 Laboratory Apparatus, for the determination of oven-dried weight (mass), alcoho

22、l-extractable matter, mineralmatter, and total alkali-insoluble impurities, as described inTest Methods D584 and D1113.6.3 Scales, accurate to 1 lb (0.5 kg), for weighing the rawwool and the scoured product.7. Reagents7.1 Scouring Solution AA solution containing approxi-mately 0.3 % by weight (mass)

23、 of soda ash (Na2CO3), 0.1 % byweight (mass) of soap having a titer of not over 25C, and awater-softening agent of the polyphosphate type slightly inexcess of the quantity required to soften the water used.7.2 Scouring Solution BSame as Scouring Solution A butwith only one half the concentration of

24、soda ash and soap.NOTE 4Neutral nonionic detergent of the ethoxylated alkylphenoltype may be substituted for the soap and soda ash or the soap alone inScouring Solutions A and B. Quantity used should reflect normalcommercial practice for obtaining residual grease levels in the range of0.4-0.8 %.7.3

25、Test ReagentsAs described in Test Methods D584 andD1113 for the determination of alcohol-extractable matter andalkali-insoluble impurities.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling of the lot of raw wool is not required.8.2 For sampling of the scoured wool for determination ofits oven-dried weight (mass) and its resi

26、dual impurities, see10.4.4.9. Conditioning9.1 Neither preconditioning nor conditioning in the standardatmosphere is required.10. Procedure10.1 WeighingDetermine the net weight (mass) of the lotby weighing each package of raw wool to the nearest 1 lb (0.5kg) and deducting the known or ascertained tar

27、e.10.2 Grading and SortingIf required, grade or sort theweighed wool, or both. Treat each grade or sort, or both,separately as directed in 10.4, and each waste or off-sort, orboth, as directed in 10.5.10.3 Opening and DustingIf the use of a wool opener orduster is required prior to scouring, recover

28、 all wool wastesfrom these operations for treatment as directed in 10.5.10.4 Treatment of Grades and SortsSeparately treat eachgrade and sort as follows:10.4.1 ScouringUsing Scouring Solution A in the firstbowl and Scouring Solution B in the second bowl, both at 5263C, scour and rinse by the usual c

29、ommercial procedure. Makesure that the equipment is free of wool both before and after thescouring and that all wool wastes are recovered.10.4.2 DryingDry the scoured wool at the temperatureand under the operating conditions customary with the equip-ment being used and the type of wool involved. Mak

30、e sure thatthe equipment is free of wool both before and after the dryingand that all wool wastes are recovered. Store the dried wool,either in bulk form or packaged, for at least 24 h, preferably ina space having an atmosphere not subject to large variations intemperature or humidity during that pe

31、riod.10.4.3 WeighingDetermine to the nearest 1 lb (0.5 kg) thenet weight (mass) of the scoured wool in each package, orother unit, after storage for 24 h (10.4.2).10.4.4 SamplingDuring or immediately after the weighing(10.4.3) select a sample for the laboratory determination ofoven-dried weight (mas

32、s), alcohol-extractable matter, mineralmatter, vegetable matter, and other residual impurities, asfollows:10.4.4.1 If the scoured wool is weighed in bulk form or insoft bags, take at random from each 100 lb (50 kg) a handfulof wool weighing about 1 oz (30 g). Promptly place eachselected portion of w

33、ool in a moisture-proof container ofsuitable size. Seal the container when sampling is complete.10.4.4.2 If the scoured wool is weighed in compressedbales, core sample the bales with the equipment described inPractice D1060, taking 2 cores (Note 4) from each bale atrandom locations on the sampling s

34、urfaces. Promptly placeeach core in a moisture-proof container of suitable size. Sealthe container when sampling is complete.NOTE 5If the number of bales and the diameter of the sampling tubeare such that the expected weight (mass) of a sample consisting of 2 coresper bale is less than 100 g, increa

35、se the number of cores per balesufficiently to ensure a sample weight (mass) of 100 g or more.10.4.5 Laboratory TestsAfter the sample (10.4.4.1 or10.4.4.2) has been in its sealed container for at least 24 h,determine its net weight (mass) to 4 significant figures andmake the following tests:10.4.5.1

36、 Oven-Dried WeightDetermine the oven-driedweight (mass) of the entire sample, or of a representativespecimen thereof weighing at least 100 g, as directed in TestMethod D584.10.4.5.2 Alcohol-Extractable A and Mineral Matter EDetermine the percentage of alcohol-extractable matter andmineral matter in

37、the oven-dried sample or specimen(10.4.5.1), as directed in Test Method D584.D1334 18210.4.5.3 Alkali-Insoluble ImpuritiesDetermine the per-centage of total alkali-insoluble matter in the oven-driedsample or specimen (10.4.5.1), as directed in Test MethodD1113.10.5 Treatment of Wastes and Off-SortsU

38、sing the appro-priate procedures in Test Methods D584 and D1113, determinethe weight (mass) of wool base present in the several recoveredwool wastes and off-sorts, if any, resulting from the gradingand sorting operations (10.2).11. Calculation11.1 Calculate the weight (mass) of wool base present ine

39、ach grade or sort (10.4) using Eq 1:Wi5 Simi100 2 Ai2 Ei2 Ti!/wi(1)where:Wi= weight (mass) of wool base present in the ithgrade or sort,Si= weight (mass) of commercially dried scouredwool obtained from the ith grade or sort (10.4.3),mi= oven-dried weight (mass) of the entire sample orof the specimen

40、 (10.4.5.1), as the case may be,of the commercially dried scoured wool ob-tained from the ith grade or sort,Ai,Ei,Ti= contents of mineral matter, alcohol-extractablematter, and total alkali-insoluble matter,respectively, in the oven-dried sample or speci-men (10.4.5.1), as a percentage of the weight

41、(mass) of the oven-dried sample or specimenfrom the ith grade or sort, andwi= net weight (mass) of the entire sample, or of thespecimen (10.4.5.1), as the case may be, fromthe ith grade or sort.11.2 Calculate the wool base content of the lot of raw woolusing Eq 2:B 5 100(Wi1(Wj!/W (2)where:B = wool

42、base content of the lot of raw wool, as apercentage of the net weight (mass) of the lot,Wj= weight (mass) of wool base in the jth waste or off-sort(10.5),W = net weight (mass) of the lot of raw wool, andWihas the meaning assigned in 11.1.11.3 Calculate the clean wool fiber present in the lot of raww

43、ool using Eq 3:F 5 B/0.86 (3)where:F = clean wool fiber present in the lot of raw wool, as apercentage of the net weight (mass) of the lot,0.86 = factor for converting a weight (mass) of clean woolfiber present to the corresponding weight (mass) ofwool base content, (see 3.1) andB has the meaning as

44、signed in 11.2.12. Report12.1 State that the test was made as directed in ASTM TestMethod D1334. Describe the material or product sampled andthe method of sampling used.12.2 Include the following information:12.2.1 Percentages of wool base content and clean woolfiber present, to the nearest 0.1 perc

45、entage point, and12.2.2 Number of packages in the lot, and the net weight(mass) of the raw wool to the nearest 1 lb (0.5 kg).13. Precision and Bias13.1 PrecisionSince the entire lot of raw wool is used upin a test by this method, a precision statement is not applicable.NOTE 6For the precision of the

46、 laboratory determination of the cleanwool fiber present in the sample of scoured wool (10.4.5), refer to TestMethod D584.13.2 BiasTest Method D1334 for testing wool content ofraw wool has no known bias and is generally accepted as areferee method.14. Keywords14.1 content; woolASTM International tak

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