ASTM D115-2007 Standard Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation《电气绝缘用含清漆测试溶剂的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 115 07An American National StandardStandard Test Methods for TestingSolvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 115; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the

2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover tests for solvent containingvarnishes primarily intended to

3、provide electrical, mechanical,and chemical protection for electrical equipment. These testmethods include tests for control and performance as follows:Procedure SectionBuild 37-41Dielectric Strength 42-47Drainage 25-31Flash Point 17-19Nonvolatile Matter 20-24Oil Resistance 53-55Preparation of Test

4、Specimens 7Specific Gravity 9-12Temperature Index 48-49Time of Drying 32-36Varnish Compatibility 50-52Viscosity 13-161.2 Where the entire test method is included in this standard,the precision and bias are not known unless given in the statedmethod.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarde

5、d as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine

6、 the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazardstatements, see Section 5.NOTE 1There is no equivalent IEC standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup TesterD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-MartensClos

7、ed Cup TesterD 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD 202 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing UntreatedPaper Used for Electrical InsulationD 287 Test Method forAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum a

8、ndPetroleum Products (Hydrometer Method)D 295 Test Methods for Varnished Cotton Fabrics Used forElectrical InsulationD 374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lationD 580 Specification for Greige Woven Glass Tapes andWebbingsD 1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,and

9、 Related ProductsD 1638 Method of Testing Urethane Foam Isocyanate RawMaterials3D 1932 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of FlexibleElectrical Insulating VarnishesD 2518 Specification for Woven Glass Fabrics for ElectricalInsulationD 2519 Test Method for Bond Strength of Electrical Insu-lating Varni

10、shes by the Helical Coil TestD 3145 Test Method for Thermal Endurance of ElectricalInsulating Varnishes by the Helical Coil MethodD 3251 Test Method for Thermal Endurance Characteristicsof Electrical Insulating Varnishes Applied Over Film-Insulated Magnet WireD 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of L

11、iquids by SmallScale Closed-Cup ApparatusD 3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used inElectrical ApparatusD 5032 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humid-ity by Means of Aqueous Glycerin SolutionsD 5423 Specification for Forced-Convection LaboratoryOvens for Evaluation of Electrica

12、l InsulationE 104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidityby Means of Aqueous Solutions1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D09.01 on Electrical Insulating Var

13、nishes, Powders and Encapsulat-ing Compounds.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originallyapproved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 115 02.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.

14、org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,

15、United States.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions: Definitions:3.1.1 dielectric strengththe voltage gradient at whichdielectric failure of the insulating material occurs under spe-cific conditions of test.3.1.2 drainageof an insulating varnish, a measure of thevariation in thickness from top to bottom of

16、a varnish filmobtained on the surface of a vertically dip coated panel after aspecified time and temperature.3.1.3 flash pointthe lowest temperature of the specimen,corrected to a pressure of 760 mm Hg (101.3 kPa), at whichapplication of an ignition source causes any vapor from thespecimen to ignite

17、 under specified conditions of test.3.1.4 nonvolatile matterin insulating varnish, that portionof a varnish which is not volatilized when exposed to specifiedconditions; the value obtained is not necessarily equal to thecalculated solids incorporated during compounding.3.1.4.1 DiscussionFor example,

18、 the theoretical chemicalsolids are often assumed to be the solid phase materialsincorporated in the varnish at the time of compounding. Manyof these solid phase intermediate materials will lose volatilefractions due to the specified conditions of the nonvolatilematter procedure. An example is pheno

19、lic resin.3.1.5 oil resistanceof insulating varnish, a measure of theretention of properties after exposure to a specified oil underspecified conditions of test.3.1.6 time of dryingof insulating varnish, the time re-quired for a film of varnish to dry to a tackfree state underspecified conditions.3.

20、2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 build, nof an insulating varnish on copper, theaverage thickness of varnish film on one side of a copper panelthat has received a single coat of the varnish applied andmeasured under specified conditions.3.2.2 build, nof an insulating varnish on

21、 glass cloth, theaverage overall thickness of strips of glass cloth that havereceived two dips of the varnish applied and measured underspecified conditions.3.2.3 tack free, adjcondition when a varnish has reachedthe point that the surface can be touched lightly without asensation of stickiness.3.2.

22、4 varnish, air-drying, na liquid resin system thatforms a dry, tack free coating, without the application of heat,either through evaporation of solvent or by reaction withatmospheric oxygen.3.2.5 varnish, baking, na liquid resin system that forms adry, tack free coating when exposed to elevated temp

23、eratures.4. Significance and Use4.1 ControlThe following tests are useful for controlpurposes during the manufacture and use of varnishes, and fordetermining the uniformity of batches:4.1.1 Specific gravity,4.1.2 Viscosity,4.1.3 Flash point, and4.1.4 Nonvolatile matter by weight.4.2 PerformanceThe f

24、ollowing tests are useful for deter-mining the performance of varnishes during application anduse:4.2.1 Drainage,4.2.2 Time of drying,4.2.3 Build,4.2.4 Dielectric strength,4.2.5 Thermal endurance,4.2.6 Varnish compatibility,4.2.7 Salt water proofness, and4.2.8 Oil resistance.5. Hazards5.1 WarningDo

25、not use varnish at temperatures abovethe flash point when inadequate ventilation, and the possibilityof flames or sparks exist. Store varnish in sealed containers.The precautions shall also apply to the handling of the reagentsand solvents called for herein.6. Sampling6.1 For all tests the sample sh

26、all be taken from a represen-tative lot of the varnish under study. To avoid skin formationand escape of solvents, protect the sample by keeping it atroom temperature in a nearly filled, tightly sealed container.7. Preparation of Test Specimens7.1 Selection of SubstrateThe selection of the substrate

27、 isdetermined in part by application and in part by thermal class.Two types of substrates may be used: copper strip or glasscloth. Copper strip is generally not used for applications over180 C (356 F) due to oxidation.7.2 Copper Base:7.2.1 For tests that are to be performed upon the varnish asa film

28、 on a copper base, copper strips 38 mm (112 in.) in width,200 mm (8 in.) in length, and 0.127 6 0.08 mm (0.005 60.0003 in.) in thickness shall be used, unless otherwisespecified. Measure the thickness of these strips to the nearest0.002 mm (0.0001 in.). Clean the strips with a suitable solvent(Note

29、2), then polish thoroughly with No. 000 steel wool. Wipethe strips free of any fingerprints or metal particles with thesolvent and a lint-free cloth. If the strips are not to be usedimmediately, they should be kept stored in a noncorrosivevarnish solvent.NOTE 2Xylene and denatured alcohol (1:1) have

30、 been found to besuitable cleaning solvents. V.M. dielectric strength; drainage; flash point; non-volatile matter; oil resistance; solvent varnish; specific gravity;temperature index; time of drying; varnish; varnish compat-ibility; viscositySUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D09 has identified the locatio

31、n of selected changes to these test methods since the last issue,D 115 02, that may impact the use of these test methods. (Approved May 1, 2007)(1) Added new 3.2.3 and renumbered subsequent paragraphs. (1) Revised 14.1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights

32、 asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any ti

33、me by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will

34、receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM

35、International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D115078