[考研类试卷]考研英语模拟试卷219及答案与解析.doc
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1、考研英语模拟试卷 219及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 The term authority refers to the rights inherent in a managerial position to give orders and expect the orders to be followed. Auth
2、ority was a major concept for the classical management writers; they (1)_ it as the glue that held an organization together. It was to be delegated (2)_ to subordinate managers, (3)_ them certain rights while providing certain specified limits (4)_ which to operate. Each management position has cert
3、ain rights that the position holder (5)_ just bemuse they hold that position. Authority (6)_ to ones position within an organization and ignores the personal (7)_ of the individual manager. It has nothing directly (8)_ the individual (9)_ flows from the position that the individual holds. When a per
4、son (10)_ a position of authority, he or she no longer has any authority. The authority remains with the position and (11)_ new holder. When managers delegate authority, commensurate responsibility must be given (12)_. That is, when one is given the “right“ to do something, one also (13)_ a correspo
5、nding “obligation“ to (14)_. Allocating authority (15)_ responsibility can create (16)_ for a person, and no one should be (17)_ responsible for something (18)_ which he or she has no authority. Classical writers recognized the (19)_ of equating authority and responsibility. In (20)_,they stated tha
6、t only authority could be delegated. They supported this contention by noting that the delegate was held responsible for the actions of the people to whom work had been delegated. ( A) found ( B) ordered ( C) speculated ( D) viewed ( A) downward ( B) upward ( C) forward ( D) backward ( A) offer ( B)
7、 conferring ( C) grudging ( D) giving ( A) inside ( B) within ( C) off ( D) outside ( A) loves ( B) likes ( C) acquires ( D) wants ( A) sticks ( B) tends ( C) relates ( D) intends ( A) characteristics ( B) features ( C) particulars ( D) opinions ( A) to do with ( B) concerning ( C) in relation ( D)
8、or ( A) which ( B) but ( C) as ( D) that ( A) stops ( B) refuses ( C) leaves ( D) withdraw ( A) without ( B) with ( C) its ( D) a ( A) either ( B) still ( C) practically ( D) as well ( A) assumes ( B) takes ( C) gains ( D) realizes ( A) have ( B) work ( C) show off ( D) perform ( A) with ( B) having
9、 ( C) without ( D) deprived ( A) opportunities ( B) problems ( C) fun ( D) enjoyment ( A) regarded ( B) taken ( C) made ( D) held ( A) over ( B) about ( C) on ( D) within ( A) danger ( B) weakness ( C) importance ( D) connection ( A) that ( B) sense ( C) addition ( D) which Part A Directions: Read t
10、he following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 Potential AIDS victims who refuse to be tested for the disease and then defend their right to remain ignorant about whether they carry the virus are entitled to that fight. But ignorance cannot be
11、used to rationalize irresponsibility. Nowhere in their argument is their concern about how such ignorance might endanger public health by exposing others to the virus. All disease is an outrage, and disease that affects the young and healthy seems particularly outrageous. When a disease selectively
12、attacks the socially disadvantaged, such as homosexuals and drug abusers, it seems an injustice beyond rationalization. Such is the case with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Decent people are offended by this unfairness and in the name of benevolence have been driven to do morally irresponsible
13、 things such as denying the unpleasant facts of the disease, out of compassion for the victims. We cannot distort the facts to comfort the afflicted when such confusion compounds the tragedy. Some crucial facts: AIDS is a communicable disease. The percentage of those infected with the AIDS virus who
14、 will eventually contract the disease is unknown, but that percentage rises with each new estimate. The disease so far has been 100 potential. The latency period between the time the virus is acquired and the disease develops is also unknown. We now have teats for the presence of the virus that is a
15、s efficient and reliable as almost any diagnostic test in medicine. An individual who tests positive can be presumed with near-certainty to carry the virus, whether he has the disease or not. To state that the test for AIDS is “ambiguous“, as a clergyman recently in public, is a misstatement and an
16、immoral act. To state that the test does not directly indicate the presence of the virus is a half-truth that misleads and an immoral act. The test correlates so consistently with the presence of the virus in bacteria cultures as to be considered I00 percent certain by experts. Everyone who tests po
17、sitive must understand that he is a potential vector for the AIDS virus and has a moral duty and responsibility to prevent others from contamination. We are not just dealing with the protection of the innocent but with an essential step to contain the spread of an epidemic as horrible as any that ha
18、s befallen modern man. We must do everything in our power to keep this still, untreatable disease from becoming pandemic. It may seem unfair to burden the tragic victims with concern for the welfare of others. But moral responsibility is not a luxury of the fortunate, and evil actions committed in d
19、espair cannot be condemned out of pity. It is morally wrong for a healthy individual who tests positive for AIDS to be involved with anyone except under the strict precautions now defined as safe sex. It is morally wrong for someone in a high-risk population who refuses to test himself to do other t
20、han to assume that he tests positive. It is morally wrong for those who, out of sympathy for the heartbreaking victims of this epidemic, as though well wishing and platitudes(老生常谈 ) about the ambiguities of the disease are necessary in order to comfort the victims while they contribute to enlarging
21、the number of those victims. Moral responsibility is the burden of the sick as well as the healthy. 21 According to the essay, which of the following statements is NOT true? ( A) It is unknown that how many A1DS-infeeted people will eventually get the disease. ( B) AIDS is a contagious disease. ( C)
22、 AIDS has been so far 100 percent deadly. ( D) The inactive period between the time the virus is acquired and AIDS develops is 2 years. 22 According to experts, the test for AIDS is_. ( A) 100 percent certainty correlated with the presence of the virus in cultures ( B) ambiguous because even they th
23、emselves are not certain ( C) inaccurate because there are consistently confusing results ( D) not correlated with the presence of the virus 23 What rhetorical purpose does the last three sentences in the essay serve? ( A) Restatement of the authors purpose in the writing. ( B) Concluding the author
24、s essay by restating his main arguments. ( C) Blaming those who refuse to be tested for the AIDS. ( D) Emphasizing the importance of the test for the AIDS. 24 The word “outrage“(Sentence 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means_. ( A) indignation ( B) anger ( C) disgrace ( D) cruelty 25 What is the passa
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- 考研 试卷 英语 模拟 219 答案 解析 DOC
