ASTM C232 C232M-2009 Standard Test Methods for Bleeding of Concrete《混凝土泌水现象的标准试验方法》.pdf
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1、Designation: C 232/C 232M 09Standard Test Methods forBleeding of Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 232/C 232M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pare
2、ntheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the determination of therelative quantity
3、of mixing water that will bleed from a sampleof freshly mixed concrete. Two test methods, that differprimarily in the degree of vibration to which the concretesample is subjected, are included.1.2 The two test methods are not expected to yield the sametest results when samples of concrete from the s
4、ame batch aretested by each method. When various concretes are to becompared, all the tests must be conducted using the samemethod, and if the batches are of similar unit weight, thesample masses shall not differ by more than 1 kg 2 lb.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare
5、to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and
6、footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of th
7、e user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. (WarningFreshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure).22. Referenced Docum
8、ents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C 138/C 138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC 172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteC 192/C 192M Practice for Making and Curing ConcreteTest Specimens in the LaboratoryC 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and
9、Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction Materials3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method provides procedures to be used fordetermining the effect of variables of composition, treatment,environment, or other factors in the bleeding of concrete. It isalso permitted to be used to determine
10、 the conformance of aproduct or treatment with a requirement relating to its effect onbleeding of concrete.3.2 Method AFor a sample consolidated by rodding onlyand tested without further disturbance, thus simulating condi-tions in which the concrete, after placement, is not subjected tointermittent
11、vibration.3.3 Method BFor a sample consolidated by vibration andtested with further intermittent periods of vibration, thussimulating conditions in which concrete, after being placed, issubjected to intermittent vibration.TEST METHOD ASAMPLE CONSOLIDATED BYTAMPING4. Apparatus4.1 ContainerA cylindric
12、al container of approximately14-L 12-ft3 capacity, having an inside diameter of 255 6 5mm 10 614 in. and an inside height of 280 6 5mm11614 in. The container shall be made of metal having a thicknessof 2.67 to 3.40 mm 0.105 to 0.134 in. and shall be externallyreinforced around the top with a 2.67 to
13、 3.40 mm 0.105 to0.134 in. metal band, 40 mm 112 in. wide. The inside shallbe smooth and free of corrosion, coatings, or lubricants.4.2 Scale, of sufficient capacity to determine the mass of theload required with an accuracy of 0.5 %. Balances or scalesshall be calibrated at least annually or whenev
14、er there is reasonto question the accuracy of the equipment. Equipment not inoperating condition or out of tolerance shall be marked as suchand taken out of service until corrected.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and ConcreteAggregates and are the dire
15、ct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.60 on Testing Fresh Concrete.Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approvedin 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 232 07.2Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM St
16、andards, Vol 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at
17、the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 Pipet, or similar instrument, for drawing off free waterfrom the surface of the test specimen.4.4 Glass Graduate, 100-mL capacity for collecting andmeasuring
18、 the quantity of water withdrawn.4.5 Tamping RodA round, straight steel rod, 16 mm 58in. in diameter and approximately 610 mm 24 in. in length,having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip, thediameter of which is 16 mm 58 in.4.6 The apparatus listed in 4.7, 4.8, and 4.9 are required ifthe p
19、rocedure of measuring the amount of bleeding waterrecovered is one involving weighing, evaporation, and re-weighing.4.7 Metal Beaker (Optional)A 1000-mL metal beaker forcollecting the decanted supernatant water and sludge.4.8 Balance (Optional)A balance sensitive to1gfordetermining the mass of the d
20、ecanted water and sludge.4.9 Hot Plate (Optional)Asmall electric hot plate or othersource of heat for evaporating decanted water.5. Test Specimen5.1 For concrete made in the laboratory, prepare as de-scribed in Practice C 192/C 192M. For concrete made in thefield, sample the concrete as described in
21、 Practice C 172. Theapparatus described in this test method is permitted to be usedwith samples of concrete containing any size of aggregategraded up to and including a nominal maximum size of 50 mm2 in. Concrete containing aggregate larger than 50 mm 2 in.in nominal maximum size shall be wet sieved
22、 over a 3.75 mm112-in. sieve and the test performed on a portion of thesample that passes through the sieve.5.2 Fill the container with the concrete in accordance withTest Method C 138/C 138M except that the container shall befilled to a height of 254 6 3mm10618 in. Level the topsurface of the concr
23、ete to a reasonably smooth surface by aminimum amount of troweling.6. Procedure6.1 During the test, maintain the ambient temperature be-tween 18 and 24 C 65 and 75 F. Immediately aftertroweling the surface of the specimen, record the time anddetermine the mass of the container and its contents. Plac
24、e thespecimen and container on a level platform or floor free ofnoticeable vibration and cover the container to prevent evapo-ration of the bleed water. Keep the cover in place throughoutthe test, except when drawing off the water. Draw off (withpipet or similar instrument) the water that has accumu
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