ASTM C143 C143M-2015 Standard Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete《硅酸盐水泥混凝土坍落度的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: C143/C143M 12C143/C143M 15Standard Test Method forSlump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C143/C143M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi

2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers determination of

3、 slump of hydraulic-cement concrete, both in the laboratory and in the field.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI unitsare shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; ther

4、efore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in tables and f

5、igures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the appli

6、cability of regulatorylimitations prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin andtissue upon prolonged exposure.2)2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the FieldC1

7、38/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed ConcreteC173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the

8、Pressure MethodC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction MaterialsD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics3. Summary of Test Method3.1 A sample of freshly mixed concrete is placed and compacted by rodding in a mold shaped as the frustum of

9、 a cone. Themold is raised, and the concrete allowed to subside. The vertical distance between the original and displaced position of the centerof the top surface of the concrete is measured and reported as the slump of the concrete.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method is intended to provide

10、the user with a procedure to determine slump of plastic hydraulic-cement concretes.NOTE 1This test method was originally developed to provide a technique to monitor the consistency of unhardened concrete. Under laboratoryconditions, with strict control of all concrete materials, the slump is general

11、ly found to increase proportionally with the water content of a given concretemixture, and thus to be inversely related to concrete strength. Under field conditions, however, such a strength relationship is not clearly and consistentlyshown. Care should therefore be taken in relating slump results o

12、btained under field conditions to strength.4.2 This test method is considered applicable to plastic concrete having coarse aggregate up to 112 in. 37.5 mm in size. If thecoarse aggregate is larger than 112 in. 37.5 mm in size, the test method is applicable when it is performed on the fraction of1 Th

13、is test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.60 onTesting Fresh Concrete.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012June 15, 2015. Published November 2012August 2015. Originally approved in 1922. Las

14、t previous edition approved in 20102012as C143/C143MC143/C143M 12.10a DOI: 10.1520/C0143_C0143M-1210.1520/C0143_C0143M-152 Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.ast

15、m.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what ch

16、anges have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the off

17、icial document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1concrete passing a 112-in. 37.5-mm sieve, with the larger aggregate being removed in accordance with the s

18、ection titled“Additional Procedure for Large Maximum Size Aggregate Concrete” in Practice C172.4.3 This test method is not considered applicable to non-plastic and non-cohesive concrete.NOTE 2Concretes having slumps less than 12 in. 15 mm may not be adequately plastic and concretes having slumps gre

19、ater than about 9 in. 230mm may not be adequately cohesive for this test to have significance. Caution should be exercised in interpreting such results.5. Apparatus5.1 MoldThe test specimen shall be formed in a mold made of metal or plastic not readily attacked by the cement paste. Themold shall be

20、sufficiently rigid to maintain the specified dimensions and tolerances during use, resistant to impact forces, and shallbe non-absorbent. Metal molds shall have an average thickness of not less than 0.060 in. 1.5 mm with no individual thicknessmeasurement less than 0.045 in. 1.15 mm. Plastic molds s

21、hall be ABS plastic or equivalent (Note 3) with a minimum averagewall thickness of 0.125 in. 3 mm, with no individual thickness measurement less than 0.100 in. 2.5 mm. The manufacturer orsupplier shall certify the materials used in mold construction are in compliance with the requirements of this te

22、st method. The moldshall be in the form of the lateral surface of the frustum of a cone with the base 8 in. 200 mm in diameter, the top 4 in. 100mm in diameter, and the height 12 in. 300 mm. Individual diameters and heights shall be within618 in. 3 mm of the prescribeddimensions. The base and the to

23、p shall be open and parallel to each other and at right angles to the axis of the cone. The moldshall be provided with foot pieces and handles similar to those shown in Fig. 1. The mold shall be constructed without a seam.The interior of the mold shall be relatively smooth and free from projections.

24、 The mold shall be free from dents, deformation, oradhered mortar. A mold which clamps to a nonabsorbent base plate is acceptable instead of the one illustrated, provided theclamping arrangement is such that it can be fully released without movement of the mold and the base is large enough to contai

25、nall of the slumped concrete in an acceptable test.NOTE 3ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) plastic exhibits the following minimum mechanical properties:Tensile modulus of elasticity,at 73 F 23 C320 000 psi 2206 MPaTensile strength (Test Method D638) 5670 psi 39 MPaPercent Elongation at Break,at

26、73 F 23 C40%Dimensional Unitsin. 116 18 12 1 3 318 4 8 12mm 2 3 15 25 75 80 100 200 300FIG. 1 Mold for Slump TestC143/C143M 1525.1.1 Check and record conformance to the molds specified dimensions when it is purchased or first placed in service and atleast annually thereafter.5.1.1.1 If the condition

27、 of any individual mold is suspected of being out of tolerance from the as manufactured condition, asingle comparative test shall be performed. If the test results differ by more than 0.50 in. 15 mm from that obtained using themetal mold, the mold shall be removed from service.5.2 Tamping RodA round

28、, smooth, straight steel rod, with a 58 in. 16 mm 6 116 in. 2 mm diameter. The length of thetamping rod shall be at least 4 in. 100 mm greater than the depth of the mold in which rodding is being performed, but not greaterthan 24 in. 600 mm in overall length (Note 4). The rod shall have the tamping

29、end or both ends rounded to a hemispherical tipof the same diameter as the rod.NOTE 4Arod length of 16 in. 400 mm to 24 in. 600 mm meets the requirements of the following: Practice C31/C31M, Test Method C138/C138M,Test Method C143/C143M, Test Method C173/C173M, and Test Method C231.5.3 Measuring Dev

30、iceAruler, metal roll-up measuring tape, or similar rigid or semi-rigid length measuring instrument markedin increments of 14 in. 5 mm or smaller. The instruement length shall be at least 12 in. 300 mm.5.4 Scoopof a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle i

31、s representative and smallenough so it is not spilled during placement in the mold.6. Sample6.1 The sample of concrete from which test specimens are made shall be representative of the entire batch. It shall be obtainedin accordance with Practice C172.7. Procedure7.1 Dampen the mold and place it on

32、a rigid, flat, level, moist, nonabsorbent surface, free of vibration, and that is large enoughto contain all of the slumped concrete. It shall be held firmly in place during filling and perimeter cleaning by the operator standingon the two foot pieces or by a clamping arrangement to a base plate as

33、described in 5.1. From the sample of concrete obtainedin accordance with Section 6, immediately fill the mold in three layers, each approximately one third the volume of the mold (SeeNote 5). Place the concrete in the mold using the scoop described in 5.4. Move the scoop around the perimeter of the

34、mold openingto ensure an even distribution of the concrete with minimal segregation.NOTE 5One third of the volume of the slump mold fills it to a depth of 258 in. 70 mm; two thirds of the volume fills it to a depth of 618 in. 160mm.7.2 Rod each layer 25 times uniformly over the cross section with th

35、e rounded end of the rod. For the bottom layer, this willnecessitate inclining the rod slightly and making approximately half of the strokes near the perimeter, and then progressing withvertical strokes spirally toward the center. Rod the bottom layer throughout its depth. For each upper layer, allo

36、w the rod topenetrate through the layer being rodded and into the layer below approximately 1 in. 25 mm.7.3 In filling and rodding the top layer, heap the concrete above the mold before rodding is started. If the rodding operationresults in subsidence of the concrete below the top edge of the mold,

37、add additional concrete to keep an excess of concrete abovethe top of the mold at all times. After the top layer has been rodded, strike off the surface of the concrete by means of a screedingand rolling motion of the tamping rod. Continue to hold the mold down firmly and remove concrete from the ar

38、ea surrounding thebase of the mold to preclude interference with the movement of slumping concrete. Remove the mold immediately from theconcrete by raising it carefully in a vertical direction. Raise the mold a distance of 12 in. 300 mm in 5 6 2 s by a steady upwardlift with no lateral or torsional

39、motion. Complete the entire test from the start of the filling through removal of the mold withoutinterruption and complete it within an elapsed time of 212 min.7.4 Immediately measure the slump by determining the vertical difference between the top of the mold and the displacedoriginal center of th

40、e top surface of the specimen. If a decided falling away or shearing off of concrete from one side or portionof the mass occurs (Note 6), disregard the test and make a new test on another portion of the sample.NOTE 6If two consecutive tests on a sample of concrete show a falling away or shearing off

41、 of a portion of the concrete from the mass of the specimen,the concrete probably lacks necessary plasticity and cohesiveness for the slump test to be applicable.8. Report8.1 Report the slump in terms of inches millimetres to the nearest 14 in. 5 mm of subsidence of the specimen during the test.9. P

42、recision and Bias49.1 PrecisionThe estimates of precision for this test method are based upon results from tests conducted in Fayetteville,Arkansas by 15 technicians from 14 laboratories representing 3 states. All tests at 3 different slump ranges, from 1.0 in. 25 mm4 The test data used to develop t

43、his precision statement were based on tests performed in September 1997. Supporting data have been filed at ASTM InternationalHeadquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C09-1022.C143/C143M 153to 6.5 in. 160 mm, were performed using one load of truck-mixed concrete. The concret

44、e was delivered and tested at a low slump,with water then being added and mixed into the remaining concrete to independently produce moderate and finally high-slumpconcrete. The concrete mixture that used a No. 67 crushed limestone aggregate and a washed river sand, contained 500 lb ofcementitious m

45、aterials per cubic yard 297 kg of cementitious material per cubic metre. The 500 lb 227 kg were equally dividedbetween a C150, Type I/II cement and a Class C fly ash.Adouble dosage of a chemical retarder was used in an attempt to minimizeslump losses and maintain workability of the concrete. Concret

46、e temperatures ranged from 86 to 93 F 30 to 34 C. Slump lossesaveraged 0.68 in. 17 mm during the 20 min required to perform a series of 6 tests at 1 slump range. Testing was performedalternately using metal and plastic molds, which were determined to produce comparable results. Precision data thus a

47、pplies to bothmetal and plastic molds. A total of 270 slump tests were performed.9.1.1 Inch-Pound SIThe data used to develop the precision statement were obtained using metric units (millimetres). Theprecision values shown in inch-pound units are conversions from the millimetre measurements, which w

48、ere recorded to the nearest1 mm.9.1.2 Measure of VariabilityThe standard deviation was determined to be the most consistent measure of variability and wasfound to vary with the slump value.9.1.3 Single-Operator PrecisionThe single-operator standard deviation represented by (1s) is shown in Table 1 b

49、y averageslump values. The reported results for the replicate readings apply to tests conducted by the same operator performing successivetests, one immediately following the other. Acceptable results of two properly conducted tests by the same operator on the samematerial (Note 7) will not differ from each other by more than the (d2s) value of the last column of Table 1 for the appropriateslump value and single-operator precision.9.1.4 Multilabo