ASTM C1372-2009 Standard Specification for Dry-Cast Segmental Retaining Wall Units《拼装式挡土墙部件的技术规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: C1372 09Standard Specification forDry-Cast Segmental Retaining Wall Units1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1372; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number i

2、n parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers dry-cast segmental retainingwall units of concrete, machinemade from hydraulic cement,water, and suitable mineral ag

3、gregates with or without theinclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use inthe construction of mortarless segmental retaining walls.NOTE 1When particular features are desired, such as weight classifi-cation, higher compressive strength, surface texture, finish, color, or otherspecial

4、 features, such properties should be specified separately by thepurchaser. Local suppliers should be consulted as to availability of unitshaving the desired features.1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnoteswhich provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding th

5、ose in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2.

6、Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing ConcreteMasonry Units and Related UnitsC150 Specification for Portland CementC331 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Con-crete Masonry UnitsC595 Specification for Ble

7、nded Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concreteand MortarsC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementC1232 Terminology of MasonryC1262 Test Method for Evaluating the Freez

8、e-Thaw Dura-bility of Dry-Cast Segmental Retaining Wall Units andRelated Concrete Units3. Terminology3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C1232 shall applyfor this specification.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 Dry-cast, adjmanufacturing concrete products usinglow frequency, high amplitude vibration to conso

9、lidate con-crete of stiff or extremely dry consistency in a form.3.2.2 segmental retaining wall unit, nunit manufacturedof concrete for the construction of dry-stacked earth retainingwalls.3.2.3 segmental retaining wall unit, dry-cast, na segmen-tal retaining wall unit manufactured of concrete using

10、 adry-cast process.4. Materials4.1 Cementitious MaterialsMaterials shall conform to thefollowing applicable specifications:4.1.1 Portland CementsSpecification C150.4.1.2 Modified Portland CementPortland cement con-forming to Specification C150, modified as follows:4.1.2.1 LimestoneLimestone, with a

11、minimum 85 % Cal-cium Carbonate (CaCO3) content, shall be permitted to beadded to the cement, provided these requirements of Specifi-cation C150 as modified are met:(1) Limitation on Insoluble Residue1.5 %.(2) Limitation on Air Content of MortarVolume percent,22 % max.(3) Limitation on Loss of Ignit

12、ion7 %.4.1.3 Blended Hydraulic Cements Specification C595.4.1.4 Hydraulic CementSpecification C1157.4.1.5 PozzolansSpecification C618.4.1.6 Blast Furnace Slag CementSpecification C989.4.2 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to the followingspecifications, except that grading requirements shall notnec

13、essarily apply:4.2.1 Normal Weight AggregatesSpecification C33.4.2.2 Lightweight AggregatesSpecification C331.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of C15.03 on ConcreteMasonry Units and Related UnitsCurrent

14、edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originallyapproved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C1372 042. DOI:10.1520/C1372-09.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of A

15、STMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.3 Other Constituents

16、Air-entraining agents, coloringpigments, integral water repellents, finely ground silica, andother constituents shall be previously established as suitable foruse in segmental retaining wall units and shall conform toapplicable ASTM standards or shall be shown by test orexperience to be not detrimen

17、tal to the durability of thesegmental retaining wall units or any material customarily usedin segmental retaining wall construction.5. Physical Requirements5.1 At the time of delivery to the work site, the units shallconform to the physical requirements of Table 1 when tested inaccordance with 8.2.5

18、.1.1 When higher compressive strengths than those listedin Table 1 are specified, the tested average net area compres-sive strength of three units shall equal or exceed the specifiedcompressive strength, and the following single unit strengthrequirements shall apply.5.1.1.1 When the specified compre

19、ssive strength is less than5000 psi, no single unit net area compressive strength testresult shall be less than the specified compressive strengthminus 500 psi.5.1.1.2 When the specified compressive strength is 5000 psior greater, no single unit net area compressive strength testresult shall be less

20、 than 90 % of the specified compressivestrength.5.2 Freeze-Thaw DurabilityIn areas where repeatedfreezing and thawing under saturated conditions occur, freeze-thaw durability shall be demonstrated by test or by proven fieldperformance that the segmental retaining wall units haveadequate durability f

21、or the intended use. When testing isrequired by the specifier to demonstrate freeze-thaw durability,the units shall be tested in accordance with 8.3.5.2.1 Specimens shall comply with either of the following:(1) the weight loss of each of five test specimens at theconclusion of 100 cycles shall not e

22、xceed1%ofitsinitialweight; or (2) the weight loss of each of four of the five testspecimens at the conclusion of 150 cycles shall not exceed1.5 % of its initial weight.6. Permissible Variations in Dimensions6.1 Overall dimensions for width, height, and length shalldiffer by not more than 618 in. (3.

23、2 mm) from the specifiedstandard dimensions.NOTE 2The term “width” refers to the horizontal dimension of theunit measured perpendicular to the face of the wall from the exposedsurface of the unit to the back of the unit. The term “height” refers to thevertical dimension of the unit as placed in the

24、wall. The term “length”refers to the horizontal dimension of the unit measured parallel to therunning length of the wall.6.1.1 Dimensional tolerance requirements for width shall bewaived for architectural surfaces.NOTE 3Split-faced surfaces are the most common surfaces used toprovide an architectura

25、l appearance to segmental retaining walls. How-ever, other means could be used to obtain similar architectural effects liketumbling, grinding, and slumping.7. Finish and Appearance7.1 All units shall be sound and free of cracks or otherdefects that interfere with the proper placement of the unit ors

26、ignificantly impair the strength or permanence of the construc-tion. Minor cracks incidental to the usual method of manufac-ture or minor chipping resulting from customary methods ofhandling in shipment and delivery, are not grounds for rejec-tion.7.2 Where units are to be used in exposed wall const

27、ruction,the face or faces that are to be exposed shall not show chips orcracks, not otherwise permitted, or other imperfections whenviewed from a distance of not less than 20 ft (6.1 m) underdiffused lighting.7.2.1 Five percent of a shipment containing chips not largerthan 1 in. (25.4 mm) in any dim

28、ension, or cracks not wider than0.02 in. (0.5 mm) and not longer than 25 % of the nominalheight of the unit is permitted.7.3 The color and texture of units shall be specified by thepurchaser. The finished surface that will be exposed in placeshall conform to an approved sample consisting of not less

29、 thanfour units, representing the range of texture and color permit-ted.8. Sampling and Testing8.1 The purchaser or authorized representative shall beaccorded proper facilities to inspect and sample units at theplace of manufacture from the lots ready for delivery.8.2 Sample and test units for compr

30、essive strength, absorp-tion, and dimensional tolerances in accordance with TestMethods C140.8.3 When required, sample and test five specimens forfreeze-thaw durability in water in accordance with Test MethodC1262. Freeze-thaw durability shall be based on tests of unitsmade with the same materials,

31、concrete mix design, manufac-turing process, and curing method, conducted not more than 24months prior to delivery.9. Compliance9.1 If a sample fails to conform to the specified require-ments, the manufacturer shall be permitted to remove unitsfrom the shipment. A new sample shall be selected by the

32、purchaser from remaining units from the shipment with asimilar configuration and dimension and tested at the expenseof the manufacturer. If the second sample meets the specifiedrequirements, the remaining portion of the shipment repre-sented by the sample meets the specified requirements. If theseco

33、nd sample fails to meet the specified requirements, theTABLE 1 Strength and Absorption RequirementsMinimum Net Area Compressive Strength, lb/in.2(MPa) Maximum Water Absorption Requirements lb/ft3(kg/m3)Weight Classification Oven-Dry Density of Concrete lb/ft3(kg/m3)Average of 3 Units Individual Unit

34、 Lightweight: Less than105 (1682)Medium Weight: 105 (1682)to less than 125 (2002)Normal Weight: 125(2002) or more3000 (20.7) 2500 (17.2) 18 (288) 15 (240) 13 (208)C1372 092remaining portion of the shipment represented by the samplefails to meet the specified requirements.NOTE 4Unless otherwise speci

35、fied in the purchase order, the cost oftests is typically borne as follows: (1) if the results of the tests show thatthe units do not conform to the requirements of this specification, the costis typically borne by the seller; (2) if the results of the tests show that theunits conform to the specifi

36、cation requirements, the cost is typically borneby the purchaser.10. Keywords10.1 absorption; aggregates; cementitious materials; com-pressive strength; concrete masonry units; dimensions; dura-bility; weight classificationSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C15 has identified the location of selected chang

37、es to this standard since the last issue(C1372 042) that may impact the use of this standard. (Approved Dec. 1, 2009.)(1) Subsection 5.1.1 was added for determining compliancewith specified compressive strengths higher than those listed inTable 1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the v

38、alidity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is s

39、ubject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headq

40、uarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This stan

41、dard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C1372 093