ASTM B37-2017 Standard Specification for Aluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture《钢铁制造用铝的标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: B37 08 (Reapproved 2013)B37 17Standard Specification forAluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B37; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year o

2、f last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope Scope*1.1 This specification covers aluminum and aluminum alloys aluminum-alloy deoxidizing products of all compositions in

3、 theform of ingots, bars, rods, cones, nuggets or shot, designated as shown in nuggets, shot, or stars, Table 1, for use in the manufactureof iron and steel. Six of the most commonly used deoxidizing product compositions are designated as shown in Table 1.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound uni

4、ts are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the respo

5、nsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on stan

6、dardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B275 Practice for Codification of Certain Zinc,

7、 Tin and Lead Die CastingsB660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsB881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specificatio

8、nsE34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base Alloys (Withdrawn 2017)3E607 Test Method for Atomic Emission Spectrometric Analysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Technique NitrogenAtmosphere (Withdrawn 2011)3E716 Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation of Aluminu

9、m and Aluminum Alloys for Determination of ChemicalComposition by Spark Atomic Emission SpectrometryE1251 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry2.2 Other Standards:4CEN EN 14242 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys Chemical Analysis Inductively Coupled

10、 Plasma Optical EmissionSpectral Analysis3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology B881 for definitions of product terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 barbar, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a rectangular cross section, simil

11、ar to the appearance of abrick.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 on AluminumAlloy Ingots and Castings.Current edition approved May 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2017. Published August 2013October 2

12、017. Originally approved in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 asB37 08.B37 08 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/B0037-08R13.10.1520/B0037-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvol

13、ume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.4 Available from European Committee for Standardization, Central Secretariat (CEN), 36 rue de Stassart 36, Stassart, B1050 Brussels,

14、 Belgium., www.CEN.eu/esearch.www.cenorm.be.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately,

15、ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,

16、PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13.2.2 conecone, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a round flat base and a pointed end.3.2.3 deoxdeox, na common or commercial term used in place of aluminum deoxidizing product.3.2.4 nuggetnugget, na form of aluminum deoxidizing

17、 product with a non-uniform (lump) shape.3.2.5 shotnotch bar, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a spheroid appearance of a pellet.rectangular crosssection and one side having regularly paced indentations.3.2.6 shot, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a spheroid appearance of a p

18、ellet.3.2.7 star, na form of aluminum deoxidizing product with a star shape with a tapered hole in the center.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following:4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes the number, the year, and the revisio

19、n letter, if applicable),4.1.2 Grade of material (see Table 1),4.1.3 Form of material (ingot, bar, rod, cone, nugget, or shot),4.1.4 Any required dimensional or weight limitations for the material, and4.1.5 The quantity in either pieces or pounds (kilograms).4.2 Additionally, orders for material to

20、this specification shall include the following information when required by thepurchaser:4.2.1 Special packaging (see Section 7),4.2.2 Whether Practices B660 applies and, if so, the levels of preservation, packaging and packing required (see 7.4),4.2.3 Whether Practice D3951 applies (see 7.4),4.2.4

21、If inspection is required at manufacturers plant (see Section 8),TABLE 1 Chemical Composition LimitsA, BNOTE 1Analysis shall be made only for copper, zinc, magnesium,silicon, and iron unless the determination of additional elements isrequired by the contract or order, or the presence of other elemen

22、ts insubstantial concentration is indicated during the course of the analysis. Inthe latter case, the amount of these other elements shall be determined,reported, and the total of copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, iron, and“other elements” shall not exceed the specified amount prescribed in thelast

23、column of the table. Unless otherwise specified in the contract ororder, 0.2 % or more of any “other element” shall constitute a “substantialconcentration” and require that element to be reported.NOTE 2The following applies to all specified limits in this table: Forpurposes of determining conformanc

24、e to these limits, an observed value ora calculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearestunit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specifiedlimit in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.GradeComposition, %Aluminum,min, byDifferenceC

25、opper,maxZinc,maxMagnesium,maxTotal of AllImpurities,max990A 99.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.0980A 98.0 0.2 0.2 0.5 2.0950A 95.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 5.0920A 92.0 4.0 1.5 1.0 8.0900A 90.0 4.5 3.0 2.0 10.0850A 85.0 5.0 5.5 2.5 15.0AAnalysis shall be made only for copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, and iron unlessthe determ

26、ination of additional elements is required by the contract or order, or thepresence of other elements in substantial concentration is indicated during thecourse of the analysis. In the latter case, the amount of these other elements shallbe determined, reported, and the total of copper, zinc, magnes

27、ium, silicon, iron,and “other elements” shall not exceed the specified amount prescribed in the lastcolumn of the table. Unless otherwise specified in the contract or order, 0.2 % ormore of any “other element” shall constitute a “substantial concentration” andrequire that element to be reported.BThe

28、 following applies to all specified limits in this table: For purposes ofdetermining conformance to these limits, an observed value or a calculated valueobtained from analysis shall be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-handplace of figures used in expressing the specified limit in accord

29、ance with therounding-off method of Practice E29.B37 1724.2.5 Whether certificate of conformance is required (see 6.36.2 and 10.1), and4.2.6 Whether a certified chemical analysis is required (see 6.36.2 and 6.3.16.4).5. Quality Assurance5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase orde

30、r, the producer shall be responsible for the performance of allinspections and test requirements specified herein. Unless disapproved by the purchaser, the producer may use his own or any othersuitable facilities for the performance of the inspection and test requirements specified herein. The purch

31、aser shall have the rightto perform any of the inspections and tests set forth in this specification where such inspections are deemed necessary to confirmthat the material conforms to prescribed requirements.5.2 All testing shall be performed in accordance to applicable ASTM test methods.5.3 The ma

32、terial covered by this specification shall be free of dross, slag, and other harmful contamination.5.4 Shot:5.4.1 Hollow shells shall not exceed 10 % by count in a minimum sample of 340 shot. The surface of material in shot form shallbe free from a heavy oxidized coating.5.4.2 The bulk density of sh

33、ot shall not be less than 90 lb/ft3.6. Chemical Composition6.1 LimitsThe average analysis of each lot of material shall conform to the chemical composition limits specified in Table 1.Conformance shall be determined by the producer by taking samples in accordance with E716 at the time ingots, bars,

34、rods, cones,nuggets shot, or shot are poured. stars are poured and analyzed in accordance with Test Methods E607, E1251, or E34, orCEN EN 14242. The average analysis shall be determined from the analytical results of all samples taken from that cast. If theproducer has determined the chemical compos

35、ition of the material during casting, sampling and analysis of the finished productshall not be required.they shall not be required to sample and analyze the finished product.6.2 Methods of AnalysisThe determination of chemical composition shall be made in accordance with E607, E716, E1251),and E34

36、or CEN EN 14242 (ICP method).6.2 When an actual chemical analysis or a certificate of conformance is required with a shipment, it shall be called for in thecontract or purchase order.6.3.1 When lots are mixed, the certified chemical composition of a composite lot shall be the weighted average of the

37、 certifiedchemical compositions from each lot that is contained in the composite lot.6.3 Lot DefinitionA lot shall be defined as follows:6.3.1 A “lot” in a batch process shall consist of that product produced in a continuous cast from one furnace or ladle. Once thefurnace or ladle has been alloyed a

38、nd casting starts, no hardeners, liquid or solid material shall be added to the furnace or ladle.6.3.2 A “lot” in a continuous process shall consist of that product produced during a continuous cast from one furnace duringa period of up to 24 hours. Additions of hardeners, liquid or solid material a

39、re added to the furnace during the casting of product.6.3.3 Any manufacturing change in the furnace, casting equipment or continuity of operation, which potentially affects theproduct characteristics defined by this specification shall be considered as the start of a new lot.6.4 When sampleslots are

40、 taken at the time the molten metal is made into shot, rod, bar, nuggets, cones or ingot, at least onesample shall be taken from each source of molten metal.mixed, the certified chemical composition of a composite lot shall be theweighted average of the certified chemical compositions from each lot

41、that is contained in the composite lot.6.5 Sampling FrequencyThe frequency of samples taken for determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:6.5.1 When samples are taken at the time the molten metal is made into shot, rod, bar, nuggets, cones, ingot, or stars, at leastone sample shall b

42、e taken from each source of molten metal.6.5.2 In a batch production process, samples shall be taken periodically throughout the production of each lot. Each sample shallbe representative of approximately equal volumes of the material. The frequency of sampling shall be not less than one samplefor e

43、very 20 % of the volume of the furnace or ladle from which the material is being poured with a minimum of three samplesper lot.6.5.3 In a continuous production process, samples shall be taken periodically throughout the production of each lot. Each sampleshall be representative of approximately equa

44、l volumes of the material. The frequency of sampling shall be not less than onesample for every 20 % of the volume of the furnace or ladle from which the material is being poured with a minimum of fivesamples per lot.6.5.4 In either the batch or continuous production process the maximum elapsed time

45、 between determinations shall not exceed8 hours.6.6 Sampling of Finished ProductIf it becomes necessary to analyze finished product for conformance to chemicalcomposition limits, the method used to sample product for the determination of chemical composition shall be by agreementbetween the producer

46、 and the purchaser.B37 1736.6.1 The number of samples taken for determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:6.6.1.1 When the metal is shipped in carload truck load or larger lots of the same grade and cast, not less than five samples shallbe taken at random from the carload truck load

47、for sampling. If the shipment is in less than carload lots truck load lot or in mixedgrades, one sample shall be taken for each 6000 lb (2700 kg) or fraction thereof.6.7 Analysis shall be performed in accordance with E716, E607, E1251, E34, or CEN EN 14242 (ICP method).6.8 Other methods of analysis

48、or in the case of a dispute the method of analysis shall be agreed upon by the producer and thepurchaser.7. Packaging, Marking, and Shipping7.1 The material shall be packaged in such a manner as to prevent damage in ordinary handling and transportation. The typeof packaging and gross weight of indiv

49、idual containers shall be left to the discretion of the producer unless otherwise agreed upon.Packaging methods and containers shall be so selected as to permit maximum utility of mechanical equipment in unloading andsubsequent handling. Each package or container shall contain only one size and one grade of material when packed for shipmentunless otherwise agreed upon between the purchaser and producer.7.2 Each package or container shall be marked with the purchase order number, quantity, specification number, grade, gross andnet weights, and the name