ASTM B37-2008(2013) Standard Specification for Aluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture《钢铁制造用铝标准规格》.pdf

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1、Designation: B37 08 (Reapproved 2013)Standard Specification forAluminum for Use in Iron and Steel Manufacture1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B37; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last

2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers aluminum and aluminum al-loys in the form of ingots, bars, rods, cones, nuggets or shot,designat

3、ed as shown in Table 1, for use in the manufacture ofiron and steel.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.3 This sta

4、ndard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1

5、ASTM Standards:2B275 Practice for Codification of Certain Nonferrous Metalsand Alloys, Cast and WroughtB660 Practices for Packaging/Packing of Aluminum andMagnesium ProductsB881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsD3951 Practice for Commercial PackagingE29 Practice for Usin

6、g Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE34 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Aluminum andAluminum-Base AlloysE607 Test Method for Atomic Emission SpectrometricAnalysis Aluminum Alloys by the Point to Plane Tech-nique Nitrogen Atmosphere (Withdrawn 2011)3E716

7、 Practices for Sampling and Sample Preparation ofAluminum and Aluminum Alloys for Determination ofChemical Composition by Spectrochemical AnalysisE1251 Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Alumi-num Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry2.2 Other Standards:4CEN EN 14242 Aluminum and Alumin

8、um Alloys Chemi-cal Analysis Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emis-sion Spectral Analysis3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsRefer to Terminology B881 for definitionsof product terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 bara form of aluminum deoxidizing prod

9、uct with arectangular cross section, similar to the appearance of a brick.3.2.2 conea form of aluminum deoxidizing product with around flat base and a pointed end.3.2.3 deoxa common or commercial term used in place ofaluminum deoxidizing product.3.2.4 nuggeta form of aluminum deoxidizing productwith

10、 a non-uniform (lump) shape.3.2.5 shota form of aluminum deoxidizing product with aspheroid appearance of a pellet.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following:4.1.1 This specification designation (which includes thenumber, the year, and the revi

11、sion letter, if applicable),4.1.2 Grade of material (see Table 1),4.1.3 Form of material (ingot, bar, rod, cone, nugget orshot),4.1.4 Any required dimensional or weight limitations for thematerial, and4.1.5 The quantity in either pieces or pounds (kilograms).4.2 Additionally, orders for material to

12、this specificationshall include the following information when required by thepurchaser:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.01 onAluminum Alloy Ingots and Castings.Current edition approved

13、May 1, 2013. Published August 2013. Originallyapproved in 1920. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as B37 08. DOI:10.1520/B0037-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume

14、information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from European Committee for Standardization, Central Secretariat(CEN), rue de Stassart 36, B1050 Brussels, Belgium., www.CEN.eu/

15、esearch.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States14.2.1 Special packaging (see Section 7),4.2.2 Whether Practices B660 applies and, if so, the levelsof preservation, packaging and packing required (see 7.4),4.2.3 Whether Practic

16、e D3951 applies (see 7.4),4.2.4 If inspection is required at manufacturers plant (seeSection 8),4.2.5 Whether certificate of conformance is required (see6.3 and 10.1), and4.2.6 Whether a certified chemical analysis is required (see6.3 and 6.3.1).5. Quality Assurance5.1 Unless otherwise specified in

17、the contract or purchaseorder, the producer shall be responsible for the performance ofall inspections and test requirements specified herein. Unlessdisapproved by the purchaser, the producer may use his own orany other suitable facilities for the performance of the inspec-tion and test requirements

18、 specified herein. The purchaser shallhave the right to perform any of the inspections and tests setforth in this specification where such inspections are deemednecessary to confirm that the material conforms to prescribedrequirements.5.2 All testing shall be performed in accordance to appli-cable A

19、STM test methods.5.3 The material covered by this specification shall be freeof dross, slag, and other harmful contamination.5.4 Shot:5.4.1 Hollow shells shall not exceed 10 % by count in aminimum sample of 340 shot. The surface of material in shotform shall be free from a heavy oxidized coating.5.4

20、.2 The bulk density of shot shall not be less than 90lb/ft3.6. Chemical Composition6.1 LimitsThe average analysis of each lot of materialshall conform to the chemical composition limits specified inTable 1. Conformance shall be determined by the producer bytaking samples in accordance with E716 at t

21、he time ingots,bars, rods, cones, nuggets or shot are poured. The averageanalysis shall be determined from the analytical results of allsamples taken from that cast. If the producer has determinedthe chemical composition of the material during casting,sampling and analysis of the finished product sh

22、all not berequired.6.2 Methods of AnalysisThe determination of chemicalcomposition shall be made in accordance with E607, E716,E1251), and E34 or CEN EN 14242 (ICP method).6.3 When an actual chemical analysis or a certificate ofconformance is required with a shipment, it shall be called forin the co

23、ntract or purchase order.6.3.1 When lots are mixed, the certified chemical composi-tion of a composite lot shall be the weighted average of thecertified chemical compositions from each lot that is containedin the composite lot.6.4 Lot DefinitionA lot shall be defined as follows:6.4.1 A “lot” in a ba

24、tch process shall consist of that productproduced in a continuous cast from one furnace or ladle. Oncethe furnace or ladle has been alloyed and casting starts, nohardeners, liquid or solid material shall be added to the furnaceor ladle.6.4.2 A “lot” in a continuous process shall consist of thatprodu

25、ct produced during a continuous cast from one furnaceduring a period of up to 24 hours. Additions of hardeners,liquid or solid material are added to the furnace during thecasting of product.6.4.3 Any manufacturing change in the furnace, castingequipment or continuity of operation, which potentially

26、affectsthe product characteristics defined by this specification shall beconsidered as the start of a new lot.6.5 When samples are taken at the time the molten metal ismade into shot, rod, bar, nuggets, cones or ingot, at least onesample shall be taken from each source of molten metal.6.6 Sampling F

27、requencyThe frequency of samples takenfor determination of chemical composition shall be as follows:6.6.1 In a batch production process, samples shall be takenperiodically throughout the production of each lot. Eachsample shall be representative of approximately equal volumesof the material. The fre

28、quency of sampling shall be not lessthan one sample for every 20 % of the volume of the furnaceor ladle from which the material is being poured with aminimum of three samples per lot.6.6.2 In a continuous production process, samples shall betaken periodically throughout the production of each lot. E

29、achsample shall be representative of approximately equal volumesof the material. The frequency of sampling shall be not lessthan one sample for every 20 % of the volume of the furnaceor ladle from which the material is being poured with aminimum of five samples per lot.TABLE 1 Chemical LimitsNOTE 1A

30、nalysis shall be made only for copper, zinc, magnesium,silicon, and iron unless the determination of additional elements isrequired by the contract or order, or the presence of other elements insubstantial concentration is indicated during the course of the analysis. Inthe latter case, the amount of

31、 these other elements shall be determined,reported, and the total of copper, zinc, magnesium, silicon, iron, and“other elements” shall not exceed the specified amount prescribed in thelast column of the table. Unless otherwise specified in the contract ororder, 0.2 % or more of any “other element” s

32、hall constitute a “substantialconcentration” and require that element to be reported.NOTE 2The following applies to all specified limits in this table: Forpurposes of determining conformance to these limits, an observed value ora calculated value obtained from analysis shall be rounded to the neares

33、tunit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specifiedlimit in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.GradeComposition, %Aluminum,min, byDifferenceCopper,maxZinc,maxMagnesium,maxTotal of AllImpurities,max990A 99.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.0980A 98.0 0.2 0.2 0.5 2.0950A

34、95.0 1.5 1.5 1.0 5.0920A 92.0 4.0 1.5 1.0 8.0900A 90.0 4.5 3.0 2.0 10.0850A 85.0 5.0 5.5 2.5 15.0B37 08 (2013)26.6.3 In either the batch or continuous production processthe maximum elapsed time between determinations shall notexceed 8 hours.6.7 Sampling of Finished ProductIf it becomes necessaryto a

35、nalyze finished product for conformance to chemicalcomposition limits, the method used to sample product for thedetermination of chemical composition shall be by agreementbetween the producer and the purchaser.6.7.1 The number of samples taken for determination ofchemical composition shall be as fol

36、lows:6.7.1.1 When the metal is shipped in carload lots of thesame grade and cast, not less than five samples shall be takenat random from the carload for sampling. If the shipment is inless than carload lots or in mixed grades, one sample shall betaken for each 6000 lb (2700 kg) or fraction thereof.

37、6.8 Analysis shall be performed in accordance with E716,E607, E1251, E34, or CEN EN 14242 (ICP method).6.9 Other methods of analysis or in the case of a dispute themethod of analysis shall be agreed upon by the producer andthe purchaser.7. Packaging, Marking, and Shipping7.1 The material shall be pa

38、ckaged in such a manner as toprevent damage in ordinary handling and transportation. Thetype of packaging and gross weight of individual containersshall be left to the discretion of the producer unless otherwiseagreed upon. Packaging methods and containers shall be soselected as to permit maximum ut

39、ility of mechanical equip-ment in unloading and subsequent handling. Each package orcontainer shall contain only one size and one grade of materialwhen packed for shipment unless otherwise agreed uponbetween the purchaser and producer.7.2 Each package or container shall be marked with thepurchase or

40、der number, quantity, specification number, grade,gross and net weights, and the name of the producer.7.3 Packages or containers shall be such as to ensureacceptance by common or other carriers for safe transportationat the lowest rate to the point of delivery.7.4 When specified in the contract or p

41、urchase order,material shall be preserved, packaged and packed in accor-dance with the requirements of Practices B660. The applicablelevels shall be as specified in the contract or order. Marking forshipment of such material shall be in accordance with PracticeD3951.8. Source Inspection8.1 If the pu

42、rchaser elects to make an inspection of produc-tion or the material at the manufacturers works, it shall be sostated in the contract or purchase order.8.2 If the purchaser elects to have inspection made at theproducers facilities, the manufacturer shall afford the inspec-tor all reasonable facilitie

43、s to satisfy him that the material isbeing furnished in accordance with this specification and/or therequirements of the contract. All tests and inspection shall beso conducted as not to interfere unnecessarily with the opera-tion of the works.9. Rejection and Rehearing9.1 Any ingots, bars, rods, co

44、nes, nuggets or shot that at thetime of receipt does not conform to the requirements of thisspecification may be rejected, and shall be replaced by theproducer.9.2 In the case of dissatisfaction regarding rejections basedon quality or chemical composition requirements as specifiedin Sections 5 and 6

45、, respectively, the manufacturer may makeclaim for a rehearing as a basis of arbitration within 15calendar days after receipt by the producer of the rejectionnotification.10. Certification10.1 The manufacturer shall, on request, furnish to thepurchaser a certificate stating that each lot has been sa

46、mpled,tested, and inspected in accordance with this specification, andhas met the requirements of Sections 5, 6.1, and 6.3.1.11. Keywords11.1 aluminum; deox; deoxidizing; iron manufacture; steelmanufactureASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in c

47、onnection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the resp

48、onsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive carefu

49、l consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm