ASTM A105 A105M-2011a Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications《管系部件用碳素钢锻件标准规程》.pdf

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1、Designation: A105/A105M 11aEndorsed byManufacturers Standardization Societyof the Valve and Fittings IndustryUsed in USDOE-NE StandardsStandard Specification forCarbon Steel Forgings for Piping Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A105/A105M; the number immediately follow

2、ing the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approve

3、d for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification2covers forged carbon steel pipingcomponents for ambient- and higher-temperature service inpressure systems. Included are flanges, fittings, valves, andsimilar parts ordered either to dimensions specified by thepurchas

4、er or to dimensional standards such as the MSS,ASME, and API specifications referenced in Section 2. Forg-ings made to this specification are limited to a maximumweight of 10 000 lb 4540 kg. Larger forgings may be orderedto Specification A266/A266M. Tubesheets and hollow cylin-drical forgings for pr

5、essure vessel shells are not includedwithin the scope of this specification. Although this specifica-tion covers some piping components machined from rolled barand seamless tubular products (see 4.2), it does not cover rawmaterial produced in these product forms.1.2 Supplementary requirements are pr

6、ovided for use whenadditional testing or inspection is desired. These shall applyonly when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.1.3 Specification A266/A266M covers other steel forgingsand Specifications A675/A675M and A696 cover other steelbars.1.4 This specification is expressed in

7、both inch-pound unitsand SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall befurnished to inch-pound units.The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are tobe regarded separately as standard. The values stated in ea

8、chsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the

9、 text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each systemshall be used independently of the other. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in non-conformance with thestandard.NOTE 1The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal

10、pipe size) hasbeen substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominaldiameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”2. Referenced Documents2.1 In addition to those reference documents listed inSpecification A961/A961M, the following list of standardsapply to this specification:2.2 ASTM Stand

11、ards:3A266/A266M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings forPressure Vessel ComponentsA675/A675M Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought, Special Quality, Mechanical PropertiesA696 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-Wrought orCold-Finished, Special Quality, for Pressure Piping Com-p

12、onentsA788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-quirementsA961/A961M Specification for Common Requirements forSteel Flanges, Forged Fittings, Valves, and Parts for PipingApplications2.3 MSS Standards:SP 44 Standard for Steel Pipe Line Flanges42.4 ASME Standards:B16.5 Dimensional Standa

13、rds for Steel Pipe Flanges andFlanged Fittings5B16.9 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings5B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimensions of Fer-rous Valves51This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of

14、 SubcommitteeA01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and BoltingMaterials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011. Published January 2012. Originallyapproved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A105/A105M11.DOI: 1

15、0.1520/A0105_A0105M-11a.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-cation SA-105 in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volum

16、e information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http:/www.mss-.5Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEI

17、nternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, S

18、ocket Weld, and Threaded5B16.34 Valves-Flanged, Threaded and Welding End5B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges52.5 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:Section IX Welding Qualifications52.6 API Standards:API-600 Flanged and Butt-Welding-End Steel Gate Valves6API-602 Compact Design Carbon Steel Gate Va

19、lves forRefinery Use63. Ordering Information3.1 See Specification A961/A961M.3.1.1 Additional requirements (see 12.2).4. General Requirements4.1 Product furnished to this specification shall conform tothe requirements of Specification A961/A961M, including anysupplementary requirements that are indi

20、cated in the purchaseorder. Failure to comply with the requirements of SpecificationA961/A961M constitutes nonconformance with this specifica-tion. In case of a conflict between the requirements of thisspecification and SpecificationA961/A961M, this specificationshall prevail.4.2 Except as permitted

21、 by Section 6 in SpecificationA961/A961M, the finished product shall be a forging asdefined in the Terminology Section of Specification A788/A788M.5. Heat Treatment5.1 Heat treatment is not a mandatory requirement of thisspecification except for the following piping components:5.1.1 Flanges above Cl

22、ass 300,75.1.2 Flanges of special design where the design pressure atthe design temperature exceeds the pressure-temperature rat-ings of Class 300, Group 1.1,5.1.3 Flanges of special design where the design pressure ordesign temperature are not known,5.1.4 Piping components other than flanges which

23、meetboth of the following criteria: (1) over NPS 4 and (2) aboveClass 300, and5.1.5 Piping components of Special Class8other thanflanges which meet both of the following criteria: (1) over NPS4 and (2) when the working pressure at the operating tempera-ture exceeds the tabulated values for Special C

24、lass 300, Group1.1.5.2 Heat treatment, when required by 5.1 shall be annealing,normalizing, or normalizing and tempering or quenching andtempering in accordance with Specification A961/A961M.6. Chemical Composition6.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirementsspecified in Table 1.6.2 Steel

25、s to which lead has been added shall not be used.7. Mechanical Properties7.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical propertyrequirements prescribed in Table 2 and Table 3.7.2 For normalized, normalized and tempered, or quenchedand tempered forgings, the central axis of the test specimenshall c

26、orrespond to the14 T plane or deeper position, where Tis the maximum heat-treated thickness of the representedforging. In addition, for quenched and tempered forgings, themidlength of the test specimen shall be at least T from anysecond heat-treated surface. When section thickness does notpermit thi

27、s positioning, the test specimen shall be positioned asnear as possible to the prescribed location.7.3 Tension Tests:7.3.1 One tension test shall be made for each heat ofas-forged components.7.3.2 One tension test shall be made from each heat-treatingcharge. If more than one heat is included in such

28、 a charge, eachheat shall be tested.7.3.2.1 When the heat-treating temperatures are the sameand the furnaces (either batch or continuous type), are con-trolled within 625 F 614 C and equipped with recordingpyrometers so that complete records of heat treatment areavailable, then one tension test from

29、 each heat is required6Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-ington, DC 20005-4070, http:/www.api.org.7For definition of Class 300, see ASME B16.5.8For definition of special class, see ASME B16.34.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsNOTEFor each reduction of 0.01 % below

30、the specified carbonmaximum (0.35 %), an increase of 0.06 % manganese above the specifiedmaximum (1.05 %) will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.65 %.Element Composition, %Carbon 0.35 maxManganese 0.601.05Phosphorus 0.035 maxSulfur 0.040 maxSilicon 0.100.35Copper 0.40 maxANickel 0.40 maxAChromium 0.

31、30 maxA,BMolybdenum 0.12 maxA,BVanadium 0.08 maxAThe sum of copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum and vanadium shall notexceed 1.00 %.BThe sum of chromium and molybdenum shall not exceed 0.32 %.TABLE 2 Mechanical RequirementsATensile strength, min, psi MPa 70 000 485Yield strength, min, psi MPaB36 00

32、0 250Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, %:Basic minimum elongation for walls516 in. 7.9 mmand over in thickness, strip tests.30When standard round 2-in. or 50-mm gage length orsmaller proportionally sized specimen with the gagelength equal to 4D is used22For strip tests, a deduction for each132-in.

33、0.8-mmdecrease in wall thickness below516 in. 7.9 mmfrom the basic minimum elongationof the percentage points of Table 31.50CReduction of area, min, %D30Hardness, HBW, max 187AFor small forgings, see 7.3.4.BDetermined by either the 0.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension-under-load method.CSee Ta

34、ble 3 for computed minimum values.DFor round specimens only.A105/A105M 11a2instead of one test from each heat in each heat-treatmentcharge. The test specimen material shall be included with afurnace charge.7.3.3 Testing shall be performed as specified in Specifica-tion A961/A961M. The largest feasib

35、le round specimen shallbe used except when hollow cylindrically shaped parts aremachined from seamless tubulars. When hollow cylindricallyshaped parts are machined from seamless tubular materials,strip tests may be used.7.3.4 Forgings too small to permit obtaining a subsizespecimen of 0.250 in. 6.35

36、 mm diameter or larger parallel tothe dimension of maximum working, and produced in equip-ment unsuitable for the production of a separately forged testbar such as an automatic or semi-automatic press, may beaccepted on the basis of hardness only. One percent of theforgings per lot (see Note 2), or

37、ten forgings, whichever is thelesser number, shall be selected at random, prepared, and testedusing the standard Brinell test. The locations of the indenta-tions shall be at the option of the manufacturer but shall beselected to be representative of the forging as a whole. Oneindentation per forging

38、 shall be required but additional inden-tations may be made to establish the representative hardness.The hardness of all forgings so tested shall be 137 to 187 HBWinclusive.NOTE 2A lot is defined as the product from a mill heat or if heattreated, the product of a mill heat per furnace charge.7.4 Har

39、dness Tests:7.4.1 Two hardness tests shall be made for each heat ofas-forged components. When more than one forging is pro-duced from each heat, a minimum of two forgings shall betested with one reading from each forging. When only oneforging is produced, it shall be tested in two locations.7.4.2 Ex

40、cept when only one forging is produced, a mini-mum of two forgings shall be hardness tested per batch orcontinuous run as defined in 7.3.2.1 to ensure that forgings arewithin the hardness limits given in Table 2. When only oneforging is produced, it shall be hardness tested in two locationsto ensure

41、 it is within the hardness limits given in Table 2.7.4.3 Testing shall be as specified in Specification A961/A961M. The purchaser may verify that the requirement hasbeen met by testing at any location on the forging, providedsuch testing does not render the forging useless.8. Hydrostatic Tests8.1 Su

42、ch tests shall be conducted by the forging manufac-turer only when Supplementary Requirement S57 in Specifi-cation A961/A961M is specified.9. Retreatment9.1 If the results of the mechanical tests do not conform tothe requirement specified, the manufacturer may heat treat orreheat treat the forgings

43、as applicable and repeat the testspecified in Section 7.10. Repair by Welding10.1 Repair of defects by the manufacturer is permissiblefor forgings made to dimensional standards such as those ofASME or for other parts made for stock by the manufacturer.Prior approval of the purchaser is required to r

44、epair-weldspecial forgings made to the purchasers requirements.10.2 Weld repairs shall be made by a process that does notproduce undesirably high levels of hydrogen in the weldedareas.10.3 All forgings repaired by welding shall be post-weldheat treated between 1100 F 593 C and the lower transfor-mat

45、ion temperature for a minimum of12 h/in. 12 h/25.4 mmof maximum section thickness, or alternatively annealed,normalized and tempered, or quenched and tempered. If theforging was not previously heat treated, the original temperingtemperature was exceeded, or the forging was fully heat treatedin the p

46、ost weld cycle, then the forging shall be tested inaccordance with Section 7 on completion of the cycle.10.4 The mechanical properties of the procedure-qualification weldment shall, when tested in accordance withSection IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,conform with the requirements lis

47、ted in Table 2 for the thermalcondition of repair-welded forgings.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 Each forging that develops injurious defects duringshop working or application shall be rejected and the manu-facturer notified.12. Certification12.1 Identification MarkingFor forgings made to speci-fie

48、d dimensions, when agreed upon by the purchaser, and forforgings made to dimensional standards, application of identi-fication marks as required in Specification A961/A961M shallbe the certification that the forgings have been furnished inaccordance with the requirements of this specification. Thesp

49、ecification designation included on test reports shall includeyear date and revision letter, if any.12.2 Test ReportsWhen test reports are required, themanufacturer shall also provide the following, where appli-cable:12.2.1 Type heat treatment, Section 5,TABLE 3 Computed Minimum ValuesWall ThicknessElongation in 2 in. or 50mm, min, %in. mm516 (0.312) 7.9 30.00932 (0.281) 7.1 28.5014 (0.250) 6.4 27.00732 (0.219) 5.6 25.50316 (0.188) 4.8 24.00532 (0.156) 4.0 22.5018 (0.125) 3.2 21.00332 (0.094) 2.4 19.50116 (0.062) 1.6 18.00No