ANSI B11 STD B11.15-2001 Machine Tools C Safety Requirements for Pipe Tube and Shape Bending Machines《机床.管道和型材弯曲机的安全要求》.pdf

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1、American National Standard B11.152001 (R07) V ANSI B11.15-2001 (R2007) American National Standard for Machine Tools Safety Requirements for Pipe, Tube, and Shape Bending Machines Secretariat and Accredited Standards Developer: AMT-The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive McLe

2、an, VA 22102 Approved: DECEMBER 21, 2001 Reaffirmed: June 8, 2007 by the American National Standards InstituteAmerican National Standard B11.152001 (R07) VIAmerican National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consen

3、sus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developing organization. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much mo

4、re than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. American National Standards are promulgated through ANSI for voluntary use; their existence does not in any respect p

5、reclude anyone, whether they have approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. However, users, distributors, regulatory bodies, certification agencies and others concerned may apply American Nat

6、ional Standards as mandatory requirements in commerce and industry. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of an American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretat

7、ion of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the Secretariat whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any

8、 time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. You may contact the Secretariat for current status information on this, or other B11 sister standards. Individuals interested in obtaining up-t

9、o-date information on standards can access this information at http:www.nssn.org (or by contacting ANSI). NSSN - A National Resource for Global Standards, provides a central point to search for standards information from worldwide sources and can connect those who seek standards to those who supply

10、them. AMT makes no warranty, either expressed or implied as to the fitness of merchantability or accuracy of the information contained within this standard. Unless it can be shown that AMT or the standards writers of this standard acted with some level of bad faith or malicious intent, neither AMT,

11、the standards writers or the standards writers employers are liable for damages or injuries as a result of conformance to this standard. Published by AMT The Association For Manufacturing Technology 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 221024269, USA Copyright 2001 by AMT - The Association For Manufactur

12、ing Technology All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard B11.152001 (R07) VII TABLE of CONTE

13、NTS Page FOREWORDV EXPLANATION OF THE FORMAT OF.VII THE STANDARD.VII INTRODUCTION.VIII 1 SCOPE . 2 1.1 APPLICATIONS .2 1.2 EXCLUSIONS .2 1.3 DESCRIPTIONS 2 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES. 3 3 DEFINITIONS . 4 4 RESPONSIBILITY10 4.1 SUPPLIERS RESPONSIBILITY.10 4.2 USERS RESPONSIBILITY.12 4.3 PERSONNEL.14 5 HA

14、ZARD CONTROL15 5.1 TASK AND HAZARD IDENTIFICATION15 5.2 RISK ASSESSMENT / RISK REDUCTION16 6 DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION .17 6.1 GENERAL.17 6.2 MACHINE CONTROL SYSTEM .17 6.3 DESCRIPTION OF MODES OF OPERATION17 6.4 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT.17 6.5 PNEUMATIC AND HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS 18 6.6 FLUCTUATION IN OR INTE

15、RRUPTION OF POWER SOURCES CAUSING HAZARDOUS MOTION 19 6.7 ISOLATION OF POWER SOURCES19 6.8 STORED ENERGY .19 6.9 INTERFERENCES 19 6.10 PERFORMANCE OF THE SAFETYRELATED FUNCTION(S) 19 6.11 MACHINE INITIATION .19 6.12 STOP AND EMERGENCY STOP CONTROLS.19 6.13 OPERATOR CONTROL STATIONS20 6.14 MANUALLY-O

16、PERATED CONTROL DEVICES .20 6.15 ELIMINATION OF, OR PROTECTION FROM, INHERENT HAZARDS.22 6.16 WORKPIECE TRANSFER DEVICES.23 6.17 ERGONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS .23 7 LAYOUT, INSTALLATION, TESTING AND STARTUP 24 7.1 GENERAL.24 7.2 LAYOUT AND INSTALLATION SUPPLIERS RESPONSIBILITY .24 7.3 LAYOUT AND INSTALLA

17、TION USERS RESPONSIBILITY.25 7.4 TESTING AND START-UP PROCEDURES 26 8 SAFEGUARDING.27 American National Standard B11.152001 (R07) VIII 8.1 MANDATORY SAFEGUARDING DEVICE 27 8.2 GENERAL.27 8.3 GUARDS 28 8.4 INTERLOCKED GUARDS .28 8.5 SAFEGUARDING DEVICES28 8.6 AWARENESS DEVICES 29 8.7 SAFE WORK PROCED

18、URES USERS RESPONSIBILITY.29 8.8 PERFORMANCE OF THE SAFETY-RELATED FUNCTION(S) .30 9 SET-UP, OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE.31 9.1 GENERAL.31 9.2 TOOL SET-UP.31 9.3 MACHINE INITIATION .31 9.4 PERIMETER IDENTIFICATION31 9.5 MAINTENANCE .31 9.6 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT .32 9.7 TRAINING.32 9.8 SUPERVIS

19、ION.33 Annex A Figures 34 Annex B Examples of Hazards and Hazardous Situations .45 Annex C Performance of the safety-related function(s) 46 Annex D Safety Distance.47 Annex E Guidelines for General Training of Operators.55 Annex F Operator Training Knowledge Inventory .56 Annex G Key for the Operato

20、r Training Knowledge Inventory 58 American National Standard B11.152001 (R07) VForeword (This Foreword is not part of the requirements of American National Standard B11.15-2001) The primary objective of this standard is to eliminate or control the risk of injuries to personnel associated with pipe t

21、ube and shape bending machines by establishing requirements for the machines construction, operation and maintenance and for the production systems in which pipe, tube and shape bending machines are used. To accomplish this objective, responsibilities have been assigned to the supplier (manufacturer

22、, rebuilder, reconstructor, and user) as well as to personnel in the working environment. Point-of-operation safeguarding is the single most important factor in the elimination of point-of- operation injuries. A production system consists of the pipe, tube or shape bender as one component, feeding m

23、ethods (including part or scrap removal) as a second component, and the third component, point-of-operation safeguarding. The vital third component, point-of-operation safeguarding, can be evaluated for effectiveness only after the first two components and operator involvement is known. The safeguar

24、ding of production systems in pipe, tube and shape bending operations is complicated by the wide variety of operations and operating conditions, the variations in size, speed, and type of pipe, tube and shape bending machine used; the size, thickness, and kind of pieces to be worked; the required ac

25、curacy of the finished work; the skill of operators; the length of run; and the method of tube or shape feeding and part and scrap removal. Because of these varying factors in the operations and in the workplace, a wide variety of point-of-operation safeguarding methods (guards and devices) have bee

26、n covered in this standard. The words “safe“ and “safety“ are not absolutes. Safety begins with good design. While the goal of this standard is to eliminate injuries, it is recognized that risk factors cannot possibly be reduced to zero in any human activity. This standard is not intended to replace

27、 good judgment and personal responsibility. Operator skill, attitude, training, job monotony, ergonomic factors, fatigue and experience are safety factors that must be considered by the user. Pipe, tube and shape bending machines, and associated equipment technologies are continuously evolving. This

28、 standard reflects the most commonly used and time-tested state of the art at the time of its approval. The inclusion or omission of language relative to any evolving technology, either in the requirements or explanatory area of this standard, in no way infers acceptance or rejection of such technol

29、ogies. Inquiries with respect to the application or the substantive requirements of this standard, and suggestions for its improvement, are welcomed and should be sent to the AMT - The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, Virginia 22102-4206, Attention: Safety Depar

30、tment. This standard was processed and submitted for ANSI approval by the B11 Accredited Standards Committee on Safety Standards for Machine Tools. Committee approval of this standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time this standard was approved

31、 as an American National Standard, the ANSI B11 Accredited Standards Committee was composed of the following member organizations: American National Standard B11.152001 (R07) VI John W. Russell, PE, CSP Chairman Gary D. Kopps, Vice-Chairman David A. Felinski, Secretary Organizations Represented Name

32、 of Representative(s) Delegate Alternate Aerospace Industries Association of America Wil Wood, ARM Robert Eaker, PE, CSP Alliance of American Insurers John Russell, PE, CSP Keith Lessner Aluminum Extruders Council Jeff Dziki Martin Bidwell American Insurance Service Group Henry S. Pankiw Paul Frenie

33、r American Institute of Steel Construction Thomas Schlafly American Society of Safety Engineers Bruce Main, PE, CSP George Karosas, PE, CSP Association For Manufacturing Technology Russell Bensman Can Manufacturers Institute Geoff Cullen Deere and Company Gary D. Kopps Ellen K. Blanshan Forging Indu

34、stry Association John W. Commet Karen Taylor General Motors Corporation Michael Taubitz Graphic past Chairman of the B11.15 Subcommittee) American National Standard B11.152001 (R07) VIIExplanation of the format of the standard This ANSI B11.15 2001 standard is divided into parts formerly referred to

35、 as sections or chapters and now referred to as clauses in line with the current ANSI style manual. Major divisions of clauses are referred to as subclauses and, when referenced by other text in the standard, are denoted by the subclause number (e.g., see 5.1). The standard uses a two-column format

36、to provide supporting information for requirements. The material in the left column is confined to “Standards Requirements” only, and is so captioned. The right column, captioned “Explanatory Information“ contains information that the writing Subcommittee felt would clarify the standard. This column

37、 should not be construed as being a part of the requirements of this American National Standard. Operating rules (safe practices) are not included in either column of this standard unless they are of such nature as to be vital safety requirements, equal in weight to other requirements, or guides to

38、assist in compliance with the standard. As in all American National Standards, the term “SHALL” denotes a requirement that is to be strictly followed in order to conform to this standard; no deviation is permitted. The term “SHOULD” denotes a recommendation, a practice or condition among several alt

39、ernatives, or a preferred method or course of action. Similarly, the term “CAN” denotes a possibility, ability or capability, whether physical or causal, and the term “MAY” denotes a permissible course of action within the limits of the standard. By convention, the B11 standards do not use the term

40、“and/or” but instead, the term “OR” is used as an inclusive disjunction, meaning one or the other or both. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to AMT-The Association For Manufacturing Technology, 7901 Westpark Drive, McLean, VA 22102 - Attention: B11 Sec

41、retariat. American National Standard B11.152001 (R07) VIII Introduction The primary purpose of every machine tool is to process parts. This is accomplished by the machine imparting process energy onto the workpiece. Inadvertent interference with, or accidental misdirection of the released energy dur

42、ing production, maintenance, commissioning and de-commissioning may result in injury. The purpose of the ANSI B11 series of machine tool safety standards is to devise and propose ways to minimize risks of the potential hazards. This can be accomplished either by an appropriate machine design or by r

43、estricting personnel or other individuals access to hazard areas, and by devising work procedures to minimize personnel exposure to hazardous situations. This is the essence of the ANSI B11 series of safety standards. The responsibility for the alleviation of these risks is divided between the equip

44、ment supplier, its user and its operating personnel, as follows (numbers in parentheses refer to the clause numbers in these standards which address that responsibility): SUPPLIER USERResponsible for: Instruction manual Operation manual Maintenance manual (4.1) Overall workplace safety Maintenance a

45、nd inspection procedures Training (4.2) Task and hazard identification (5.1) Risk assessment/risk reduction (5.2) Design and construction (6) Set-up, Operation Horizontal hydraulic benders; Horizontal mechanical benders; Horizontal or vertical combination hydraulic and mechanical benders and combina

46、tion pneumatic and mechanical benders; Compression benders; Draw benders; Pipe benders; Stretch benders; Tube benders. 1.2 Exclusions The requirements of this standard do not apply to: Bench presses; Hydro forming; Forging presses; Four-slide machines; Hydraulic presses; Mechanical presses; Power press brakes; Roll benders; Roll formers; Assembly machines. 1.3 Descriptions E1.3 Examples of bending machines are shown in Figures 2 through 5 in Annex A.