ANSI ASME B31Q-2010 Pipeline Personnel Qualification《管道人员资格》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDPipeline Personnel QualificationASME B31Q-2010ASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31(Revision of ASME B31Q-2006)Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTENTIONAL

2、LY LEFT BLANKCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B31Q2010Pipeline Personnel QualificationASME Code for Pressure Piping, B31AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD(Revision of ASME B31Q2006)

3、Three Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USACopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: September 30, 2010The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2013.

4、There will be no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this Standard. Periodically certain actions of the ASME B31Q Committee may be published as Cases. Cases and interpretations are published on the ASME Web site u

5、nder the Committee Pages at http:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National Standards. The Standards Committee that

6、 approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from competent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry,

7、 academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this docu

8、ment, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of such patent rights, and the risk of infringe

9、ment of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representatives(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of thi

10、s document issued in accordance with the established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publishe

11、r.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2010 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking pe

12、rmitted without license from IHS-,-,-iiiCONTENTSForeword ivCommittee Roster vi1 Introduction 12 Definitions . 13 References 24 Qualification Program . 25 Determining Covered Tasks 46 Abnormal Operating Conditions (AOCs) . 87 Training . 88 Evaluation . 99 Qualifications 1110 Portability . 1411 Progra

13、m Effectiveness 1512 Communicating the Qualification Program and Managing Program Changes . 1613 Documentation Requirements 1714 Bibliography . 19Nonmandatory Appendices5A Integrated Task List: Definitions . 215B Summary of Integrated Task List 575C Task List Development Process . 705D Example of Ev

14、aluation Criteria . 716A Abnormal Operating Conditions (AOCs) 728A Evaluation Method Selection . 739A DIF Analysis for Subsequent Qualification Intervals . 7611A Program Implementation and Effectiveness Appraisals . 82Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for Resal

15、eNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ivFOREWORDUsing pipelines for the transmission and distribution of gas and hazardous liquids is one of the safest forms of transportation. However, investigations of pipeline accidents from 1975 through 1986 revealed that human er

16、ror was a contributing factor to some failures. The failures prompted the United States National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) to make explicit recommendations for the training, testing, and qualification of pipeline employees in 1987. The qualification of pipeline personnel is an important mea

17、sure against failures caused by human error. The development of this Standard originated from the need for the pipeline industry to take a rational and technical approach to operator qualification (OQ) and from regulatory actions in the United States from 1987 through 2003. In 1987, the United State

18、s Department of Transportation (DOT) issued a notice inviting public comment on the need for additional regulations or a certification program for the qualification of personnel who design, construct, operate, and maintain gas or hazardous liquid pipelines. Shortly thereafter, work began in the Unit

19、ed States Congress to amend the Pipeline Safety Laws to include OQ requirements. The Pipeline Safety Act of 1992 included language requiring that personnel responsible for the operation and maintenance of pipelines be tested for qualifications and certified to operate and maintain those pipelines.In

20、 response to this congressional action, DOT published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) in 1994 to establish specific training requirements for the qualification of pipeline workers. This training rule met with varying responses, including a petition for withdrawal of the NPRM from pipeline ind

21、ustry representatives. In the meantime, Congress amended the 1992 law with the Pipeline Safety Improvement Act of 1996 requiring simply that individuals who operate or maintain pipelines be qualified. In addition, this Act required that the qualifications address the ability to recognize and react a

22、ppropriately to abnormal operating conditions (AOCs) that may indicate a potentially dangerous situation or a condition exceeding design limits. In 1996, DOT withdrew the 1994 proposed rulemaking and simultaneously issued a notice to form a negotiated rulemaking committee (RegNeg Committee) to devel

23、op a final rule on the qualification of pipeline personnel.The negotiated rulemaking process was intended to provide an opportunity for affected parties to present their views and reach a consensus on a proposed qualification rule. The RegNeg Committee members came from various organiza-tions repres

24、enting broad interests, including industry, government, labor, and the public. The committee met several times from 1997 through 1999, when consensus on the final rule was reached.The Final Rule on the Qualification of Pipeline Personnel was issued by DOT on August 27, 1999. This final rule delin-ea

25、ted the essential elements of a qualification program and limited the scope of the rule with a four-part test for covered tasks. It also set timeframes for the development of the operators qualification programs and the completion of initial qualification of pipeline personnel in 2002.The Final Rule

26、 was not prescriptive, and the resulting flexibility built into the performance-based rule made it dif-ficult to measure operators compliance with the rule. This led to the development of “protocols” to assist regulators in the evaluation of qualification programs. Protocols were finalized after a s

27、eries of public meetings in 2003; however, dif-ferences still existed between the pipeline industry and DOT regarding the implementation, inspection, and subsequent enforcement of the OQ rule. Both groups committed to the development of a national consensus code on personnel qualification, where the

28、 outstanding issues could be resolved.The pipeline industry approached ASME International to sponsor the development of a consensus code on pipeline personnel qualification. The ASME Standard for Pressure Piping, B31 Committee formed the B31Q Project Team on Qualification of Pipeline Operators. This

29、 project team met for the first time in August 2003 and began the task of crafting a consensus code for the qualification of pipeline personnel to resolve the outstanding issues and maintain as much of the current regulatory requirements as possible.The B31Q Project Team included representatives fro

30、m federal and state regulatory agencies, contractors, industry associations, labor, and three industry sectors: hazardous liquid, gas transmission, and local distribution companies. The project team met regularly over a period of 20 months to reach consensus on the content of the code. Additional re

31、sources, including Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), industry associations, and service providers, were utilized regu-larly. In all, over 100 people worked diligently within the ASME process, utilizing technically based data where possible, in an attempt to meet the diverse needs of the industry and re

32、gulators. Unlike most ASME standards, however, this Standard is focused on the human aspects of operating and maintaining pipeline equipment instead of on the instruc-tions for designing or operating this equipment. Therefore, technical-based data were not always available. For those areas where tec

33、hnically based data did not exist, the project team utilized accepted industry practices or reached consen-sus within the Project Team. Nonmandatory appendices, which include a covered task list, have been added to provide additional guidance to assist pipeline operators in developing or modifying t

34、heir personnel qualification programs.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-vThis Standard provides general and specific requirements for the qualification of pipeline personnel. The imp

35、lemen-tation of this Standard is intended to minimize the impact on safety and integrity of the pipeline due to human error that may result from an individuals lack of knowledge, skills, or abilities during the performance of certain activities. This Standard does not impose a requirement to perform

36、 specific tasks that affect the safety or integrity of the pipeline. It does, however, set the requirements for qualification of individuals in the event these types of tasks are performed.This Standard establishes the requirements for identifying covered tasks that impact the safety or integrity of

37、 pipe-lines performed during operation, maintenance, or construction, properly qualifying individuals to perform those tasks, and for managing the qualifications of pipeline personnel. Design and engineering tasks are excluded because assur-ance of their quality is provided by the fact that appropri

38、ately educated or experienced individuals perform these tasks using guidelines and procedures for the conduct of their work. In addition, the quality of the work product is generally confirmed procedurally through review and ultimately by field inspection and testing of the design that are required

39、by the applicable ASME Standard (B31.4 and B31.8 for hazardous liquid pipelines and gas pipelines, respectively) and jurisdictional authority. Design and engineering tasks involving analysis and integration of data associated with integ-rity management are excluded from this Standard.It is recognize

40、d that this Standard is being issued at a time when numerous entities have previously developed and implemented qualification programs. Therefore, as part of implementation of this Standard, the implementer should determine what changes to provisions of its existing program (e.g., span of control, s

41、ubsequent qualification intervals, evaluation methods) are required to meet this Standard. An individual qualified to perform a covered task under the existing program could be considered to be qualified under the program described by this Standard. Individuals cur-rently qualified under an existing

42、 program can maintain their qualifications by meeting the subsequent qualification requirements established in this Standard. A documented performance evaluation, if not previously performed for a task that requires performance evaluation for initial qualification under this Standard, should be perf

43、ormed either dur-ing the implementation period or at the time of subsequent qualification. Suggestions for the improvement of this Standard are welcome. They should be addressed to The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Secretary, B31 Standards Committee, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016

44、-5990.This Standard was approved as an American National Standard on August 19, 2010.This Foreword is provided as an aid to the user and is not part of the requirements of this Standard. This Foreword should not be interpreted as containing any requirements or limits enforceable or auditable by any

45、entity. Where, in the judgment of the Committee, any of the topics covered by this Foreword ought to be addressed in the requirements of this Standard, appropriate requirements have been formulated and included in the body of this Standard.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license w

46、ith ASME Not for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-viASME B31 COMMITTEEStandard for Pressure PipingSTANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERSM. L. Nayyar, ChairK. C. Bodenhamer, Vice ChairN. Lobo, SecretarySTANDARDS COMMITTEE PERSONNELR. J. T. Appleby, ExxonMobil Upstream

47、Research Co. G. A. Jolly, Vogt Valves/Flowserve Corp.R. A. Appleton, Contributing Member, Refrigeration Systems Co. W. J. Koves, Ex-Officio, UOP, LLCC. Becht IV, Becht Engineering Co. N. Lobo, The American Society of Mechanical EngineersA. E. Beyer, Fluor Enterprises W. J. Mauro, American Electric P

48、owerK. C. Bodenhamer, Enterprise Products Co. C. J. Melo, Alternate, Worley ParsonsC. J. Campbell, Air Liquide J. E. Meyer, Louis Perry and Associates, Inc.J. S. Chin, TransCanada Pipeline U.S. M. L. Nayyar, Bechtel Power Corp.D. D. Christian, Vitctaulic R. G. Payne, Alstom Power, Inc.D. L. Coym, Wo

49、rley Parsons G. R. Petru, Enterprise Products Co.R. P. Deubler, Fronek Poer Systems, LLCs A. P. Rangus, Ex-Officio, Bechtel Power Corp.J. A. Drake, Spectra Energy Transmission E. H. Rinaca, Dominion Resources, Inc.P. D. Flenner, Flenner Engineering Services M. J. Rosenfeld, Kiefner and Associates, Inc.J. W. Frey, Stress Engineering Services, Inc. R. J. Silvia, Process Engineers and