ANSI American Society of Safety Engineers A10.12-1998 Safety Requirements for Excavation American National Standard Construction and Demolition Operations.pdf

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1、Printed in U.S.A.ASSEAMERICAN SOCIETY OFSAFETY ENGINEERSAMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDPrinted in U.S.A.OperationsASSEANSI/ASSE A10.12-1998 (R2010)ANSI/ASSE A10.12-1998 (R2010)ANSI/ASSE A10.12-1998 (R2010)Safety Requir ementsfor ExcavationAmerican National S tandar dConstruction and DemolitionOperationsT

2、he information and materials contained in this publication have been developed from sources believed to be reliable. However, the American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE) as secretariat of the ANSI accredited A10 Committee or individual committee members accept no legal responsibility for the cor

3、rectness or completeness of this material or its application to specific factual situations. By publication of this standard, ASSE or the A10 Committee does not ensure that adherence to these recommendations will protect the safety or health of any persons, or preserve property. ANSI ANSI A10.12 199

4、8 (R2010) American National Standard Construction and Demolition Operations Safety Requirements for Excavation Secretariat American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakton Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 Approved October 18, 2010 American National Standards Institute, Inc. Approval of a

5、n American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been

6、reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American Nationa

7、l Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he/she has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Inst

8、itute does not develop standards and will in no circumstance give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests

9、for interpretation should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. Caution Notice: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute requires that action be tak

10、en periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published November, 2010 by American Society of Safety Engineers 1800 East Oakto

11、n Street Des Plaines, Illinois 60018-2187 (847) 699-2929 www.asse.org Copyright 2010 by American Society of Safety Engineers All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the pub

12、lisher. Printed in the United States of America American National Standard Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard A10.12-1998 (R2010) This standard is one of a series of safety standards that have been formulated by the Accredited Standards Committee on Safety in Constru

13、ction and Demolition Operations, A10. It is expected that the standards in the A10 series will find a major application in industry, serving as a guide to contractors, labor, and equipment manufacturers. For the convenience of users, a list of existing and proposed standards in the A10 series for Sa

14、fety Requirements in Construction and Demolition Operations follows. A10.1 Pre-Planning for Construction Safety and Health (under development) A10.2 Safety, Health, and Environmental Training (under development) A10.3 Powder-Actuated Fastening Systems A10.4 Personnel Hoists and Employee Elevators A1

15、0.5 Material Hoists A10.6 Demolition Operations A10.7 Transportation, Storage, Handling, and Use of Commercial Explosives and Blasting Agents A10.8 Scaffolding A10.9 Concrete and Masonry Construction A10.10 Temporary and Portable Space Heating Devices A10.11 Personnel and Debris Nets A10.12 Excavati

16、on A10.13 Steel Erection A10.15 Dredging A10.16 Tunnels, Shafts, and Caissons A10.17 Safe Operating Practices for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Construction A10.18 Temporary Roof and Floor Holes, Wall Openings, Stairways, and Other Unprotected Edges A10.19 Pile Installation and Extraction Operations A10.20

17、Ceramic Tile, Terrazzo, and Marble Work A10.21 Safe Construction and Demolition of Wind Generation/Turbine Facilities (under development) A10.22 Rope-Guided and Non-Guided Workers Hoists A10.23 Safety Requirements for the Installation of Drilled Shafts (under development) A10.24 Roofing Safety Requi

18、rements for Low-Sloped Roofs A10.25 Sanitation in Construction A10.26 Emergency Procedures for Construction Sites (under development) A10.27 Hot Mix Asphalt Facilities A10.28 Work Platforms Suspended from Cranes or Derricks A10.29 Aerial Platforms in Construction (under development) A10.31 Digger-De

19、rricks A10.32 Personal Fall Protection Used in Construction and Demolition Operations A10.33 Safety and Health Program Requirements for Multi-Employer Projects A10.34 Public Protection A10.37 Debris Nets A10.38 Basic Elements of a Program to Provide a Safe and Healthful Work Environment A10.39 Const

20、ruction Safety and Health Audit Program A10.40 Reduction of Musculoskeletal Problems in Construction A10.41 Equipment Operator and Supervisor Qualifications and Responsibilities (under development) A10.42 Rigging Qualifications and Responsibilities in the Construction Industry A10.43 Confined Spaces

21、 in Construction (under development) A10.44 Lockout/Tagout in Construction A10.46 Hearing Loss Prevention A10.47 Highway Construction Safety A10.48 Communication Tower Erection (under development) A10.49 Control of Health Hazards (under development) One purpose of these standards is to serve as guid

22、es to governmental authorities having jurisdiction over subjects within the scope of the A10 Committee standards. If these standards are adopted for governmental use, the reference of other national codes or standards in individual volumes may be changed to refer to the corresponding regulations. Re

23、visions: The A10 Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this standard. Revisions are made to the standard periodically (usually five years from the date of the standard) to incorporate changes that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by experience gained from the application of the

24、 standard. Proposals should be as specific as possible, citing the relevant section number(s), the proposed wording, and the reason for the proposal. Pertinent documentation would enable the A10 Committee to process the changes in a more timely manner. Interpretations: Upon a request in writing to t

25、he Secretariat, the A10 Committee will render an interpretation of any requirement of the standard. The request for interpretation should be clear, citing the relevant section number(s) and phrased as a request for a clarification of a specific requirement. Oral interpretations are not provided. No

26、one but the A10 Committee (through the A10 Secretariat) is authorized to provide any interpretation of this standard. Approval: Neither the A10 Committee nor American National Standards Institute (ANSI) “approves,“ “certifies,“ “rates,“ or “endorses“ any item, construction, proprietary device, or ac

27、tivity. Appendixes: Appendixes are included in most standards to provide the user with additional information related to the subject of the standard. Appendices are not part of the approved standard. Committee Meetings: The A10 Committee meets twice a year. Persons wishing to attend a meeting should

28、 contact the Secretariat for information. Standard Approval: This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the American National Standards Committee on Safety in Construction and Demolition Operations, A10. Approval of the standard does not necessarily imply (nor is it required)

29、that all Committee members voted for its approval. At the time this standard was published, the A10 Committee had the following members: Richard King, CSP, Chairman James Tomaseski, Vice Chairman Timothy R. Fisher, CSP, CHMM, ARM, CPEA, Secretary Jennie Dalesandro, Administrative Technical Support O

30、rganization Represented Name of Representative Accident Prevention Corporation Frank Burg, CSP Michael Serpe, CSP Aegis Corporation Matthew J. Burkart, P.E. Judith Burkart Alstom Power Robert Renney Ted P. Sharp American Insurance Services Group Thad Nosal James G. Borchardt, CSP, CPE American Work

31、Platform Training, Inc. Dennis W. Eckstine ASCE - Construction Institute Committee Harlan Fair, P.E. William R. Nash, P.E. American Society of Safety Engineers Ken Shorter, CSP, ARM A. David Brayton, CSP, CPC American Wind Energy Association Michele Myers Asbestos Workers International Union Terry L

32、ynch Jim E. Lapping, MS, P.E., CSP Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc. Michael W. Hayslip, Esq., P.E., CSP Chris WilliamAssociated General Contractors of America, The Charlie Bird Kevin CannonAssociation of Union Constructors, The William Treharne, P.E. Jeffrey Hardison A-Z Safety Resources, I

33、nc. Jane F. Williams, CPEA, CCA Barton-Malow Company Mark Klimbal, CSP, ARM Clayton Shafer Black and 1.2.7.2 Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit (for example, tanks, vessels, silos, storage bins, hoppers, vaults, and pits); and 1.2.7.3 Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy.

34、 1.2.8 Contractor. A contractor, sub- contractor, specialty contractor or other entity as designated in the project documents, responsible for part of the construction process on a construction project. 1.2.9 Cross Braces. The horizontal members of a shoring system installed perpendicular to the sid

35、es of the excavation, the ends of which bear against either uprights or wales. 1.2.10 Design. To formulate, evaluate, and prepare plans and/or specifications for a device, system, slope or other means to protect workers in excavations. All worker-protection designs shall be prepared by registered pr

36、ofessional engineers. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.12-1998 (R2010) 13 1.2.11 Excavation. Any manmade cut, cavity, trench, or depression in an earth surface, formed by earth removal. 1.2.12 Excavation Competent Person. One who has received training and can demonstrate knowledge, skills, and abiliti

37、es to fulfill the duties required by this standard and who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions that are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has the authorization and the responsibility to take prompt corrective me

38、asures to eliminate or control the hazards and conditions. 1.2.13 Excavation Safety and Health Plan. The written safety and health plan developed by the contractor for the excavation work that describes the requirements and procedures to be implemented. See Section 2. 1.2.14 Faces. The vertical or i

39、nclined earth surfaces formed as a result of excavation work. 1.2.15 Failure. The breakage, displace-ment, or permanent deformation of a structural member, mass, component, or connection so as to reduce the structural integrity and/or the supportive capabilities of the worker-protection system. 1.2.

40、16 Hazardous Atmosphere. An atmosphere that, (by reason of being explosive, flammable, poisonous, corrosive, oxidizing, irritating, oxygen deficient, toxic, or otherwise harmful), may cause death, illness, or injury. 1.2.17 Kickout. The accidental release or failure of a cross brace. 1.2.18 Owner. T

41、he public body or authority, corporation, association, firm or person with whom the contractor has entered into an agreement and for whom the work is to be provided. 1.2.19 Protective System. Method employed by the contractor to protect employees from cave-ins, from material falling or rolling into

42、an excavation, or from the collapse of adjacent structures. Protective systems include support systems, sloping and benching systems, shield (trench box) systems, and other systems that provide the necessary protection. 1.2.20 Ramp. An inclined walking or working surface that is used to gain access

43、to one point from another, and is constructed from earth or from structural materials such as steel or wood. 1.2.21 Registered Professional Engi-neer. A person who is licensed as a professional engineer in the state where the work is to be performed. However, a professional engineer licensed in any

44、state is deemed to be a registered professional engineer within the meaning of this standard when approving designs for manufactured protective systems or tabulated data to be used in interstate commerce. 1.2.22 Sheeting. The members of a shoring system that retain the earth in position and in turn

45、are supported by other members of the shoring sister. Sheeting is 2 or 3 inch or thicker dimension lumber as specified in Appendixes C and D or manufactured members of equivalent strength. 1.2.23 Shield or Trench Box (Shield System). A structure that is able to withstand the forces imposed on it by

46、a cave-in and thereby protect employees within the structure. Shields can be permanent structures or can be designed to be portable and moved along as work progresses. Additionally, shields can be either pre-manufactured or job-built in accordance with Sections 3.3.3 or 3.3.4. Shields used in trench

47、es are usually referred to as trench boxes or trench shields. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD A10.12-1998 (R2010) 14 1.2.24 Shoring (Shoring System). A structure such as a metal hydraulic, mechanical, or timber shoring system that supports the sides of an excavation and which is designed to prevent cave-

48、ins. 1.2.25 Sides. See Faces. 1.2.26 Sloping (Sloping System). A method of protecting employees from cave-ins by excavating to form sides of an excavation that are inclined away from the excavation so as to prevent cave-ins. The angle of incline required to prevent a cave-in varies with differences

49、in such factors as the soil type, environmental conditions of exposure, and application of surcharge loads. 1.2.27 Stable Rock. Natural solid mineral material that can be excavated with vertical sides and will remain intact while exposed. Unstable rock is considered to be stable when the rock material on the side or sides of the excavation is secured against caving-in or movement by rock bolts or by another protective system that has been designed by a registered professional engineer. 1.2.28 Subcontractor. An individual, firm or corporation having direct contract with a contra