AIAA S-113-2005 Criteria for Explosive Systems and Devices on Space and Launch Vehicles《空间和运载火箭爆炸性系统和设备标准》.pdf

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1、 Standard AIAA S-113-2005 Criteria for Explosive Systems and Devices on Space and Launch Vehicles AIAA standards are copyrighted by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), 1801 Alexander Bell Drive, Reston, VA 20191-4344 USA. All rights reserved. AIAA grants you a license as f

2、ollows: The right to download an electronic file of this AIAA standard for storage on one computer for purposes of viewing, and/or printing one copy of the AIAA standard for individual use. Neither the electronic file nor the hard copy print may be reproduced in any way. In addition, the electronic

3、file may not be distributed elsewhere over computer networks or otherwise. The hard copy print may only be distributed to other employees for their internal use within your organization. AIAA S-113-2005 Standard Criteria for Explosive Systems and Devices on Space and Launch Vehicles Sponsored by Ame

4、rican Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Approved 10 November 2005 Abstract This standard establishes criteria for design, manufacture, and performance certification of explosive systems and explosive devices commonly used on launch, upper stage, and space vehicle systems. The requirements co

5、ntained in this specification are intended to serve as a universal set of tools for use by explosive system manufacturers and users during all phases of development and certification. This information may also be used for guidance during preparation of acquisition contracts and program-specific docu

6、ments, and may be used for explosive system applications unrelated to space vehicles. AIAA S-113-2005 ii Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Criteria for explosive systems and devices used on launch and space vehicles / Sponsored by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

7、p. cm. “AIAA S-113-2005 Standard.“ Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 1-56347-772-6 (hardcopy) - ISBN 1-56347-773-4 (electronic) 1. Explosives in astronautics-Standards. TL784.P9.C75 2005 629.475-dc22 2005012387 Published by American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 1801 Alexander Be

8、ll Drive, Reston, VA 20191 Copyright 2005 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States

9、of America AIAA S-113-2005 iii Contents Forewordvi Introduction viii 1 Scope 1 2 Tailoring 1 3 Applicable Documents . 1 4 Vocabulary 1 4.1 Acronyms and Abbreviated Terms 1 4.2 Terms and Definitions 3 5 Design Requirements. 7 5.1 General Requirements. 7 5.2 Margin Requirements. 15 5.3 System Design R

10、equirements . 17 5.4 Component Design Requirement 25 5.5 Operations and Maintenance 34 6 Verification Requirements 36 6.1 General . 36 6.2 Margin Verification 42 6.3 Functional Test Requirements. 48 Annex A Test Tables. 51 A.1 Tables . 51 Annex B Nondestructive Inspections and Test 60 B.1 Method 101

11、 Visual Inspection 60 B.2 Method 102 Dimensional Inspection 61 B.3 Method 103 Seal Effectiveness 62 B.4 Method 104 Bridgewire Resistance . 65 B.5 Method 105 Thermal Time Constant . 66 B.6 Method 106 Continuity Test of Bridge Circuit with Built-in Spark Gap. 68 B.7 Method 107 Spark Gap Breakdown. 69

12、B.8 Method 108 Laser Optical Time Domain Reflectometry Measurements . 70 B.9 Method 109 Dielectric Strength 71 B.10 Method 110 Insulation Resistance . 72 B.11 Method 111 X-ray Radiographic Inspection 73 B.12 Method 112 N-ray Radiographic Inspection 74 B.13 Method 113 S therefore, users are encourage

13、d to consider tailoring these criteria to best fit individual applications. However, the tailored requirements shall achieve a level of verification equivalent to the baseline described herein. Rationale for each tailored requirement shall be established. If the requirements in this specification ar

14、e not tailored by a contract, they stand as written. 3 Applicable Documents The following applicable documents contain provisions that, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein,

15、the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. AIA NASM 33540 General Practices for Safety Wiring, Safety Cabling, Cotter Pinning AIAA-2005-4039 Advanced Applications of Statisti

16、cal Methods in Testing of Energetic Components and Systems AIAA S-114 Moving Mechanical Assemblies for Space and Launch Vehicles CFR, Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations, Transportation MIL-STD-810 Environmental Engineering Considerations and Laboratory Tests MIL-STD-1168 Ammunition Lot Numbering a

17、nd Ammunition Data Card 4 Vocabulary 4.1 Acronyms and Abbreviated Terms BKNO3 Boron Potassium Nitrate BNCP Tetra-amine bis(5-nitro-2H-tetrazolato-N2) cobalt(III) perchlorate CAD Cartridge Actuated Device AIAA S-113-2005 2 CP Penta-amine(5-cyano-2H-tetrazolato-N2) cobalt(III) perchlorate CSC Conical

18、Shaped Charge DDT Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition EBW Exploding Bridgewire Device EED Electro-Explosive Device EFI Exploding Foil Initiator EFP Explosively Formed Projectile EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility EMI Electromagnetic Interference ESD Electrostatic Discharge ET Explosive Train ETA Ex

19、plosive Transfer Assembly F/CDC Flexible/Confined Detonating Cord F/LSC Flexible/Linear Shaped Charge GRMS Root Mean Square Average Acceleration in Units of Gravity HBW Hot Bridgewire Device HE High Explosive HMX His Majestys Explosive or High Melting Explosive, Cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine HN

20、S Hexanitrostilbene HVD/I High Voltage Detonator/Initiator LID Laser Initiated Device LPI Lanyard Pull Initiator LSC/A Linear Shaped Charge/Assembly MDF Mild Detonating Fuse MPE Maximum Predicted Environment MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet NDT Non-Destructive Tests NSI NASA Standard Initiator OTDR O

21、ptical Time Domain Reflectometry PETN Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate RDX Research and Development Explosive, Cyclonite, or Cyclotrimethylene Trinitramine AIAA S-113-2005 3 RF/I Radio Frequency/Interference S the system includes detonating cord in a ductile metal tube and a structure containing geometr

22、ically controlled stress risers Exploding Bridgewire Device (EBW) EED in which the bridgewire explodes when functioned; this explosion is used to directly initiate secondary explosive materials Exploding Foil Initiator (EFI) detonator that produces a shock output from high voltage acceleration of a

23、flyer plate that impacts the acceptor charge at supersonic speed NOTE The EFI contains no primary explosive material. Explosion exothermic chemical reaction resulting in a sudden conversion of potential energy into kinetic energy, heat, light, sound, and gas Explosive material which is capable of un

24、dergoing an explosion Explosive Train (ET) series of explosive components including the first element, explosive transfer assembly, and explosively actuated device AIAA S-113-2005 5 Explosive Transfer Assembly (ETA) series of explosive components used to transfer the explosive signal from the first

25、element to the explosively actuated device Explosively Actuated Device device that converts explosive energy into mechanical work Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP) variant on the conical shaped charge in which the concave metallic liner is a hemisphere of very small curvature which is converted in

26、to a kinetic energy penetrator when detonated Flexible Confined Detonating Cord (FCDC) CDC whose over-wrap material allows for flexure of the cord for ease in handling and installation Flexible Linear Shaped Charge (FLSC) LSC with a ductile metal sheath which may be conformed to installation envelop

27、e High Explosive any chemical material in which the fuel and oxidizer are contained in the same molecule, the decomposition of which is a detonation High Voltage Detonator/Initiator see Exploding Bridgewire Device Hot Bridgewire Device low voltage EED Laser Initiated Device (LID) first element conta

28、ining explosives that is ignited by laser energy Linear Shaped Charge linear explosive charge in a metal sheath whose cross-section is formed into a chevron shape NOTE The chevron shape results in a jet of flowing sheath material expelled perpendicular to the linear propagation of detonation waves.

29、Mild Detonating Fuse (MDF) thin ductile metal tube containing high explosives NASA Standard Initiator (NSI) EED designed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Percussion method of initiating an explosive reaction by intentional sudden pinching, crushing or otherwise compressing explos

30、ive materials, as between a blunt firing pin and an anvil Primary Explosive extremely sensitive explosive material that will detonate in response to normal environmental stimuli Procuring Authority organization(s) imposing requirements of this document Propellant deflagrating explosive material whos

31、e output is essentially gaseous Pyrotechnics mixtures of inorganic fuels and oxidizers that can explode AIAA S-113-2005 6 Receptor see Acceptor Refurbish partially replace components or elements in an explosive device or system to maintain reliability or extend service life Repair to perform work on

32、 a non-compliant device which renders it useable but not fully compliant with specification and/or drawing requirements Rework to perform work on a defective device which renders it useable and fully compliant with specification and/or drawing requirements Rotor Lead explosive charge contained in a

33、can or in pellet form used within a device to transfer a detonation from one point to another downstream of the first element Safe and Arm Device (S b) safe and arm housing to structure: Less than 10 M; c) non-electrical ordnance component to non-electrical component or to structure: Less than 1 ; d

34、) non-electrical, linear ordnance component end to end (LSC, FLSC, FCDC, etc): Less than 10 . 5.1.16 Manufacturing and Quality 5.1.16.1 General Explosive components and systems shall be manufactured in accordance with established processes and criteria that can be verifiable by established quality c

35、ontrol methods. Development testing shall validate use of any innovative manufacturing technique before subjecting manufactured items to tests of this specification. Quality of all manufactured items shall be assessed and results documented. Traceability of critical materials, components, and proces

36、ses shall be documented for each manufacturing lot. 5.1.16.2 Configuration Control The manufacturing of explosive devices shall be accomplished in accordance with documented requirements, procedures, and process controls that ensure the reliability and quality required. Manufacturing and process con

37、trols including flow charts and referenced specifications, procedures, drawings, and supporting documentation establishes a supplier-controlled qualified baseline to ensure subsequent production items are equivalent in performance, quality, configuration, and reliability to initial production items

38、used for qualification. This baseline shall be documented and controlled by the supplier. Any change to this qualified baseline shall be documented by the supplier and shall be submitted to the procuring authority for evaluation. These changes, which shall be controlled by the supplier, provide the

39、basis for flight accreditation of subsequent production lots. 5.1.16.3 Production Lot Explosive items shall be manufactured and tested in individual production lots during the various stages of manufacturing to assure that all items in a production lot are assembled to the approved configuration dur

40、ing the same time period using the same production materials, tools, methods, personnel, and controls. AIAA S-113-2005 14 Any interruption of a continuous manufacturing process shall be identified by the supplier. Units on either side of the interruption shall be considered to belong to sub-lots. In

41、-process inspections and tests and acceptance testing shall verify that all sub-lots demonstrate homogeneous attributes and performance. If this is true, the subgroups shall henceforth be considered to belong to one lot. Each production lot shall be loaded with explosive materials manufactured, hand

42、led, stored, processed, and tested as a single lot. Critical non-explosive materials shall also be lot controlled. Materials and parts that must be single lot controlled shall be identified for each design and properly controlled during lot manufacturing. 5.1.16.4 In-process Tests and Inspections Th

43、e fabrication process shall provide for in-process tests and inspections. Documentation describing results of tests and inspections performed during manufacture of components containing or operated by explosive materials shall be made available to end item users before or on delivery of the items. T

44、hese in-process test and inspection records shall be used as a means to measure validity of post-delivery tests and inspections of like parameters. 5.1.16.5 Refurbishment Explosive components shall be considered one-shot items. They shall not be refurbished for flight use after firing. 5.1.16.6 Iden

45、tification and Marking Explosive systems and components shall be permanently identified, to include as a minimum the part number, serial number, and manufacturer identifier. 5.1.16.6.1 Not-For-Flight Marking Items not suitable for flight use, which could be substituted for flight or flight spare har

46、dware, shall be red tagged or striped with a unique color paint, or both to prevent such substitution. The red tag shall be conspicuous and marked “NOT FOR FLIGHT.“ 5.1.16.6.2 Lot Number Lot numbers shall be assigned to each production lot in accordance with MIL-STD-1168. 5.1.16.6.3 Serial Number Co

47、mponents or assemblies requiring control shall be assigned a unique (non-repeating) serial number for each unit manufactured. This serial number shall be assigned at an appropriate point in the manufacturing flow. This serial number shall be permanently marked on the item. If impractical, bag and ta

48、g is allowed. 5.1.17 Explosive Hazard Data Explosive hazard data shall be maintained for each component, subassembly, and assembly, as appropriate. Data shall include chemical compositions and weights, net explosive weight, safety information, and may be contained in documents such as MSDS, Hazardou

49、s Component Safety Data Statements, or Competent Approval Authority letters. Data shall be updated as configuration changes are made and traceable to configuration. 5.1.17.1 Explosive Hazard Classification The explosive component, subsystem, or system manufacturer is responsible for obtaining documentation that defines appropriate transportation and handling classification for each configuration produced for the AIAA S-113-2005 15 countries, states, or localities through which it will be transported. The manufacturer shall include this documentation and