Internet and World Wide Web.ppt

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1、Internet and World Wide Web,Which came first - Internet or WWW?,The Internet,Internet is a network of interconnected computers that is now global Internet born in 1969 - called ARPANET 1969 ARPANET was connection of computers at UCLA, Stanford, UCSB, Univ. of Utah,State of computers?,What was the st

2、ate of computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s?,Computers late 60s & 70s,No Personal Computers all large mainframe computers in late 60s Mid 1970s initial personal computers Altair: Box with blinking lights Late 1970s Apple 2, first usable PC,Personal Computing?,Just a box with blinking lights N

3、ot where Networking/ Internet was being developed,Internet - 1970s,1972 - Telnet developed as a way to connect to remote computer 1972 Email introduced 1977 - U. Wisconsin has first “large” Email system - 100 users 1973 - ARPANET goes international 1973 - File Transfer Protocol (FTP) established,Sta

4、te of computers?,What was the state of computers in the early 1980s?,Computers 1980s,1981 IBM PC 1984 Apple Macintosh 1986 Modem becomes option on PCs,Internet - 1980s,1984 - Domain Name Server introduced allows naming of hosts, no longer numeric 1986 - NSFNET created in 1990, becomes backbone of mo

5、dern Internet when ARPANET is decommissioned Completely privatized by 1995 56 K interconnection initially, increased rapidly,Internet Timeline,Barry M. Leiner, Vinton G. Cerf, David D. Clark, Robert E. Kahn, Leonard Kleinrock, Daniel C. Lynch, Jon Postel, Larry G. Roberts, Stephen Wolff. A Brief His

6、tory of the Internet. Internet Society. http:/www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml,NSF Net,Internet 1990s,1991 - Tim Berners-Lee releases World Wide Web! TBL is computer programmer at CERN, a physics lab in Europe (new book Weaving the Web by TBL) 1993 - Mosaic (becomes Netscape) designed by gr

7、aduate students at University of Illinois first point-and-click browser later developed into Netscape Navigator These are the two most significant events in the formation of the WWW,Internet 1990s,1991 - Tim Berners-Lee releases World Wide Web! TBL is computer programmer at CERN, a physics lab in Eu

8、rope (book Weaving the Web by TBL) 1993 - Mosaic (becomes Netscape) designed by graduate students at University of Illinois first point-and-click browser later developed into Netscape Navigator These are the two most significant events in the formation of the WWW,World Wide Web,Via Internet, compute

9、rs can contact each other Public files on computers can be read by remote user usually HyperText Markup Language (.html) URL - Universal Resource Locator - is name of file on a remote computer http:/www.msu.edu/urquhar5/tour/active.html,HTTP,World Wide Web uses HTTP Servers, better known as web serv

10、er Receive HTTP type request and send requested file in packets,Web Browsers,Mosaic (1993) was first point-and-click browser Web browsers are the software we use to view web pages Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer are most popular Netscape Navigator was original, but Microsoft leveraged IE on

11、 market,State of computers?,What was the state of computers in the early to mid 1990s?,Computer History 1990s,Windows 95 GUI made computing easier for PC-bound masses Windows 95 + Internet (AOL, others) Huge increase in number of home PCs Computer on every desk in workplace,Universal Resource Locato

12、r,http:/www.msu.edu/urquhar5/tour/active.html,www.msu.edu Domain Name - name of remote computer,http:/ identifies type of transfer,/urquhar5/tour/active.html File Location on Remote Computer,21st Century File Sharing,Internet allowed sharing of simple information FTP was initial file sharing system,

13、 but a bit hard to use WWW advanced type of info allowed, but not designed for file-sharing Napster, KaZaA, Morpheus and LimeWire are file-sharing.,Napster,Napster was a music sharing community Used a central server to catalog who had what This central server violated music industrys copyrights Naps

14、ter now screens transfers to see if they are copyrighted material,Peer to Peer,Peer to Peer (P2P) file sharing LimeWire is good one KaZaA is faster and more advanced Kazaa Lite is preferred by many Morpheus is modified KaZaA for Music City Network really messed up these days Each person has a “node”

15、 that advertises his or her files Supernodes compile lists of what nodes have,Collapse of the Information Economy,Huge economic growth in late 1990s was due to “prospecting” on up-and-coming Internet companies Most were never profitable A has posted two quarterly profits since going public in 1997! Major Internet Backbone Providers (Worldcom, Global Crossing) are struggling,