专业八级-229 (1)及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-229 (1)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BHow to develop the willpower/B Just as someone puts it, willpower is a trait we re either born with or not. It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help up achieve our goals. The following are some ways

2、 on how to develop it: B Be positive./B 1) Willpower is most dynamic when applied to positive, uplifting (1) _. (1)_. 2) When encountering a tough job, we can depend a lot on positive willpower in overcoming inertia and focus on (2) _. (2)_. B Make up your mind./B In James Prochaska s opinion, there

3、 are four stages in making a change: 1) precontemplation: resisting the change, 2) contemplation: weighing (3) _. (3) _. 3) action: exercising willpower to make the change, 4) and maintenance: using willpower to (4) _ the change. (4) _. So, in order to focus and mobilize your efforts, we must set a

4、deadline. B (5) _ your will./B (5) _. With the determination to become among the best form of the foul line, the basketball star, New Jersey Sen. Bill Bradley with the champion New York Knicks developed the highest (6) _ of successful free throws on his team. (6) _. B Expect trouble./B In the exampl

5、e of smoke, a lot of person had summoned the (7) _ to quit, (7) _. but couldnt remain disciplined. B Be realistic./B One should divide the objective into one-day segments, and then renew the resolve the next day, or add failure may (8) _ the desire to try again. (8) _. B Be patient/B A strong will d

6、oesnt develop overnight. It takes shape in increments, and there can be (9) _. (9) _. B Keep it up./B Once you have the willpower to quit (10) _, you can gain confidence to (10) _. confront other challenges.（分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/

7、B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).What subject is Mr. Pitt good at?（分数：1.00）A.Art.B.French.C.German.D.Chemistry.(2).What does Mr. Pitt NOT do in his spare time?（分数：1.00）A.Doing a bit of acting and photography.B.Going to concerts frequently.C.Playing traditional jazz and folk music.D.Traveling in Europe by hitch-h

8、iking.(3).When asked what a manager s role is, Mr. Pitt sounds _.（分数：1.00）A.confidentB.hesitantC.resoluteD.doubtful(4).What does Mr. Pitt say he would like to be?（分数：1.00）A.An export salesman working overseas.B.An accountant working in the company.C.A production manager in a branch.D.A policy maker

9、in the company.(5).Which of the following statements about the management trainee scheme is TRUE?（分数：1.00）A.Trainees axe required to sign contracts initially.B.Trainees performance is evaluated when necessary.C.Trainees starting salary is 870 pounds.D.Trainees cannot quit the management scheme.三、BSE

10、CTION C/B(总题数：3，分数：5.00)I Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following questions. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).Now the U.S. economy growth rate is _.（分数：1.00）A.higher than 1995 to 2000B.lower tha

11、n 1973 to 1995C.as good as 1995 to 2000D.the same as 1993 to 1995(2).Dale Jorgenson points out that the 2.78 grow rate will be continued in the next _.（分数：1.00）A.2 yearsB.10yearsC.20 yearsD.5 years1.Around how many tons of hazardous waste does the world produce each year?（分数：1.00）A.150 million.B.1.5

12、0 million.C.15 million.D.50 million.I Questions 9 to 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news./I（分数：2.00）(1).What is the reason of the decline of the number of the wild horses?（分数：1.00）A.Climate chan

13、ge and human activities.B.The hunting and culling.C.Fanning and industrializing.D.Mass killing caused by people.(2).Whom does the provision intend to sell the wild horses for?（分数：1.00）A.Federal government.B.The horse-lovers.C.The people who kill the wild horse.D.The native people.四、BPART READING (总题

14、数：5，分数：20.00)BTEXT A/BThe bizarre antics of sleepwalkers have puzzled police, perplexed scientists, and fascinated writers for centuries. There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers. Person have been said to climb on steep roofs, solve mathematical problems, compose music, walk though p

15、late glass windows, and commit murder in their sleep.How many of these stories have a basic in fact, and how many are pure fakery? No one knows, but if some of the most sensational stories should be taken with a barrel of salt, others are a matter of record.In Revere, Massachusetts, a hundred police

16、men combed a waterfront neighborhood for a lost boy who left his home in his sleep and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living room, with no idea how he had gone there.There is an early medical record of a somnambulist who wrote a novel in his sleep. And the great French write

17、r Voltaire knew a sleepwalker who once got our of bed, dressed himself, made a polite bow, danced a minute, and then undressed and went back to bed.At the university of Iowa, a student was reported to have the habit of getting up in the middle of the night and walking three-quarters of a mile to the

18、 Iowa River. He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed.The world s champion sleepwalker was supposed to have been an Indian, Pandit Ramrakha, who walked sixteen miles along a dangerous road without realizing that he had left his bed. Second in line for the title is probably either a V

19、ienna housewife or a British farmer. The woman did all her shopping on busy streets in her sleep. The farmer, in his sleep, visited a veterinarian miles away.The leading expert on sleep in American claims that he had never seen a sleepwalker. He is Dr. Nathaniel Kleitman, a physiologist at the Unive

20、rsity of Chicago. He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man, and during the last thirty-five years had lost a lot of sleep watching people sleep. Says he, “Of course, I know that there are sleepwalkers because I have read about them in the newspapers. But none of my sleepwalkers

21、ever walked, and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, I doubt that I d get many takers.“Sleepwalking, nevertheless, is a scientific reality. Like hypnosis, it is one of those dramatic, eerie, awe - inspiring phenomena that sometimes border on the fantastic. It lends itself to c

22、ontroversy and misconceptions. What is certain about sleepwalking is that it is a symptom of emotional disturbance, and that the only way to cure it is to remove the worries and anxieties that cause it. Doctors say that somnambulism is much more common than is generally supposed. Some have set estim

23、ated that there are four million somnambulists in the United States. Others set the figure even higher. Many sleepwalkers do not seek help and so are never put on record, which means that an accurate count can never be made.The simplest explanation of sleepwalking is that it is the acting out of viv

24、id dream. The dream usually comes from guilt, worry, nervousness, or some other emotional conflict. The classic sleepwalker is Shakespeare s Lady Mac Beth. Her nightly wanderings were caused by her guilty conscience at having committed murder. Shakespeare said of her, “The eyes are open but their se

25、nse is shut.“The age-old question is: Is the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep? Scientists have decided that he is about half-and-half. Like Lady Mac Beth, he had weighty problems on his mind. Dr. Zelda Teplitz, who made a ten-year study of the subject, say, “Some people stay awake all night worr

26、ying about their problems. The sleepwalker thrashes them out in his sleep. He is awake in the muscular area, partially asleep in the sensory area.“ In other words, a person can walk in his sleep, move around, and do other things, but he does not think about what he is doing.There are many myths abou

27、t sleepwalkers. One of the most common is the idea that it s dangerous or even fatal to waken a sleepwalker abruptly. Experts say that the shock suffered by a sleepwalker suddenly awakened is no greater than that suffered in waking up to the noise of an alarm clock. Another mistaken belief is that s

28、leepwalkers are immune to injury. Actually most sleepwalkers trip over rugs or hump their heads on doors at some time or other.What are the chances of a sleepwalker committing a murder or doing something else extraordinary in his sleep? Some cases of this have been reported, but they very rarely hap

29、pen. Of course the few cases that are reported receive a great deal of publicity. Dr. Teplitz say, “Most people have such great inhibitions against murder or violence that they would awaken - if someone didnt waken them.“ In general, authorities on sleepwalking agree with her. They think that people

30、 will not do anything in their sleep that is against their own moral code. As for the publicized cases, Dr. Teplitz points out, “Sleepwalking itself is dramatic.sleepwalkerscan always find an audience. I think that some of their tall tales get exaggerated in the telling.“ In her own file of case his

31、tories, there is not one sleepwalker who ever got beyond his own front door.Parent often explain their children s - or their own - nocturnal oddities as sleepwalking. Sleepwalking is used as an excuse for all kinds of irrational behavior. There is a ease on record of a woman who dreamed that her hou

32、se was on fire and flung her baby out of the window. Dr. Teplitz believes that this instance of irrational behavior was not due to somnambulism. She believes the woman was seriously deranged or insane, not a sleepwalker.For their own protection, chronic sleepwalkers have been known to tie themselves

33、 in bed, lock their doors, hide the keys, bolt the windows, and rip up all sorts of gadgets or wake themselves if they should get out of bed. Curiously enough, they have an uncanny way of avoiding their own traps when they sleepwalk, so none of their tricks seem to work very well. Some sleepwalkers

34、talk in their sleep loudly enough to wake someone else in the family who can then shake them back to their senses.Children who walk in their sleep usually outgrow the habit. In many adults, too, the condition is more or less temporary. If it happens often, however, the sleepwalker should seek help.

35、Although sleepwalking itself is nothing to become alarmed about, the problems that cause the sleepwalking may be very serious.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the phrase “taken with a barrel of salt“ mean at end of the second paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Inconceivable.B.Unbelievable.C.Suspected.D.Implausible.(2).Who

36、was supposed to be the world s champion sleepwalker?（分数：1.00）A.The man walked sixteen miles along a dangerous road.B.The boy walked five hours in his sleep.C.The student habitually walked to the Iowa River and swam in his sleep.D.The man danced a minuet in his sleep.(3).What is true of sleepwalking

37、according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.It is caused by emotional conflict or guilty conscience.B.It is the acting out of a vivid dream.C.Somnambulists are asleep during their sleepwalking.D.It is dangerous to waken a sleepwalker.(4).Dr. Zelda Teplitz _.（分数：1.00）A.studied sleepwalking for at least ten y

38、earsB.concluded that sleepwalkers are partially asleep in their sensory areaC.maintained that it is a mistaken belief that sleepwalkers are immune to injuryD.A and B(5).The writer makes it obvious that _.（分数：1.00）A.sleepwalkers are often awakened by dangersB.the underlying cause of sleepwalking is m

39、ore serious than sleepwalking itselfC.most sleepwalkers are deranged or insaneD.all of the aboveBTEXT B/B“Visual Music“ is a fine-tuned, highly diverting, deceptively radical exhibition about the relationship of music and modem art, lately arrived here at the Hirshhorn Museum. In its hippy-trippy wa

40、y, it rewrites a crucial chapter of history.Its subtitle is “Synaesthesia in Art and Music Since 1900.“ Aristotle formulated the idea that each of the five senses-smell, taste, touch, hearing and sight-had its own proper and distinct sphere of activity. There were overlaps, he said (movement pertain

41、ed both to sight and touch); and he speculated that the mysteries of color harmony might have something to do with musical harmony, an idea that would resonate for centuries. Musical harmony, as an expression of geometry, was thought to be useful to the study of art and architecture from the Renaiss

42、ance on. But the notion that there was an essential separation among the sensual spheres persisted into the early 19th century. At the same time reports began to emerge of rare people who said they experienced two sensations simultaneously: they saw colors when they heard sounds, or they heard sound

43、s when they ate something. The condition was called synaesthesia.It s no coincidence that scientific interest in synaesthesia coincided with the Symbolist movement in Europe, with its stresses on metaphor, allusion and mystery. Synaesthesia was both metaphorical and mysterious. Scientists were puzzl

44、ed. People who claimed to have it couldnt agree about exactly what they experienced. “To ordinary individuals one of these accounts seems just as wild and lunatic as another but when the account of one seer is submitted to another seer,“ noted the Victorian psychologist and polymath Sir Francis Galt

45、on in 1883, “the latter is scandalized and almost angry at the heresy of the former.“I have come across via the color historian John Gage an amusing account from some years later by the phonologist Roman Jakobson, who studied a multilingual woman with synaesthesia. The woman described to him perceiv

46、ing colors when she heard consonants and vowels or even whole words: “As time went on words became simply sounds, differently colored, and the more outstanding one color was, the better it remained in my memory. That is why, on the other hand, I have great difficulty with short English words like ju

47、t, jug, lie, lag, etc.: their colors simply run together.“ Russian, she also told Jakobson, has % lot of long, black and brown words,“ while German scientific expressions “are accompanied by a strange, dull yellowish glimmer.“（分数：3.00）(1).What does the word “synaesthesia“ refers to?（分数：1.00）A.It mea

48、ns that people may appreciate two kinds of beauty at the same time.B.It means that people may enjoy beauty with all senses at the same time.C.It holds that different spheres of senses may overlap.D.It is thoroughly studied by modem science.(2).Concerning the word “synaesthesia“, which of the following statement is NOT tree?（分数：1.00）A.It is derived from the theory of Aristotle.B.There are people who claimed to had experienced it.C.The idea influence