大学四级-1415及答案解析.doc

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1、大学四级-1415 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.在大学校园里，占座是很普遍的现象；2有人认为，大学生课前占座是不文明的行为，也有人持不同意见；3我的看法On College Students Occupying Seats（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)The Price Problem of UniversitiesWhen it comes to tuition (学费) breaks at well-known universitie

2、s, it may sound like a good idea. However, they might not be as good as what they were expected.Stanford is one of the latest universities that announce a new financial-aid package for those middle-class families. Harvard University was the first one to come to the aid of the middle class. Last Dece

3、mber, the university announced sweeping changes to its financial aid policy, eliminating loans and asking students from families with salaries between $ 120,000 and $ 180,000 to pay no more than l0 percent of their familys income to attend. Then came Duke, which vowed to reduce loans for students wi

4、th family incomes up to $ 100 ,000 and also try to establish a loan cap for those wealthier ones. By the end of February, a small group of top private colleges-such as Yale, Pomona, Swarthmore and, most recently, Stanford-all announced their own generous financial aid packages for the middle-income

5、families.The tuition break seems like a very good idea for most people. During the past years, the most selective schools have been steadily raising their tuition. However, even until now, theyve been ignoring the rising volume of complaints from those middle-class parents of high-achieving kids, wh

6、o say that nowadays tuition, room and board at a top private college, which together have already cost more than $ 40,000 a year in many places, is too high.Theyve also been ignoring many enrollment specialists who have long warned that the top schools may soon have a two-tier student body: those fu

7、ll-paying students from the top echelons of the wealthy family and those lower-income kids supported by generous financial aid packages.Nevertheless, what the schools couldnt ignore was the pressure from Congress, where members have questioned why colleges enjoy tax-exempt status at a time when thei

8、r endowments and theft tuitions are rising. Last week, 136 of the nations richest colleges were asked to answer the detailed questions posed by the Senate Finance Committee on their endowments and financial aid policies. The fact-finding letters were sent by Iowa Republican Sen. Chuck Grassley, who

9、also held hearings last fall on the growth of college endowments. How did he try to draw the schools attention? Grassley began to discuss legislation that would require colleges and universities, like other private foundations, to pay out 5 percent of their assets each year toward charitable purpose

10、s, or lose their tax-exempt status, Jill Kozeny, an aide to Grassley, said in an e-mail that the senator would be using information provided by the colleges and universities “to evaluate theft endowments activities in the con- text of tax-exempt laws and the accompanying obligations to taxpayers and

11、 donors“.Some people applaud the middle-class college bailout(摆脱财务困境). “For years top schools have been locked in an arms race, building lavish facilities for their students,“ says Richard Vedder, director of the Center for College Affordability and Productivity. “Its nice to see they are finally co

12、mpeting on price.“But economists say the effects of it may be far-reaching and not all together rosy. For those starters, it will put a lot of pressure on flagship (旗舰级的)public schools, which traditionally educate some of the brightest kids, although they are not necessarily the richest. Formerly, a

13、 high-achieving middleclass kid from Lansing, Mich. , might get accepted at both Harvard and the University of Michigan but opt to stay in-state and graduate debt-free. Now it may be cheaper for that student to attend Harvard. University of Michigan spokeswoman Kelly Cunningham says the school is mo

14、nitoring the developments. “Well probably know the effects over the next few years, as prospective students identify and respond to these opportunities,“ she told NEWSWEEK in an e-mail. John Blackburn, dean of admissions at the University of Virginia, says the new policies at the Ivies will hurt, bu

15、t not too much. Yes, other colleges will lose more top students to the most selective schools that are pro- viding a great deal of financial aid to the middle class, he noted. But the Ivies have long skimmed the cream off his candidate pool. “What you have to remember is that (even with the new fina

16、ncial aid policies) the number of kids that were talking about is very small,“ says Blackburn.At second-and-third-tier private universities, though, the impact could be much more severe. “We do provide what we think are very generous financial aid packages for the middle class,“ says Colgate Univers

17、itys David Hale, vice president for Finance and administration. But Colgate, with an endowment of $ 700 million, has less prestige and cant provide the kind of handouts that Harvard, with its $ 34 billion endowment, can. Colgate isnt changing its financial aid policy, says Hale, “but we do have to b

18、e aware of Whats going on. Schools really compete hard with each other for those students,“Economist Ronald Ehrenberg, director of the Cornel1 Higher Education Research Institute, thinks he knows how the new policies will play out for schools like Colgate, and hes worried. “Each institution wants to

19、 maintain their place in the pecking order(权势等级) ,“ says Ehrenberg. Top colleges have signaled their intention to use their considerable endowments to bid against each other “for the same small group of talented middle-class students“. Second-tier and third-tier schools, which arent sitting on the s

20、ame kind of endowment war chest, “will have to sweeten the packages in order to lure top middle-class kids by taking money away from students who really need it: low-income students. In that case, it would be bad.“Of course, most low-income students are educated at public colleges and universities.

21、But at a time when the United States is failing to keep pace with an increasingly educated global workforce, the notion of narrowing any portal of access to higher education for poor kids seems like a bad idea indeed.（分数：70.00）(1).Policies catering to a low tuition in top universities may turn out t

22、o bring negative effect,（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(2).Harvard University has completely changed its tuition policy for students from middle class families last year.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(3).It has been a tendency that a student has to pay $ 40,000 a year in order to get enrolled in top universities.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:

23、_(4).Experts have long been interested in the education reforms in some top universities.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(5).According to Grassley, if a top university refuses to pay 5% of its assets yearly for charitable purposes, it will be heavily fined.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(6).Traditionally, the best choice for a br

24、ight student from a moderate income family is to attend a first-class public school.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(7).John Blackburn regards the new financial aid policies of top universities as a big threat to those first-class public universities.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(8).Under the new tuition policy, a hard competit

25、ion for bright students will be stimulated between _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).Second and third ranking private universities have to cater for kids from rich families instead of helping those _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).According to the author, the financial aid policies in top universities will in fact narrow

26、 the access to _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.She feels angry.B.She feels tired.C.She feels hungry.D.She feels disappointed.A.He is always happy with his life.B.He is no

27、t easy to deal with.C.He is always complaining.D.He is careless about his children.A.She cant rest well.B.She has too much to read.C.She has to finish a job on time.D.She doesnt Nike her reading class.A.In a kitchen.B.In a market.C.In a garden.D.At a picnic.A.They had a misunderstanding four years a

28、go.B.They really like each other very much.C.Theyve been angry with one another for a long time.D.Theyve never learned how to express their feelings.A.Run in town.B.Jogging more carefully.C.Buy shoes from a catalog.D.Find an easier place to exercise.A.Saying goodbye to a friend.B.Buying a ticket for

29、 a sports event.C.Paying a bill at the bank.D.Arranging a plane trip.A.She is going to stay at home.B.She is going to fix the telephone.C.She is going to call the telephone company.D.She is going to work in the telephone company.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分

30、数：21.00）A.Because she is tired of watching TV.B.Because she enjoys going to the movies.C.Because she is tired of staying at home all day.D.Because there is a good film in the neighborhood theater.A.She saw it years ago.B.The movie theater is too far away.C.The man doesnt want her to see that.D.She w

31、ill not be able to sleep tonight.A.To go and see a horror film.B.To go downtown next Friday.C.To stay home and watch TV.D.To go to a movie in the neighborhood.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.He has never been promoted and feels dull about his work.B.H

32、e doesnt like the glass ceiling in his office.C.He hopes to get an offer of a better position.D.He feels it is an advancement to get this new job.A.He possesses the “can-do“ spirit.B.He is hardworking, responsible and diligent.C.He is qualified with his graduate school training and internship.D.He i

33、s good at motivating people and leading them to work together.A.He is an honest, flexible and easy-going person.B.He worked once as an administration personnel.C.He is a salesman and this time he is selling himself.D.He has just lost his job and is hunting for another one.A.When he cant get his poin

34、t across.B.When people are not receptive to new ideas.C.when he comes into conflict with his colleagues.D.When it is impossible to learn or to grow in his field.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Of course.B.It depends.C.

35、Certainly not.D.It is not mentioned.A.The world would be more beautiful.B.The earth would become less visible from the moon.C.The sunrise and sunset would lose their beauty.D.The sunrise and sunset would become more enjoyable.A.Formation of raindrops in the air.B.Formation of vapor water in the air.

36、C.Development of air pollution.D.Increase of raindrops.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.From taxes.B.From the state legislatures.C.From the Federal government.D.From the parents of the school children.A.It is based on the Federal government.B.It

37、is based on individual school.C.It is based on respective states.D.It is based on local communities.A.50 percent.B.2 percent.C.4 percent.D.6 percent.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.Its very far from the heart of the city.B.Its doors face the 4

38、2nd Street and 5th Avenue.C.Its at the 42nd Street and 15th Avenue crossing.D.Its at the crossroads of 42nd Street and 5th Avenue.A.The Library needs more books and paintings.B.The Librarys running costs are going down.C.It is impossible to grow grass and trees in the heart of New York.D.There are m

39、any precious books of historical value in the Public Library.A.It closes at Saturday and Monday to save money.B.The running cost of the Library is rising.C.The Library is a very special place.D.The government doesnt pay for the Library.A.Because it contains all our knowledge.B.Because it is one of N

40、ew Yorks most valuable buildings.C.Because well-known New York writers and artists are trying to use it.D.Because there are a lot of rooms, in which readers can sit and think in comfort.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)George Daniels lives in London. He is a watchmaker. His work continues the (36) of the

41、English watchmakers of the 18th and 19th centuries. Today that (37) is almost dead. Daniels is the only man in the world who (38) his own watches, makes all the (39) himself, and then puts them together.A Daniels watch is the product of his hands (40) . One of his watches, which is now in an America

42、n museum, took 3,500 hours to (41) . He usually makes one watch a year. Each one is written “Daniels, London“, and costs about $ l0,000. Of course, they are not (42) watches-they are very beautiful and will (43) at least three centuries.George Daniels has always been fascinated by clocks and watches

43、. When he was five, he used to take his fathers clock to pieces, and put it back together again. At school he used to repair the teachers watches. (44) . After he had left the army, he became a professional watch-repair. Then from 1958 to 1968, he restored antique watches, and finally began making h

44、is own watches.(45) . Most of them will be disappointed, he chooses his customers very carefully indeed. “It must be someone who understands the subject.“ He says, “ (46) ./（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Sec

45、tion A(总题数：1，分数：90.00)Supermarket dating, where single person can check each other out via the contents of their baskets, flirt(调情) while weighing vegetable and even walk down the lanes of the market together, is coming to Paris. Lafayette Gourmet, the food hall at the Galeries Lafayette department

46、store in Paris, is about to unleash(释放) the (47) on the worldwide capital of romance. Single shoppers will be (48) on Thursday evening by special purple shopping baskets (49) with a cartoon of a kissing couple, and (50) a glass of champagne and a free photograph if they succeed in picking up a (51)

47、mate. “We noticed that we have an evening client group buying single portion of (52) food, so we decided the demand is there,“ Lafayette Gourmet Director Sylvain Gaudu told reporters. Paris, home to around 900,000 singles, many of whom are (53) working hours as long as in London and New York, has al

48、ready been introduced to speed dating and online dating. The “dating market“ shopping evenings, an idea (54) from the Netherlands, will be jointly run with Yahoo, which already has an online dating service in France. Once shoppers have made eyes at each other through the cereal packets or brushed past each other at the cheese counter, they will be able to chat each other up in the (55) for