GRE10及答案解析.doc

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1、GRE10及答案解析(总分：27.04，做题时间：120 分钟)一、PART ONE （Time：30(总题数：7，分数：7.00)1.Having been -|_|-as immoral by some reviewers of Tess of the D Urbervilles four years earlier, Hardy subsequently -|_|-to preface his work with declamatory caveats.（分数：1.00）A.decried . optedB.established . failedC.answered . choseD.

2、regarded . relinquishedE.ignored . desired2.As a genre the musical has a great deal to -|_|-it: its dramatic rhythmic beats of alternating failure and success are -|_|-to the musical form, and the singing and dancing emerge naturally from the story.（分数：1.00）A.occupy . inimicalB.recommend . appositeC

3、.distract . unknownD.encumber . endemicE.abet . exogamic3.Ancient people felt much -|_|-concerning the notion that the appearance of comets was inauspicious, but nevertheless exhibited -|_|-concerning the proper reaction to the phenomenon.（分数：1.00）A.conviction . apprehensionB.apathy . ignoranceC.dis

4、parity . discordD.consensus . disagreementE.suspicion . hesitancy4.In no sense -|_|-, the billionaires fortunes survived yet another financial panic that saw the bankruptcy of thousands of more prudent investors.（分数：1.00）A.realisticB.immutableC.mercurialD.impecuniousE.considerable5.Performing rote m

5、emory exercises rarely improves the -|_|-of any given subject, but -|_|-may nevertheless be useful to the student preparing for an examination.（分数：1.00）A.coherence . exercisesB.clarity . heuristicsC.comprehensibility . mnemonicsD.succinctness . explicationE.volubility . summarization6.Griffiths earl

6、y output was remarkably -|_|-: it included not only the standard comedies, melodramas, westerns, and thrillers, but also such novelties as adaptations from Browning and Tennyson, and treatments of social issues.（分数：1.00）A.controversialB.originalC.eclecticD.inventiveE.impulsive7.While the causes of t

7、he Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction have received the most attention, Alvarezs paper points out work on the other major mass extinctions that may also be -|_|-for the tragedy.（分数：1.00）A.answerableB.indefensibleC.pitiableD.reprehensibleE.avoidable二、SECTION 2(总题数：1，分数：1.00)Since her own era, Christina R

8、ossettis devout Christianity has often been seen as a characteristic setting her apart from the other avowedly non-Christian members of the Pre-Raphaelite circle. In designating their movement a form of“aesthetic mysticism“, one established critic, Alice Law described the place Pre-Raphaelitism hold

9、s in the development of Victorian artistic culture as a movement away from a predominantly religious and moralizing function toward a culture of aestheticismprecisely what Rossettis work has long been thought to reject. The Pre-Raphaelites attention to picturesque detail, the medievalist atmosphere

10、and settings, the pervasive melancholy of their works, and their awareness of their arts primarily Christian literary and pictorial originsall these have been traditionally downplayed in their similarity to the characteristics of Christina Rossettis poetry. This belief persists, despite the distinct

11、ly religious “atmosphere“ of much of the work produced by both generations of Pre-Raphaelites: its employment of biblical images and typology; of religious figural language; and, more especially and pervasively, of medievalist backgrounds and settings that were seen by their early audiences to have

12、clearly devotional, if not dangerously “Romanist“, associations. When discussing Pre-Raphaelitism as an historical movement, we must remember that the first brotherhood was inspired largely by a sacramental aesthetic that tended to alienate Victorian society, which generally abhorred the notion of s

13、acrifice. It is true that Rossettis traditional solution to the Romantic and Victorian literary problem of alienation from nature and the more characteristically Victorian problem of despair at lifes meaninglessness, was fundamentally Christian. But with few exceptions, Rossetti relied on the colloq

14、uial and angst-ridden language of both generations of Pre-Raphaelites. Even Swinburne, the Pre-Raphaelite whose anti-orthodoxy and iconoclasm seem to conflict most profoundly with Rossettis values, enthusiastically hailed her. That most Victorians themselves perceived Christina Rossetti as unequivoc

15、ally Pre-Raphaelite in her poetic affinities is clear, for throughout her poetry and much of her prose Christina Rossetti demonstrated true and deep affinities with Pre-Raphaelite aesthetic values, in both innovative and traditional ways. We must not forget her “pictorial“ modes of representation, t

16、he medieval atmosphere and settings that appear repeatedly in her poems, her appreciation of the worlds physical beauty and its expression in lush images, the intensity of her poems, which seems inseparable from their “sincerity“, and not least her preoccupation with love. To a greater extent than f

17、igures more peripheral to the Pre-Raphaelite circle, Christina Rossetti produced works that appear to be dominated by the same aesthetic consciousness and literary values that make Pre-Raphaelitism the central movement which unintentionally spawned the aestheticism of the 1880s and 1890s. Pre-Raphae

18、litism, in fact, influenced aesthetic thought in a way that made the movement central to the transition from the sentimental moral idealism of the Victorian mainstream to the variously nihilistic, skeptical, and ironic value systems that dominate modern poetry. （分数：1.04）(1).Which of the following mi

19、ght serve as the most appropriate title for the passage?（分数：0.08）A.Rosetti and the Pre-Raphaelites: A HagiographyB.The Pre-Raphaelites: Divergent Styles Within a MovementC.Rossetti and Her Influence: The Development of Victorian PoetryD.The Aesthetics of Religious Poetry: Rossettis ContributionE.Ros

20、settis Estrangement from the Pre-Raphealites: An Exaggerated Notion(2).According to the passage, Rossettis verse and that of other Pre-Raphaelites shares which of the following stylistic characteristics?（分数：0.08）A.A melancholy atmosphereB.The use of religious figural languageC.A rejection of the not

21、ion of sacrificeD.A preference for a Christian solution to aesthetic problemsE.An anti-orthodox iconoclastic approach(3).Thepassage supplies information for answering which of the following questions?（分数：0.08）A.How has Rossettis verse influenced more recent generations of poets?B.How did Rossetti se

22、em to feel about the use of biblical images as a stylistic trait of Pre-Raphealite verse?C.What was the general response of Victoria to the aesthetic transition that Pre-Raphealite poetry effected?D.What was the basis for the Victorian problem of alienation and meaninglessness?E.Which Pre-Raphaelite

23、 held views most diametrically opposed to Rossettis?(4).The author of the passage offers all of the following as characteristics of Pre-Raphaelite art whose significance was ignored in order to isolate Rossettis work as anomalous, EXCEPT -|_|-.（分数：0.08）A.their sober toneB.their usage of the painterl

24、y idiomC.their cognizance of a religious influenceD.their minimalist sensibilityE.their medievalist atmosphere(5).Which of the following, if true, might be an example of the “exceptions“ cited in the second paragraph of the passage?（分数：0.08）A.Despite the generally grave tone of her verse, Rossetti o

25、ften used formal and cheerful language in her poetry.B.Rossetti, unlike her contemporaries, relied upon long cadences to express her mood as a poet.C.Rossetti often preferred rhyme schemes more complicated than those used by her peers.D.Rossettis work demonstrated a more broad-minded intelligence th

26、an that of many Pre-Raphaelites.E.Rossetti, in spite of her romantic aesthetic, made many more attempts at developing style less laden with sentimentality than that of other Pre- Raphaelites.(6).Rossettis “appreciation of the worlds physical beauty and its expression in lush images“ is most probably

27、 alluded to by the author as an example of which of the following?（分数：0.08）A.A sensibility that unites Rossetti to the rest of the Pre-Raphealites.B.A sensibility that distinguish Rossetti as a more accomplished poet than her fellow Pre-Raphealites.C.A suggestion of the reasons behind her choice to

28、rely upon Christian imagery.D.An aesthetic that was rather typical at the time for Victorian poets.E.An aesthetic that suggests Rossetti may have had influences on poets peripheral to the Pre-Raphealite circle.(7).It can be inferred from the examples given in the passage that medievalist backgrounds

29、 were problematic for Victorians for which of the following reasons?（分数：0.08）A.They symbolized a reliance on irony that was typical not only of PreRaphaelite work but many other controversial movements.B.They concealed an uncomfortable infatuation with the notion of sacrifice.C.They avoided the sent

30、imentality that was most revered and palatable at the time.D.They presented a challenge to the average Victorians reluctance to modernize and become nihilistic.E.Rossetti relied on the colloquial and angst-ridden language of both generations of Pre-Raphaelites.(8).Which of the following, if true, wo

31、uld most likely weaken the significance of Mignot and Aldrichs research?（分数：0.08）A.The numbers of neurotransmitters and receptor levels differs widely between dog brains and human brains.B.Alterations in neurotransmitter and receptor levels might be the result of sleep disturbances, not the cause of

32、 it.C.A particular site in the brains frontal lobe is isolated where the bulk of the neurological damage occurs.D.Too few acetylcholine, dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmitters exist in dog brains to establish their role in narcolepsy.E.An autoimmune dysfunction is conclusively proven to be th

33、e cause in a large but incomplete majority of narcolepsy cases.(9).According to the passage, scientists have positively confirmed that the brains of narcoleptics differ from those of normal brains in which of the following ways?（分数：0.08）A.Narcoleptic brains tend to remove degenerative tissue at a mo

34、re prolific rate than that of nonnarcoleptics.B.Narcoleptics are less responsive to drugs which treat neural autoimmune dysfunction than are nonnarcoleptics.C.Nonnarcoleptics do not possess the same neurological immune antigens as narcoleptics.D.Neurons that control muscle tone are damaged in the br

35、ains of narcoleptics, but not in those of non-narcoleptics.E.Narcoleptics experience greater neural degeneration as a result of aging than do nonnarcoleptics.(10).The passage supplies information to answer which of the following questions?（分数：0.08）A.Which species, human or dog, has greater numbers o

36、f the neurotransmitters that have been hypothetically linked to narcolepsy?B.At what age do human beings first experience the degenerative effects of narcolepsy?C.What role do human leukocyte antigens perform for the human immune system?D.Why did Honda initially suspect that HLAs played a role in na

37、rcolepsy?E.Which of the researchers named in the passage isolated narcolepsy as a distinct syndrome?(11).It may be inferred from the passage that by studying the brains of narcoleptic dogs, the author learned that -|_|-.（分数：0.08）A.neural degeneration may occur too early for scientists to be able dra

38、w many useful conclusions about itB.a loss of neurons would be undetectable unless the deadcellswere concentrated in a particular area of the brainC.pathologists not only were researching the wrong stage of the disease process, but ignoring its unique effects on different speciesD.the brain tends th

39、rough its natural processing to remove the effects of neural degenerationE.the theories of Aldrich and Mignot were largely correct, at least as far as dogs are concerned(12).The development of a thoroughly effective treatment for narcolepsy is regarded by the author as -|_|-.（分数：0.08）A.possible, but

40、 not very importantB.interesting, but too costly to be practicalC.promising, but many years offD.extremely unlikelyE.highly probable(13).The passage implies that research into the cause of human narcolepsy has been complicated by what aspect of the human brain?（分数：0.08）A.The tendency of certain neur

41、ons to resemble foreign matter that HLAs rejectB.A lack of apparent neurological damage caused by a tendency to remove debris through support cellsC.Its susceptibility to diseases like Parkinsons and AlzheimersD.Its tendency to reject the drugs which scientists have developed to treat narcolepsys sy

42、mptomsE.The effects of aging on the symptoms of the diseaseScientists have long sought the reasons for the relatively young age of the majority of Martian meteorites discovered on Earth in comparison with the age of Mars, an enigma exarcebated by the fact that the Martian rocks were ejected Line by

43、only six or seven separate impact events. Previous tests had predicted that driving meteorites to Earth would require a collision with an asteroid immense enough to make a crater 12-kilometers across, but because such huge impacts are extremely infrequent, it was unlikely that enough of them could h

44、ave occurred to explain our planets Martian meteorite collection. Now astronomer James Heads higher-resolution models demonstrate that collisions making craters only three kilometers across can jettison 10 million fragments, each about 10 centimeters across, into space, a distribution sufficient to

45、cause some of them to be found on Earth. Sections of the planet covered by debris (thus likely to be made up of older terrain) would require larger and hence rarer impacts, and thus meteorites which reach Earth are predictably biased toward younger ages.Scientists have long sought the reasons for th

46、e relatively young age of the majority of Martian meteorites discovered on Earth in comparison with the age of Mars, an enigma exarcebated by the fact that the Martian rocks were ejected Line by only six or seven separate impact events. Previous tests had predicted that driving meteorites to Earth w

47、ould require a collision with an asteroid immense enough to make a crater 12-kilometers across, but because such huge impacts are extremely infrequent, it was unlikely that enough of them could have occurred to explain our planets Martian meteorite collection. Now astronomer James Heads higher-resol

48、ution models demonstrate that collisions making craters only three kilometers across can jettison 10 million fragments, each about 10 centimeters across, into space, a distribution sufficient to cause some of them to be found on Earth. Sections of the planet covered by debris (thus likely to be made

49、 up of older terrain) would require larger and hence rarer impacts, and thus meteorites which reach Earth are predictably biased toward younger ages.（分数：-1.00）(1).The passage is primarily concerned with_.（分数：-0.25）A.presenting an argument to support a particular hypothesisB.suggesting an answer to a theoretical qu