【考研类试卷】中医综合-中药学(十九)及答案解析.doc

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1、中医综合-中药学(十九)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)So what is depression? Depression is often more about anger turned (1) than it is about sadness. But its usually (2) as sadness. Depression can (3) at all ages, from childhood to old age, and its the United States No. 1 (4) p

2、roblem.When someone is depressed, her behavior (5) change and she loses interest in activities she (6) enjoyed (like sports, music, friendships). The sadness usually lasts every day for most of the day and for two weeks or more.What (7) depression? A (8) event can certainly bring (9) depression, but

3、 some will say it happens (10) a specific cause. So how do you know if youre just having a bad day (11) are really depressed? Depression affects your (12) , moods, behavior and even your physical health. These changes often go (13) or are labeled (14) simply a bad case of the blues.Someone whos trul

4、y (15) depression will have (16) periods of crying spells, feelings of (17) (like not being able to change your situation) and (18) (like you ll feel this way forever), irritation or agitation. A depressed person often (19) from others. Depression seldom goes away by itself, and the greatest (20) of

5、 depression is suicide. The risk of suicide increases if the depression isnt treated.（分数：10.00）(1).A on B down C inward D up（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A depicted B reported C prohibited D expressed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A happen B convey C fade D deteriorate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A social B academic C literar

6、y D health（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A patterns B links C intuition D conscientiousness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A mostly B once C fairly D desperately（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A cures B checks C triggers D logs（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A solemn B sarcastic C slender D stressful（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A on B around C up D

7、under（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A via B without C due to D out of（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A or B but C and D while（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A monopoly B motion C thoughts D association（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A underestimated B unsettledC unexpected D unrecognized（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A by B as C in D for（分数：0.50）

8、A.B.C.D.(15).A battling B substituting C reproaching D menacing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A justified B extended C identified D matched（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A selfishness B helplessness C strategy D emotion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A vibration B vicinity C reservation D hopelessness（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A wi

9、thdraws B overwhelms C invades D exploits（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A fabric B patent C danger D passion（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)That low moaning sound in the background just might be the Founding Fathers protesting from beyond the

10、 grave. They have been doing it when George Bush, at a breakfast of religious leaders, scorched the Democrats for failing to mention God in their platform and declaimed that a President needs to believe in the Almighty. What about the constitutional ban on “religious test(s)“ for public office? the

11、Founding Fathers would want to know. What about Tom Jeffersons conviction that it is possible for a nonbeliever to be a moral person, “find (ing) incitements to virtue in the comfort and pleasantness you feel in its exercise“? Even George Washington must shudder in his sleep to hear the constant emp

12、hasis on “Judeo- Christian values.“ It was he who wrote, “We have abundant reason to rejoice that in this Land . every person may here worship God according to the dictates of his own heart.“George Bush should know better than to encourage the theocratic ambitions of the Christian right. The “wall o

13、f separation“ the Founding Fathers built between church and state is one of the best defenses freedom has ever had. Or have we already forgotten why the Founding Fathers put it up? They had seen enough religious intolerance in the colonies: Quaker women were burned at the stake in Puritan Massachuse

14、tts; Virginians could be jailed for denying the Bibles authority. No wonder John Adams once described the Judeo-Christian tradition as “the most bloody religion that ever existed,“ and that the Founding Fathers took such pains to keep the hand that holds the musket separate from the one that carries

15、 the cross.There was another reason for the separation of church and state, which no amount of pious ranting can expunge: not all the Founding Fathers believed in the same God, or in any God at all. Jefferson was a renowned doubter, urging his nephew to “question with boldness even the existence of

16、a God.“ John Adams was at least a skeptic, as were of course the revolutionary firebrands Tom Paine and Ethan Allen. Naturally, they designed a republic in which they themselves would have a place.Yet another reason argues for the separation of church and state. If the Founding Fathers had one overa

17、rching aim, it was to limit the power not of the churches but of the state. They were deeply concerned, as Adams wrote, that “government shall be considered as having in it nothing more mysterious or divine than other arts or sciences. Surely the Republicans, committed as they are to “limited govern

18、ment,“ ought to honor the secular spirit that has limited our government from the moment of its birth.（分数：10.00）(1).What is implied in the first sentence?A The president confused religion with state unwisely.B The presidents reference to God annoyed the dead.C The president criticized his opponents

19、for ignorance.D The presidents standpoint was boldly questioned.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The separation of religion and state was designed mainly toA highlight the role of the government.B pay tribute to religious leaders.C limit the command of the government.D encourage the believers ambitions.（分数：2.00

20、）A.B.C.D.(3).When mentioning “Quaker women“ (Para. 2), the author is talking aboutA religious values.B colonial rebels.C church reforms.D wall of separation.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The authors attitude toward the Founding Fathers ideas is one ofA utter indifference.B tactic consent.C slight contempt.D

21、strong denial.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is true according to the author?A The government should bear in mind the intentions of the Founding Fathers,B Anyone without a religious belief will naturally viewed as an immoral person.C The government is entitled to more privileges than ot

22、her social institutions.D Any political leader must get completely free from religious doctrines.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In 1575-over 400 years ago the French scholar Louis Le Roy published a learned book in which he voiced despair over the changes caused by the social and technolog

23、ical innovations of his time, what we now call the Renaissance. We, also, feel that our times are out of joint; we even have reason to believe that our descendants will be worse off than we are.The earth will soon be overcrowded and its resources exhausted. Pollution will ruin the environment, upset

24、 the climate and endanger human health. The gap in living standards between the rich and the poor will widen and lead the angry, hungry people of the world to acts of desperation including the use of nuclear weapons as blackmail. Such are the inevitable consequences of population and technological g

25、rowth if present trends continue.The future is never a projection of the past. Animals probably have no chance to escape from the tyranny of biological evolution, but human beings are blessed with the freedom of social evolution. For us, trend is not destiny (fate). The escape from existing trends i

26、s now facilitated by the fact that societies anticipate future dangers and take preventive steps against expected changes.Despite the widespread belief that the world has become too complex for comprehension by the human brain, modern societies have often responded effectively to critical situations

27、. The decrease in birth rates, the partial prohibition of pesticides and the rethinking of technologies for the production and use of energy are but a few examples illustrating a sudden reversal of trends caused not by political upsets or scientific breakthroughs, but by public awareness of conseque

28、nces.Even more striking are the situations in which social attitudes concerning future difficulties undergo rapid changes before the problems have come to pass - witness the heated arguments about the problems of behavior control and of genetic engineering even though there is as yet no proof that e

29、ffective methods can be developed to manipulate behavior and genes on a population scale.One of the characteristics of our times is thus the rapidity with which steps can be taken to change the orientation of certain trends and even to reverse them. Such changes usually emerge from grass root moveme

30、nts rather than from official directives.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the first two paragraphs, if present trends continue, which one of the following situations will not occur?A An overpopulated earth will be unable to sustain its inhabitants.B The rich will become richer and the poor will become poo

31、rer.C New sources of energy will be substituted for oil and natural gas.D The effects of pollution will pose a dreadful threat to mankind.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The best illustration of the meaning of “trend is not destiny“ in paragraph 3 is thatA human beings are blessed with the freedom of social ev

32、olution.B the world has become too complex for human beings to modify.C preventive steps against catastrophes are difficult to be adopted.D the earth will soon be overcrowded and its resources exhausted.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to the text, evidences of the insight of the public into the dange

33、rs which surround us can be found in all of the following EXCEPTA a decline in birth rates.B opposition to the use of pesticides.C pressing for better power production and energy use.D a rapid increase in the funding of environment research.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The author is in favor of the opinion

34、thatA the reversal of trend caused by scientific advances is out of the question.B nuclear weapons wont play a prominent role in dealings among peoples.C the public is aware of the future dangers and ready to take immediate action.D the trend of rapid development of science and technology seems irre

35、sistible.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The logical organization of the text is thatA an assertion is made, followed by a few examples to illustrate it.B future dangers are stated and relative measures are to be adopted.C a historical trend is stated and evidence is then provided to prove it.D examples of ris

36、ks are given and reasons are then advanced to clarify them.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Democrats on the Senate Judiciary Committee vented their fury over high gasoline prices at executives of the nations five largest oil companies on Wednesday, grilling the oilmen over their multimillio

37、n-dollar pay packages and warning them that Congress was intent on taking action that could include a new tax on so-called windfall profits. Such showdowns between lawmakers and oil titans have become a familiar routine on Capitol Hill. But with gas prices nearing $ 4 a gallon, and lawmakers headed

38、home for a weeklong Memorial Day recess where they expect to get an earful from angry constituents, there is added urgency for Congress to appear active. But while momentum is building for several measures, including a bill that would allow the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries to be

39、 sued in American courts under antitrust laws, there is little sign that any of the proposals would do much, if anything, to lower prices quickly. And the oil executives warned that government intervention might only make things worse. Instead, they called on Congress to allow more drilling and expl

40、oration for domestic oil. The increasing urgency to seem aggressive about gasoline prices was apparent on Tuesday when the House voted by an overwhelming 324 to 84 to approve the bill, commonly referred to as NOPEC, which classifies OPEC as a monopoly in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act. Senat

41、e Democrats have included that measure as part of a package of legislation intended to address the high price of gasoline, along with the tax on windfall profits and a measure to tamp down speculation in the oil futures market that many lawmakers think is contributing to the run-up in prices. At the

42、 Judiciary Committee hearing, Democratic senators struggled to have the executives explain how oil prices had risen so high. The senators expressed doubt that basic laws of supply and demand were at work and suggested instead a more sinister combination of monopolistic behavior by oil-producing coun

43、tries, speculation in the futures markets and sheer corporate greed. On Monday, President Bush signed a bill temporarily suspending the purchase of crude oil for the nations Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Mr. Bush had initially opposed such action but relented after the House and Senate approved the b

44、ill by wide margins. Senator Richard J. Durbin, Democrat of Illinois and a strong supporter of Senator Baraek Obamas presidential bid, made a particularly pointed attack, in which he seemed to warn the oil executives that they would soon no longer have such a good friend in the White House. He also

45、suggested that Mr. Bush should be doing more to press the oil companies to help lower prices at the pump, while acknowledging that it would be difficult to pass a windfall profits tax while Mr. Bush was still in office.（分数：10.00）(1).Senate Democrats were angry with the oilmen because_. A they get ta

46、x-free pay packages B Congress took on actions but in vain C the showdowns were merely a routine D oil prices had risen so high（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).From the text we can learn that the bill allowing OPEC to be sued under antitrust laws_. A handicaps more drilling and exploration for domestic oil B is

47、 a kind of government intervention that only makes things worse C turns out to be less influential to decrease oil price rapidly D is in violation of the Sherman Antitrust Act（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The approval of the bill, NOPEC, on Tuesday implies that_. A it is necessary to impose tax on windfall p

48、rofits B it is urgent to fight against monopoly C it is pressing to think much of the ever-increasing oil prices D it is important to resort to NOPEC（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).According to Democratic senators, which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to soaring oil prices? A The basic laws of supply and demand. B The monopoly of oil-producing countries. C Speculation in the oil futures markets. D Oil companies salivating over profits.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can we infer form the last paragraph? A The nations Strategic Petroleum Reserve is more than adequate. B Democrats