【考研类试卷】考研英语-828及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-828 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The current French bestseller lists are wonderfully eclectic. In (1) . there is everything (2) blockbuster thrillers to Catherine Millers La Vie Sexuelle de Catherine M., a novel which has been (3) praised as high art and (4) as

2、 upmarket porn. Then there are novels (5) the sticky questions of good and (6) (Le Demon et Mademoiselle Prym) and faith versus science m the modern world (Lapparition). Philosophical (7) continue in the non-fiction list. (8) this week by Michel Onfrays “Antimanuel de Philosophic“. a witty talk (9)

3、some of philosophys perennial debates. Those who like their big issues in small chunks are also enjoying Frederic Beigbeders Dernier Inventaire avant Liquidation. a survey of Frances (10) 20th-century books, (11) with Mr. Beigbeders (12) humour from the title on (The 50 books of the Century Chosen b

4、y You and Critiqued by Me),In Britain. meanwhile, there is olive oil all over the non-fiction list. Its a major (13) for Nigella Lawson, a domestic divinity and celebrity (14) , whose latest (15) of recipes tops the list. Annie Hawes, in second (16) . took herself (17) to the sun-drenched hills of I

5、taly to grow her own olives and write a book about them as did Carol Drinkwater, just (18) the border in France. Fiction-wise, its business as (19) , with the requisite holiday mix of thrillers, romance, fantasy and Harry Potter. with The Goblet of Fire still burning (20) at number three.（分数：10.00）A

6、.literatureB.narrativeC.storyD.fictionA.onB.fromC.aboutD.ofA.bothB.equallyC.ratherD.togetherA.approvedB.admiredC.deridedD.scoldedA.attemptingB.dealingC.tacklingD.talkingA.evilB.sinC.wickednessD.badA.topicsB.ideasC.argumentsD.themesA.toppedB.coveredC.overdoneD.surpassedA.ofB.byC.atD.onA.goodB.favouri

7、teC.favorableD.satisfyingA.dealtB.handledC.touchedD.managedA.brandB.trademarkC.markedD.obviousA.ingredientB.constitutionC.partD.factorA.writerB.novelistC.chefD.journalistA.setB.anthologyC.collectionD.albumA.rankB.placeC.pointD.statusA.upB.onC.offD.inA.aboveB.aroundC.aboutD.acrossA.usualB.usuallyC.co

8、mmonD.commonlyA.brightB.intenseC.dazzlingD.brilliant二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)“Making money is a dirty game,“ says the Institute of Economic Affairs. summing up the attitude of British novelists towards business. The IEA. a free market think-ta

9、nk, has just published a collection of essays (The Representation of Business in English Literature) by five academics chronicling the hostility of the countrys men and women of letters to the sordid business of making money. The implication is that Britains economic performance Is retarded by an an

10、ti-industrial culture.Rather than blaming rebellious workers and incompetent managers for Britains economic worries. then, we can put George Orwell and Martin Amis in the dock instead. From Dickenss Scrooge to Amiss John Self in his 1980s novel Money, novelists have conjured up a rogues gallery of m

11、ean. greedy, amoral money-men that has alienated their impressionable readers from the noble pursuit of capitalism.The argument has been well made before, most famously in 1981 by Martin Wiener. an American academic, in his English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit. Lady Thatcher was

12、an admirer of Mr. Wieners. and she led a crusade to revive the “entrepreneurial culture“ which the liberal elite had allegedly trampled underfoot. The present Chancellor of the Exchequer, Gordon Brown, sounds as though he agrees with her. At a recent speech to the Confederation of British Industry,

13、he declared that it should be the duty of every teacher in the country to “communicate the virtues of business and enterprise“.Certainly, most novelists are hostile to capitalism, but this refrain risks scapegoating writers for failings for which they are not to blame. Britains culture is no more an

14、ti-business than that of other countries. The Romantic Movement. which started as a reaction against the industrial revolution of the 21st century, was born and flourished in Germany, but has not stopped the Germans from being Europes most successful entreprcneurs and industrialists.Even the America

15、ns are guilty of blackening businesss name. SMERSH and SPECTRE went our with the cold war, James Bond now takes on international media magnates rather than Rosa Kleb. His films such as Erin Brockovich have pitched downtrodden, moral heroes against the evil of faceless corporatism. Yet none of this s

16、eems to have dented Americas lust for free enterprise.The irony is that the novel flourished as an art form only after, and as a result of. the creation of the new commercial classes of Victorian England, just as the modem Hollywood film can exist only in an era of mass consumerism. Perhaps the mora

17、l is that capitalist societies consume literature and film to let off steam rather than to change the world.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph, the author introduces his topic by_.（分数：2.00）A.posing a contractB.justifying an assumptionC.making a comparisonD.explaining a phenomenon(2).The word “sord

18、id“(Line 4. Par（分数：2.00）A.1) implies_.A. holyB. dirtyC. saintlyD. pure(3).George Orwell and Martin Amis should be responsible for the retarded economy because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are blaming rebellious workers and incompetent managersB.they create an anti-industrial cultureC.the novelists are in favor

19、 of themD.novelists depict them as merciful people(4).American academic Martin Wieners argument_.（分数：2.00）A.sides with the liberal eliteB.is neutral about the virtue of business and enterpriseC.inclines towards the revival of the entrepreneurial cultureD.is hostile to the industrial spirit(5).The be

20、st title for the text may be_.（分数：2.00）A.Hostility of Making-money and the Deeper ThinkingB.Academic Hostility to BusinessC.industrial Spirit RevivalD.Anti-business Wave in Literature World五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Joseph Rykwert entered his field when post-war modernist architecture was coming under

21、fire for its alienating embodiment of outmoded social ideals. Think of the UN building in New York. the city of Brasilia. the UNESCO building in Paris, the blocks of housing “projects“ throughout the world. These tall. uniform boxes are set back from the street, isolated by windswept plazas. They lo

22、ok inward to their own functions, presenting no “face“ to the inhabitants of the city, no “place“ for social interaction. For Mr. Rykwert. who rejects the functionalist spirit of the Athens Charter of 1933. a manifesto for much post-war building, such facelessness destroys the human meaning of the c

23、ity. Architectural form should not rigidly follow function, but ought to reflect the needs of the social body it represents.Like other forms of representation, architecture is the embodiment of the decisions that go into its making, not the result of impersonal forces, market or history. Therefore.

24、says Mr. Rykwert, adapting Joseph de Maistres dictum that a nation has the government it deserves, our cities have the faces they deserve.In this book. Mr. Rykwert. a noted urban historian of anthropological love, offers a flaneurs approach to the citys exterior surface rather than an urban history

25、from the conceptual inside out. He does not drive, so his interaction with the city affords him a warts-and-all view with a sensual grasp of what it is to be a “place“.His story of urbanization begins, not surprisingly, with the industrial revolution when populations shifted and increased, exacerbat

26、ing problems of housing and crime. In the 19th century many planning programs and utopias (Ebenezer Howards garden city and Charles Fouriers “phalansteries“ among them) were proposed as remedies. These have left their mark on 20th-century cities, as did Baron Hausmanns boulevards in Paris, Eugene Vi

27、ollet-le-Ducs and Owen Joness arguments for historical style, and Adolf Looss fateful turn-of-the-century call to abolish ornament which, in turn, inspired Le Corbusiers bare functionalism. The reader will recognize all these ideas in the surfaces of the cities that hosted them: New York. Paris. Lon

28、don, and Vienna.Cities changed again after the Second World War as populations grew. technology raced and prosperity spread. Like it or not, todays cities are the muddled product, among other things, of speed. greed, outmoded social agendas and ill-suited postmodern aesthetics. Some lament the old c

29、itys death; others welcome its replacement by the electronically driven “global village“. Mr, Rykwert has his worries, to be sure. but he does not see ruin or chaos everywhere. He defends the city as a human and social necessity. In Chandigarh, Canberra and New York he sees overall success; in New D

30、elhi, Paris and Shanghai, large areas of falling. For Mr. Rykwert. a man on foot in the age of speeding virtual, good architecture may still show us a face where flaneurs can read the story of their urban setting in familiar metaphors.（分数：10.00）(1).An argument made by supporters of functionism is th

31、at_.（分数：2.00）A.post-war modernist architecture was coming under fireB.UN building in New York blocks the housing projectsC.windswept plazas present “face“ to the inhabitants of the cityD.functionism reflects the needs of the social body(2).The last sentence of the second paragraph implies_.（分数：2.00）

32、A.a government is the embodiment of a countryB.architectural form should reflect the needs of the social bodyC.the cities, as government, should show people perfect appearanceD.making the decision of architecture is a comprehensive project(3).28 The word “exacerbating“(Line 2, Para 4) means_.（分数：2.0

33、0）A.deterioratingB.inspiringC.encouragingD.producing(4).According to Mr. Rykwert, he_.（分数：2.00）A.sees damage here and thereB.is absolutely a functionistC.is completely disappointed with the citys deathD.is looking at the city objectively(5).The author associates the issue of functionism with post-wa

34、r modernist architecture because（分数：2.00）A.they are both Mr. Rykwerts argumentsB.post-war modernist architecture is the representative of functiomsmC.functionism and post-war modernism architecture are totally contradictoryD.Mr. Rykwert supports functiomsm六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Joy Williams quirky

35、fourth novel The Quick and the Dead follows three 16-year-old misfits in an abnormal Charlies Angels set in the American south-west. Driven unclearly to defend animal rights, the girls accomplish little beyond curse: they rescue a wounded ox and hurl stones at stuffed elephants. In what is structura

36、lly a road novel that ends up where it began, the threesome stumbles upon both cruelty to animals and unlikely romance. A mournful dog is killed by an angry neighbor, a taxidermist falls in love with an 8-year-old direct-action firebrand determined that he pays. for his sins. A careen across the bar

37、ely tamed Arizona prairie, this peculiar book aims less for a traditional storyline than a sequence of noisy (often hilarious) conversations, ridiculous circumstances, and absurdist scene. The consequent long-walk-to-nowhere is both the books limitation and its charm.All three girls are motherless.

38、Fiercely political Alice discovers that her parents are her grandparents, who thereupon shrivel: “Lie had kept them young whereas the truth had accelerated them practically into oldness.“ Both parents of the sorrowful Corvus drowned while driving on a flooded interstate off-ramp. The mother of the m

39、ore conventional Annabel (“one of those people who would say, Well get in touch soonest when they never wanted to see you again“) slammed her car drunkenly into a fish restaurant. Later, Annabels father observes to his wifes ghost. “You didnt want to order what I ordered, darling.“ The sharp-tongued

40、 ghost snaps back: “Thats because you always ordered badly and wanted me to experience your miserable mistake.“Against a roundly apocalyptic world view. the great pleasures of this book are line-by-line. Ms. Williams can break setting and character alike in a few slashes: “it was one of those rugged

41、 American places, a remote, sad-ass, but courageous downwind town whose citizens were flawed and brave.“ Alices acerbity spits little wisdoms: putting lost teeth under a pillow for money is “a classic capitalistic consumer trick, designed to wean you away at an early age from healthy horror and sens

42、ible dismay to greedy, deluded, sunny expectancy.“Whether or not the novel, like Alice. expressly advocates animal rights, an animal motif crops up in every scene, as flesh-and-blood “critters“ (usually dead) or plain decoration on crockery. If Ms. Williams does not intend to induce human horror at

43、a pending cruel Armageddon, she at least invokes a future of earthly loneliness, where animals appear only as ceramic-hen butter dishes and extinct-species Elastoplasts. One caution: when flimsy narrative superstructure begins to sag, anarchic wackiness can grow wearing. While The Quick and the Dead

44、 is sharp from its first page, the trouble with starting at the edge is there is nowhere to go. Nevertheless. Ms. Williams is original, energetic and viscously funny: Carl Hiaasen with a conscience.（分数：10.00）(1).The girls in the novel_.（分数：2.00）A.did nothing substantive except criticizing the realit

45、yB.protected animals successfullyC.were cruel to the animalsD.murdered their neighbors dog(2).This novel is attentive to each of the following EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.backgroundsB.conversationsC.traditional storylinesD.scenes(3).The main idea of the novel is_.（分数：2.00）A.caring about the childrenB.how to

46、make crockeryC.fighting with the animal-killersD.animal protection(4).The second paragraph tells us _.（分数：2.00）A.the miserable life of the girlsB.the girls parents are growing oldC.social contradiction and circumstances the girls live inD.the backgrounds of the story and the heroines(5).For Alice, p

47、utting lost teeth under a pillow for money is_.（分数：2.00）A.just a beautiful dreamB.a way to have some hopeC.a way to be away from lustD.a way to prevent one from illness七、Text 4(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Few people, except conspiracy theorists, would have expected so public a spat as the one this week between t

48、he two ringmasters of Formula One (F1) motor racing. Bernie Ecclestone. a very wealthy British motor sport entrepreneur, is at odds. it would seem. with his longstanding associate. Max Mosley, president of Fls governing body, the Federation International de lAutomobile (FIA).On the surface, the disp

49、ute has broken out over what looked like a done deal. Last June. the FIA voted unanimously to extend Mr. Ecclestones exclusive fights to stage and broadcast Fl racing, which expire in 2010, by t00 years. For these favourable rights, Mr. Ecelestone was to pay the FIA a mere $360 million in total, and only $60 million immediately. The FIA claims that Mr. Ecclestone has not made the payment of $60 million, a claim denied by Mr. Ecclestone. who insists the money has been pla