【考研类试卷】考研英语-823及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-823 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、With the development(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.as a matter of factB.for one thingC.on the other handD.as a result2.（分数：0.50）A.businessB.salesC.purchaseD.investment3.（分数：0.50）A.takes inB.lies inC.engages inD.involves in4.（分数：

2、0.50）A.citywideB.countrywideC.nationwideD.worldwide5.（分数：0.50）A.howB.whichC.whereD.when6.（分数：0.50）A.consists ofB.consists inC.convinces ofD.confines to7.（分数：0.50）A.as a resultB.in the endC.in the wayD.above all things8.（分数：0.50）A.multinationalB.internationalC.nationalD.regional9.（分数：0.50）A.entertain

3、mentB.involvementC.evolvementD.development10.（分数：0.50）A.difficultiesB.differencesC.similaritiesD.relationships11.（分数：0.50）A.broadlyB.widelyC.highlyD.deeply12.（分数：0.50）A.recognizeB.distinguishC.discoverD.detect13.（分数：0.50）A.totallyB.necessarilyC.completelyD.definitely14.（分数：0.50）A.howeverB.butC.soD.t

4、herefore15.（分数：0.50）A.prosperityB.aspectC.prospectD.perspective16.（分数：0.50）A.assignB.attendC.devoteD.adapt17.（分数：0.50）A.conspicuousB.consistentC.considerableD.considerate18.（分数：0.50）A.specificallyB.speciallyC.sociallyD.substantially19.（分数：0.50）A.profitsB.benefitsC.advantagesD.cashes20.（分数：0.50）A.com

5、plicationB.conceptionC.cooperationD.combination三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.The fossil fish from the Green River (Paragraph 3 ) were probably preserved because they were（分数：2.00）A.in a deep lake.B.covered by sediment.C.protected by oil.D.buried

6、 slowly.22.In which of the following does the author present the passage?（分数：2.00）A.An argument against a popular concept.B.An explanation of a specific topic.C.A description of a phenomenon.D.An account of something happening.23.Which of the following is LEAST likely to be found as a fossil, assumi

7、ng that all are buried rapidly?（分数：2.00）A.A worm.B.A shark.C.An elephant.D.A human ancestor.24.Which of the following is true of the environments in which fossils are found?（分数：2.00）A.Very different environments can favor fossilization.B.There are few environments in which fossils are protected.C.En

8、vironments that favor fossilization have similar climates.D.Environments that favor fossilization support large populations of animals.25.We can infer from the example of the woolly mammoth that（分数：2.00）A.it used to live in the arctic area only.B.it lived in Siberia long ago.C.it is extinct today.D.

9、it is a long-haired mammal.六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The author calls the wealth of the richest “paper fortunes“ because（分数：2.00）A.their wealth can be easily lost.B.their wealth is greatly influenced by start-up companies.C.their wealth is mainly generated from technology shares.D.their wealth is q

10、uickly devaluated with the up-and-down of house prices.27.How have the business attitudes changed in Britain?（分数：2.00）A.People do not feel guilty about making money.B.Doing business in Britain is even more challenging than in America.C.Todays economic boom cannot surpass Margaret Thatchers boom.D.Th

11、ree-day week showed British people were more sluggish than they are today.28.The “cut-off point for the survey“ ( Paragraph 1 ) refers to（分数：2.00）A.January - the deadline for the survey.B.31 million -the increase of wealth in just 12 months.C.160 million - the total value of the wealth of the riches

12、t 1000.D.146 billion - the collective worth of the countrys richest 1000 people.29.A new tendency emerged in the current boom is that（分数：2.00）A.more and more people start hi-tech business to amass fortune.B.most of the richest make their fortune by inheritance.C.all the richest millionaires are aged

13、 30 or above.D.people are becoming rich at younger age.30.The millennium economic boom in Britain（分数：2.00）A.benefits the richest alone.B.is primarily due to the Internet revolution.C.makes the life of the rest of the population even worse off.D.has added to the Britains wealth by 16% since the late

14、1980s.七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.It is found that insulin（分数：2.00）A.is IQ gene.B.encourages nerves to grow.C.has nothing to do with IQ gene.D.is decisive to the development of intelligence.32.Robert Plomin did the survey involving two groups of students in order to（分数：2.00）A.find out the differences

15、 of intelligence between the students.B.make sure how many chromonsomes a healthy person have.C.detect any genes which influence human beings intelligence.D.find out the IQ differences between children and adults.33.Some geneticists dont accept the IGF2R gene-study because（分数：2.00）A.the subjects are

16、 not selected according to certain standards.B.the subjects are totally different people.C.the findings have not been copied by other researchers.D.the subjects are from groups emphasizing one particular aspect.34.The phrase “with a whole box of salt“ ( Last paragraph) means（分数：2.00）A.questioningly.

17、B.willingly.C.publicly.D.undoubtedly.35.As for how much of IQ comes from genes and how much comes from experiences,（分数：2.00）A.scientists have reached an agreement.B.scientists opinions vary.C.no genes have ever been identified.D.scientists have found many smart genes.八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.What

18、have the Handlins argued about the relationship between racial prejudice and the institution of legal slavery in the English colonies of North America?（分数：2.00）A.Racial prejudice and the institution of slavery arose simultaneously.B.The source of racial prejudice was the institution of slavery.C.Rac

19、ial prejudice most often took the form of the imposition of inherited status, one attribute of slavery.D.Due to the influence of the Roman Catholic church, racial prejudice sometimes did not result in slavery.37.The effects of “several acts of the Maryland and Virginia legislatures“ passed during an

20、d after the 1660s were that they（分数：2.00）A.negatively affected the pre-1660s position of Black as well as of White servants.B.had the effect of impairing rather than improving the position of White servant.C.at the very least, caused the position of White servants to remain no better than it had bee

21、n before the 1660s.D.at the very least, tended to reflect the attitudes toward Black servants that already existed before the 1660s.38.The author considers the explanation put forward by Freyre and Tannenbaum for the treatment accorded Black slaves to be（分数：2.00）A.valid but limited.B.popular but sus

22、pect.C.ambitious but misguided.D.premature and illogical.39.The passage suggests that the existence of a Roman conception of slavery in Spanish and Portuguese colonies had the effect of（分数：2.00）A.extending rather than causing racial prejudice in these colonies.B.hastening the legalization of slavery

23、 in these colonies.C.relieving some of the conditions of slavery for Black people in these colonies.D.delaying the introduction of slavery into the English colonies.40.Regarding the reason for the introduction of legal slavery, the author might agree that the introduction is more likely to be explai

24、ned by reference to（分数：2.00）A.the origins of slavery, before the 1660s, in the Spanish and Portuguese colonies.B.a growing consensus beginning in the 1630s about what were the attributes of true slavery.C.the position of Black servants in the colonies in the 1630s than by reference to their posi- ti

25、on in 1640s and 1650s.D.the history of Black people in the colonies before 1660 than by reference to the improving position of White servants during and after the 1660s.九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Globalization was th(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填

26、空项 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Before Dr(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.Directions:You have learned from a website that a music club is recruiting new members. You are v

27、ery interested and want to join the club. Write a letter expressing your interest in it, asking about the fee for the membership and other relevant information.Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “L

28、i Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)（分数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.You should

29、 write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)（分数：20.00）_考研英语-823 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、With the development(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.as a matter of factB.for one thingC.on the other hand D.as a result解析：解析 结构衔接题。本句中前一部分是对国际化公司下定义，显然后半部分是对跨国公司进行定义。根据常识，两部分应

30、该是并列关系或对比，对照关系。on the other hand 意为“另一方面”，表示两部分之间的对照关系。避错指导 as a matter 。of fact 意为“事实上，实际上”，表示对前文进行补充说明，起强调作用；for one thing 意为“首先，一则”，表示顺序上的第一，经常与 for another 搭配使用；as a result意为“结果”，表示因果关系。2.（分数：0.50）A.businessB.salesC.purchaseD.investment 解析：解析 语义衔接题。本句中提到国际化公司在哪些方面立足全球，句中已经给出 marketing(营销)、produc

31、tion(生产，制造)以及其他决定因素。显然，本题要求填入一个与 marketing 和 production 在语义上构成并列关系的名词。investment 意为“投资”，投资与营销及生产属于企业经营中同一层面的活动，因此这里使用 investment 符合句子语义关系。避错指导 business 意为“生意”，marketing、production 及 investment 这几个方面都是 business当中涵盖的内容，不能与之并列；sales 意为“销售”，是 marketing(营销)当中的一个环节，属于marketing 的下义词，也不与之并列；purchase 意为“采购”，

32、与 sales(销售)相对，两个词属于同一语义层面，由于 sales 是 marketing 当中的一个环节，可以判断 purchase 与 marketing 和 production 也不构成并列意义。3.（分数：0.50）A.takes inB.lies inC.engages in D.involves in解析：解析 惯用搭配题。本部分意为：跨国公司在一些国家从事国际化生产。engage in 意为“从事，参与”，如：He likes to engage in their conversation(他喜欢参与他们的交谈。)本短语用在句中符合本句语义逻辑关系，故是本题答案。避错指导 t

33、ake in 意为“包括”，如：You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments(你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括在参观的项目中。)lie in 意为“在于”，如：The solution lies in research(答案在研究中。)involve in 意为“关联，牵扯”，如：There is some evidence that involved the governor in the scandal(这有一些州长牵连进丑闻的证据。)4.（分数：0.50）A.citywideB.countrywideC

34、.nationwideD.worldwide 解析：解析 词汇辨析题。根据语义场复现选择可以得出本题正确答案。本段第二句在对跨国公司进行解释时就提到了 a global perspective in its management(在管理方面具有全球视角)。本句中又出现了这一概念，很容易得出这里也应该选择一个与 global 同义的形容词。worldwide 意为“全球的”，与global 是同义词，为本题答案。避错指导 citywide 意为“全市性的”；countrywide 意为“全国的”；nationwide 意为“全国性的”。句中没有使用这三个词的具体语境，故排除。5.（分数：0.50

35、）A.howB.whichC.whereD.when 解析：解析 结构搭配题。通过句子结构可以分析出本题所在部分是一个定语从句，修饰先行词stage， stage 意为“时期，阶段”，由语法可知本句要求一个引导时间的关系副词，when 正好符合这一要求。避错指导 how，which，where 显然不是定语从句中引导时间的关系副词。6.（分数：0.50）A.consists of B.consists inC.convinces ofD.confines to解析：解析 惯用搭配题。本题所在句子是对 international firm 下的定义：国际化公司是一个概括性术语，其中包含了不同程度

36、、有着国际化倾向的公司。因此，consist of 这个短语符合该处语义关系。避错指导 consist in 意为“在于”，此短语放在句中，语义不通顺；convince of 意为“使相信”，而句中没有让某人相信的语义；confine to 意为“局限于”，从句中后半部分“不同程度国际化定位的企业”可以看出这里只要有“国际化倾向”这个特征的企业就可以被称为国际化公司，不存在局限的问题。7.（分数：0.50）A.as a result B.in the endC.in the wayD.above all things解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本句意为：跨国公司在海外售量大，获得相当大的利润。这与

37、前句“跨国公司相当一部分资产投资于国际市场”显然是因果关系。as a result 意为“因此”，符合句子语义逻辑关系。避错指导 in the end 意为“最后，终于”；in the way 意为“挡路”；above all things 意为“首先，最重要的”，很明显，这三个短语不符合句子语义逻辑关系，故排除。8.（分数：0.50）A.multinational B.internationalC.nationalD.regional解析：解析 语义衔接题。本题仅从句中无法确定正确选项，本题前文一直在谈论什么是国际化公司，在文章开篇作者提出了“国际化公司”和“跨国公司”两个概念。根据本题下一

38、句“因而，跨国公司是国际化公司的一种”可以判断出，本句是一过渡句，自然过渡到跨国公司，显然此处应该填入multinational。避错指导 本题前文一直在谈论国际化公司，接下来在本句中指出“当公司到了后面的阶段，就变成了什么样的公司”，既然句中的公司已经是一直谈及的国际化、公司，这里就不可能再填入 international一词；national 意为“国家的”，regional 意为“地区的”，文章没有提及国家级及地区级公司的概念，故这两个词不符合语境。9.（分数：0.50）A.entertainmentB.involvement C.evolvementD.development解析：解析

39、 语义衔接题。本句承接上文中 international firm 的定义及经营范围，继续对国际化公司进行解释，说明这类公司的关注点，大的经营理念等。句中的 international involvement 与上文中的world orientation 属于语义场同现，故是本题正确答案。避错指导 entertainment 意为“娱乐，消遣”，如：A science fiction cannot be regarded as a mere entertainment， but in fact it tells the reader much more(科幻小说不能简单地看成是供消遣的，而实际

40、上它给读者展示更深刻的内容。)evolvement 意为“发展，进化”，如：The space program is the evolvement of years of research(太空计划是多年研究的发展结果。)development意为“发展”，如：The development of this industry will take several years(这项工业的发展需要几年的时间。)10.（分数：0.50）A.difficultiesB.differences C.similaritiesD.relationships解析：解析 语义衔接题。本题前文谈论的都是跨国公司的共

41、性。从常识可知，不同公司有自己的经营重点和经营策略，因此可以判断这里是说不同跨国公司之间差异很大。difference 意为“差别，差异”，符合句子语境。避错指导 difficulty 意为“困难”；similarity 意为“相似处”，如：We can tell the similarity of writing styles between these two poets(我们可以看出这两位诗人写作风格的相似之处。)relationship 意为“关系，联系”。11.（分数：0.50）A.broadlyB.widelyC.highly D.deeply解析：解析 词汇辨析题。本句指出：这(

42、跨国公司)是非常先进的国际化公司，全球参与度很高。句中要求填入一个修饰过去分词 developed 的副词，highly 可以修饰 developed，符合句子语义要求。避错指导 broadly 意为“广泛地，主要地”；widely 意为“广泛地”；deeply 意为“深深地”。这三个词都不能修饰 developed，故排除。12.（分数：0.50）A.recognizeB.distinguish C.discoverD.detect解析：解析 词汇辨析题。文章开篇首句提到：随着全球经济的发展，许多公司宣布他们投身全球制造业的基本目标，宣称他们已是或正成为一家跨国公司。根据英文篇章结构可知，文

43、章首段通常点明主题，由此判断出本文与跨国公司有关。从本空格所在句后半部分内容可以判断出本句大意：一些经济学家用以下方法区分国际化公司和跨国公司。distinguish 意为“区分，区别”，放回句中符合上下文语境。避错指导 recognize 意为“承认，认出”，discover 意为“发现，发觉”，detect 意为“发现，察觉”，均是及物动词，而句中需要填入一个不及物动词，故这三个词不符合句子语法要求。13.（分数：0.50）A.totallyB.necessarily C.completelyD.definitely解析：解析 语义衔接题。本句意为：跨国公司没有在每个国家，每个地区都做生意

44、。necessarily意为“必要地”，用在这里是表明跨国公司没有必要在各国各地都做生意。避错指导 totally 和 completely 意为“完全地”，不能在此修饰句中的动词 do；definitely 意为“肯定地”，用在句中表示不确定做不做，这与公司的决策有关，但文章此处没有涉及决策方面的问题，只是从客观角度陈述事实，因此排除 definitely。14.（分数：0.50）A.howeverB.but C.soD.therefore解析：解析 逻辑衔接题。本句两部分的意思分别是：跨国公司没有必要在每个国家，每个地区都做生意跨国公司考虑全球机遇。显然，这两部分之间是转折对比关系，而 b

45、ut 正是表示转折关系的连词。避错指导 however 也表示转折关系，但为转折副词，不能连接句子两部分；so 和 therefore 都表示因果关系，其中 so 是连词，therefore 是副词。15.（分数：0.50）A.prosperityB.aspectC.prospectD.perspective 解析：解析 语义衔接题。从本句中的 a deep worldwide involvement(全球参与度很高)可以得出后面的意思是“从全球视角来进行管理和决策”。perspective 意为“观点，看法”，符合句子语义逻辑关系。避错指导 prosperity 意为“繁荣”，如：Peace

46、 brings prosperity(和平带来繁荣。)aspect 意为“方面”，如：We can not look at only one aspect of the problem(我们不能只看问题的一个方面。)既然是一个方面，就不是全方位的、整体的，因此显然本词与 global 无法搭配使用；prospect 意为“希望，期望”，如：Theres not much prospect of Mr. Smiths being elected as Congressman(史密斯先生被选为议员的希望不大。)16.（分数：0.50）A.assignB.attendC.devote D.adapt

47、解析：解析 词汇辨析题。该部分中的 them 指代前面刚刚提及的 overseas sales and profits，由此可以判断该部分意为；好的管理者开始专注于海外销售和利润。由句子前部分中 overseas sales and profits take on importance 可以自然推出好的管理者们应是积极应对公司国际化，关注海外销售和利润。devote 意为“专心于，致力于”，通常与介词 to 搭配使用，介词后要求用名词、动名词或代词。避错指导 assign 意为“分配，指派”，如：The hardest work was assigned to the strongest laborers(最繁重的工作分配给最强壮的劳工。)attend 意为“参加，出席”，如：Hundreds attended the