【考研类试卷】考研英语-814及答案解析.doc

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1、考研英语-814 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Humans have altered (总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.releasedB.was releasedC.has been releasedD.had been released2.（分数：0.50）A.fromB.toC.atD.on3.（分数：0.50）A.lastingB.lastedC.lastD.have lasted4.（分数：0.50）A.onB.atC.inD.to5.（分数：0.50）A.c

2、oincidedB.coincidingC.togetherD.contrary6.（分数：0.50）A.grantingB.permittingC.prohibitingD.allowing7.（分数：0.50）A.to wonderingB.to be wonderingC.wonderD.wondering8.（分数：0.50）A.toB.forC.asD.since9.（分数：0.50）A.toB.since whenC.as whenD.to when10.（分数：0.50）A.generatingB.generatedC.originatingD.originated11.（分数：

3、0.50）A.applyB.attributeC.attendD.assign12.（分数：0.50）A.in partB.in segmentC.in proportionD.in relation13.（分数：0.50）A.forB.inC.aboutD.on14.（分数：0.50）A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when15.（分数：0.50）A.have beenB.would have beenC.could have beenD.should have16.（分数：0.50）A.inB.forC.byD.as17.（分数：0.50）A.aggravateB.intens

4、ifyC.offsetD.provoke18.（分数：0.50）A.producedB.was producedC.producingD.had been19.（分数：0.50）A.on toB.onC.forD.against20.（分数：0.50）A.was delighted withB.was taken aback byC.took toD.agreed to三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.According to the second parag

5、raph, it can be found by researchers that_.（分数：2.00）A.Only educated people suffer from brain shrinkageB.The more the brain shrinks, the more abnormal peoples cognition and memory becomeC.People might loss no mentality even with brain shrinkageD.No brain-tissue loss will be induced by indulgence in a

6、lcohol22.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text as one of the factors that may influence brain shrinkage?（分数：2.00）A.indulgence in drinkingB.educationC.emotional fluctuationsD.hypertension23.Which of the following may NOT be the way to keep brains alert?（分数：2.00）A.Chang to a new working

7、environmentB.go out for sightseeingC.keep doing everyday workD.doing crosswords24.We can know from the first paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.Brains of the more-educated people may become more contracted when they get agedB.Education may do harm to peoples brainsC.More educated people may suffer from brai

8、n tissue lossD.The less educated can resort to more cognitive reserves when aged25.The text informs us that_.（分数：2.00）A.Mental capacity is surely measured by education levelB.More-educated people never develop habits harmful to healthC.People should keeping stimulating the brain to bear more brain-t

9、issue lossD.We should take less adventuresome way to stimulate the brain六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.Computer theft includes_.（分数：2.00）A.direct theft of fundsB.the theft of data for corporate espionage or extortionC.accumulating fractions of pence from individual payroll accountsD.all of the above27.S

10、killed computer criminals can break into a computer system_.（分数：2.00）A.quite easilyB.without any riskC.more easily than an armed robber can gain access to a bank vault and with far less riskD.without being punished28.What dose the last paragraph imply?（分数：2.00）A.Damage to software is caused by those

11、 whose jobs require at least some access to the computerB.The writer of the program is the one responsible for its misuseC.Measures taken to 15rotect soft ware and data is uselessD.Programs written for an individual company are far more valuable to abuse and accident than standard software packages

12、produced by external suppliers29.Computer criminals choose accumulating fractions of pence from individual payroll accounts because（分数：2.00）A.it is very easyB.employers are not concerned with penceC.they can gain moreD.the accumulated value can be a useful gain, and it is not easy to be found30.Acco

13、rding to the second paragraph, which statement is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.Experts agree that computer crime is one of the fastest growing areas of illegal activity.B.The key reason for both the growth and the lack of accurate measurement is the difficulty in discovering a well-executed theft.C.Losses in per

14、 incident of computer crime is higher than other types of theft.D.It is very easy to start computer crime.七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.Which of the following actions is not what the I. O.C. will take to deal with the drugs?（分数：2.00）A.Do the testing without giving any information.B.Federalize the sport

15、s federations togetherC.Do the testing that can detect all kind of drugs.D.Do the testing out of the competition.32.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.When athletes take steroid creams, they would be definitely tested.B.The testing system is not exact enough because

16、the athletes are informed testing schedules beforehand.C.More than half of the Olympic-caliber U.S. athletes have taken the dreadful drugs to win the gameD.Erythropoietin is a kind of drug that can enhance an athletes performance in 20 minutes.33.What is following is the cause that will make the Oly

17、mpic Games suspect and no longer worth watching?（分数：2.00）A.The participation of cheatersB.The untested EPO-useC.Lack of new world recordsD.Unannounced and out-of-competitive test34.What is the expression “knock cheaters off stride“ mean?（分数：2.00）A.To destroy cheaters planB.To kick cheaters out of ga

18、meC.To make cheaters exhaustedD.To help cheaters working on their plan35.Whats Samaranchs attitude towards drug use in Olympic Games?（分数：2.00）A.IndignantB.TolerateC.ParadoxicalD.Neutral八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.What is the authors attitude towards current financial rules and free-market policies?（分

19、数：2.00）A.RadicalB.IndifferenceC.NeutralD.Critical37.Which of the following is NOT included in the prescription of traditional free-market orthodoxy?（分数：2.00）A.Labor marketB.Fiscal disciplineC.Financial liberationD.Deregulation38.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.Aft

20、er the crisis, people began to rethink the economic globalization.B.Washington has reached a new consensus which is totally different from the former one.C.Critics believe that economic globalization has its mortal defect, which has been proved in Asian Financial Crisis.D.A new international financi

21、al system will be built to replace the old market system.39.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.After the severe Asian Financial Crisis, the world economy began to recover.B.Asian Financial Crisis is as devastating as a neutron bomb and causes great damage.C.There are still direc

22、t and indirect impacts so that the economy cannot recover.D.The direct impact of Asian Financial Crisis has gone.40.It can be learned from the paragraph 2 that after the crisis_.（分数：2.00）A.Everything goes as it does before the crisis.B.Thailand and South Korea have adopted new measures to control th

23、e market.C.All the affected nations are more involved in global economy.D.The worldwide wave of protectionism may come true one day九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、At the end of the fi(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数

24、：0，分数：0.00)十二、(46) The job of rais(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.1) Describe your feeling about the professors enthusiasm2) Express your thanks3) Express your hope to meet him again.You sho

25、uld write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address . (10 points)（分数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.1) 压力在现实生活中无处不在。2) 不同的人对压力有不同的看法。3) 我的看法。（分数：20.00）_考研英语-814 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Se

26、ction Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Humans have altered (总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.released B.was releasedC.has been releasedD.had been released解析：精析 使用语法 森林被毁散发出的二氧化碳，以及南亚稻田散发出的甲烷，聚集了足够的热量将自然降温的作用抵消。本句的结构是 Carbon dioxide.plus methane.trapped.由森林被毁而散发出的二氧化碳，所以这里需要一个过去分词做定语，选 released。2.（分数：0.50）A.fr

27、omB.toC.atD.on 解析：精析 介词辨析 人类对气候的影响可以追溯到一万年前，那时人类放弃了捕猎开始从事耕作。 Have effect on.对有影响，因此 effect后接介词 on。3.（分数：0.50）A.lasting B.lastedC.lastD.have lasted解析：精析 使用语法 二氧化碳和甲烷含量按自然周期上升又下降，持续了几千年。11000 年前的冰川期末期上升到了最高值。之后就像预期的那样又下降了。lasting 引导的现在分词短语做伴随状语。4.（分数：0.50）A.onB.atC.in D.to解析：精析 介词辨析 rise 升高，上涨，在某方面的升高

28、后面接介词 in，所以选 C。5.（分数：0.50）A.coincidedB.coinciding C.togetherD.contrary解析：精析 使用语法 这里需要现在分词短语做伴随状语，选 coinciding，coincide with 的意思是“与一致”。6.（分数：0.50）A.grantingB.permittingC.prohibitingD.allowing 解析：精析 动词辨析 过去一万年气候不同寻常的稳定，促使文明昌盛。此处需要一个现在分词，做结果状语。grant 同意，permit 允许，prohibit 禁止，allow 除了可以有“允许”的意思外，还有“使得以发生

29、”的意思。7.（分数：0.50）A.to wonderingB.to be wonderingC.wonder D.wondering解析：精析 词法辨析 cant help but 不得不，后面一般接不带 to的动词不定式。8.（分数：0.50）A.toB.forC.as D.since解析：精析 介词辨析 如预期的那样，用 as (与一样)。9.（分数：0.50）A.toB.since whenC.as whenD.to when 解析：精析 使用语法 people gave up.这是个句子，所以前面应该有关联词引导，根据上下文推断，应该是 when。前面有 go back，go bac

30、k to 意思是追溯到，所以应该选 to when。10.（分数：0.50）A.generating B.generatedC.originatingD.originated解析：精析 使用语法 人类产生出来聚热的气体改变了世界的气候。这里需要一个现在分词。generate生产，产生；originate 引起，起源于，不符合句意。11.（分数：0.50）A.applyB.attribute C.attendD.assign解析：精析 动词辨析 大多数科学家认为上个世纪的全球气温上升的部分原因是人类行为释放出的二氧化碳。本处需要一个动词与后面的协搭配。apply.to 将应用于，attend t

31、o 注意，照顾，assign.to分配，attribute.to 归因于，所以只有 B是正确答案。12.（分数：0.50）A.in part B.in segmentC.in proportionD.in relation解析：精析 短语辨析 in part 部分地。segment 片段，没有 in segment to的用法。In proportion to依照比例；和相比。In relation to 关于，涉及，与相比。13.（分数：0.50）A.forB.in C.aboutD.on解析：精析 介词辨析 甲烷含量降低的趋势五千年前扭转了，与灌溉农业出现的时间一致。Decline 后面接

32、介词 in。14.（分数：0.50）A.that B.whichC.whereD.when解析：精析 关系词辨析 DrRuddiman 在会议上说said 后面是 that引导的宾语从句。15.（分数：0.50）A.have beenB.would have beenC.could have beenD.should have 解析：精析 使用语法 如果在现代，两者继续下降引起气温下降，那么一个新的冰川期就应该在四、五千年之前开始了。下文里有 instead表明一切都没有发生，只是假设。过去应该发生而没有发生的事应该用 should have.，所以这里选 D项。16.（分数：0.50）A.i

33、nB.forC.by D.as解析：精析 介词辨析 由人类行为所释放出的气体。此处应用介词 by表达“由”的意思。17.（分数：0.50）A.aggravateB.intensifyC.offset D.provoke解析：精析 动词辨析 offset 抵消，aggravate 加剧，intensify 加强，provoke 煽动。只有选项 C符合文意。18.（分数：0.50）A.produced B.was producedC.producingD.had been解析：精析 使用语法 同上题，another heat-trapping gas 是 methane 的同位语，methane

34、后面也需要一个过去分词短语做定语，所以选 produced。19.（分数：0.50）A.on to B.onC.forD.against解析：精析 介词辨析 be on to 了解的情况，查明。其他介词都没有这个用法。20.（分数：0.50）A.was delighted withB.was taken aback by C.took toD.agreed to解析：精析 使用语法 DrCrowley 说他一开始对 DrRuddiman 的假设很吃惊。根据下文，but 表示意思的转折。下文说到他读下去，不得不想 DrRuddiman 可能有了重大发现。所以此处应选表示吃惊、反对等意思的词。Be

35、 taken aback 吃惊，be delighted with 高兴，take to 喜欢， agree to 同意。三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.According to the second paragraph, it can be found by researchers that_.（分数：2.00）A.Only educated people suffer from brain shrinkageB.The more the brain sh

36、rinks, the more abnormal peoples cognition and memory becomeC.People might loss no mentality even with brain shrinkage D.No brain-tissue loss will be induced by indulgence in alcohol解析：精析 细节分析 根据第二段第四句：没有智力下降征兆的人们，大脑收缩程度也有很大的区别，可见大脑收缩并不一定就导致智力下降，因此 C是正确选项。22.Which of the following is NOT mentioned i

37、n the text as one of the factors that may influence brain shrinkage?（分数：2.00）A.indulgence in drinkingB.educationC.emotional fluctuations D.hypertension解析：精析 是非判断 选项 C在文章中并未明确提到也无法推测，因此正确。23.Which of the following may NOT be the way to keep brains alert?（分数：2.00）A.Chang to a new working environmentB.

38、go out for sightseeingC.keep doing everyday work D.doing crosswords解析：精析 细节理解 文章最后一段说：“Coffey 认为人们应该通过不断接受新的经验而终身保持脑部活跃。旅游是刺激大脑的一种方式，另外一种比较不冒险的方式是作纵横拼字谜”，所以 A“更换新的工作环境”属于接受新的经验，B“外出观光”和旅游是一个意思，D“作纵横字谜”就是文中提到的比较不冒险的方式，所以 A、B、C 三项都是保持大脑活跃的方式。而 C项“保持作日常工作”与文中接受新经验的原则相悖，所以正确。24.We can know from the firs

39、t paragraph that_.（分数：2.00）A.Brains of the more-educated people may become more contracted when they get aged B.Education may do harm to peoples brainsC.More educated people may suffer from brain tissue lossD.The less educated can resort to more cognitive reserves when aged解析：精析 细节理解 根据文章第一段第二句话：在对老

40、年人的研究中，受过更多教育的人确实大脑收缩程度要大一些，所以 A正确。25.The text informs us that_.（分数：2.00）A.Mental capacity is surely measured by education levelB.More-educated people never develop habits harmful to healthC.People should keeping stimulating the brain to bear more brain-tissue loss D.We should take less adventuresom

41、e way to stimulate the brain解析：精析 细节理解 最后一段提及 Coffey对人们保护大脑的建议，就是经常保持大脑活跃，经常给大脑以新鲜的刺激，选项 C与此相符，故正确。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.Computer theft includes_.（分数：2.00）A.direct theft of fundsB.the theft of data for corporate espionage or extortionC.accumulating fractions of pence from individual payroll acc

42、ountsD.all of the above 解析：精析 细节理解 本题的答案在第三段中，第三段中谈到了电脑犯罪的手段，除了直接盗取资金外，还有偷盗数据用于个体侦察和敲诈另外一种方式就是积累个人工资单上的零钱。因此答案选 D：A、B、C三项都包括。27.Skilled computer criminals can break into a computer system_.（分数：2.00）A.quite easilyB.without any riskC.more easily than an armed robber can gain access to a bank vault and

43、 with far less risk D.without being punished解析：精析 细节理解 根据文章的第一段：熟练的电脑罪犯要侵入一个电脑系统比一个武装的强盗进入银行大门容易的多，而且被发现和惩罚的风险也小得多。知正确答案为 C。28.What dose the last paragraph imply?（分数：2.00）A.Damage to software is caused by those whose jobs require at least some access to the computerB.The writer of the program is the

44、 one responsible for its misuseC.Measures taken to 15rotect soft ware and data is uselessD.Programs written for an individual company are far more valuable to abuse and accident than standard software packages produced by external suppliers 解析：精析 细节分析 选项 A，软件的损害是由那些需要接触电脑的人造成的，原文是说多是由这些人造成的；选项 B，编写程

45、序的人应当对程序的错误使用负责，原文是说通常都应当由程序编写者负责；选项 C，为保护软件而采取的措施是没用的。原文说有一点作用，但无法避免。只有 D项与原文相符。因此答案选 D。29.Computer criminals choose accumulating fractions of pence from individual payroll accounts because（分数：2.00）A.it is very easyB.employers are not concerned with penceC.they can gain moreD.the accumulated value

46、can be a useful gain, and it is not easy to be found 解析：精析 细节分析 在文章第三段末尾部分，作者谈电脑盗窃的第三种方式，这种方式因为是积累小钱，因而不容易被发现，而且所有的钱积累起来也是一笔很可观的收入，因而答案选 D。30.According to the second paragraph, which statement is TRUE?（分数：2.00）A.Experts agree that computer crime is one of the fastest growing areas of illegal activity.B.The key reason for both the growth and the lack of accurate measurement is the difficulty in discovering a well-executed theft. C.Losses in per incident of computer crime is higher than other types of theft.D.It is very easy to start computer crime.解析：精析 细节分析 选项 A专家们同意电脑犯罪是非法活动增加最快的领域之一。原文是说