【考研类试卷】考博英语-498及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-498 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Section A(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.AIDS is causing great public concern because the _ fatal disease hits primarily young people.（分数：1.00）A.invariablyB.imperativelyC.transientlyD.deceptively2.The company will _ to its agreement, no matter

2、 how costly the process may be.（分数：1.00）A.retainB.alterC.abandonD.adhere3.It is agreed that all nations should take measures against terrorism on the basis of the UN and other international laws.（分数：1.00）A.CharterB.ConstitutionC.ConcordanceD.Custody4.When we credit the successful people with intelli

3、gence, physical strength or good luck, we are making excuses for ourselves because we fall _ in all three.（分数：1.00）A.rareB.lackingC.shortD.scarce5.He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the _ peasants.（分数：1.00）A.animatedB.rebelliousC.creasedD.impassive6.The drug store at t

4、he corner of our street sells aspirins and _ penicillin prescriptions.（分数：1.00）A.dispensesB.disposesC.dispersesD.dispatches7.He had wanted a 25 % raise in pay, hut after talking to his boss, he decided that a 5% raise would have to _.（分数：1.00）A.sufficeB.satisfyC.gratifyD.delight8.The houses in this

5、area were all erected in _ of housing regulations.（分数：1.00）A.complianceB.defianceC.allianceD.obedience9.The two delegates had an in-depth exchange of views on how to enhance their cooperation _.（分数：1.00）A.ethicalB.bilateralC.mandatoryD.subsidiary10.Three weeks after the suicide bombing, the police w

6、ere still hunting for bombers for they believe more were _.（分数：1.00）A.on the vergeB.on the slyC.on the spotD.on the loose三、Section B(总题数：10，分数：10.00)11.Lincoln, former president of the United States, is a conspicuous example of a poor boy who succeeded.（分数：1.00）A.sturdyB.obstinateC.permanentD.manife

7、st12.Now researchers are directing more attention to the social and cultural impetus that propelled university graduates into careers in management.（分数：1.00）A.implicationB.propagandaC.impulseD.benefit13.In his opinion, the objection to harbarity does not mean that capital punishment should not go on

8、.（分数：1.00）A.adversityB.savageryC.habitatD.integrity14.Pirated compact disks and floppy disks remained the second biggest vehicle for the spread of computer viruses despite the governments determined efforts to quash software piracy.（分数：1.00）A.boostB.preventC.crushD.restrict15.He displayed a complete

9、 lack of courtesy and tact in dealing with his employer.（分数：1.00）A.tenacityB.curiosityC.civilityD.hostility16.Research should continue on controlled nuclear fusion, but no energy program should be premised on its existence until it has proved practical.（分数：1.00）A.focusedB.concentratedC.agreedD.based

10、17.It is reported that the latest outbreak of the bird flu in Pennsylvania in the United States has prompted China to slap a ban on poultry imports from the state.（分数：1.00）A.marine productsB.dairy productsC.industrial productsD.avian products18.As there was not enough money to bury all dead AIDS orp

11、hans, 23 babies were interred in a modest cemetery in South Africa before World AIDS Day.（分数：1.00）A.parentless childrenB.miserable victimsC.contagious bodies D.infectious patients19.It could not be ruled out that, sooner or later, the country would break out of the treaty.（分数：1.00）A.confirmedB.toler

12、atedC.excludedD.refuted20.What is at fault in our present system is not the outcome but the fallible procedure.（分数：1.00）A.sublimeB.erroneousC.plausibleD.impeccable四、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)The effect of the baby boom on the schools helped to make possible a shift in thinking about the role of publ

13、ic education in the 1950s. In the 1920s but especially (21) the Depression of the 1930s, the United States experienced a (22) birth rate. Then with the prosperity (23) .on by the Second World War and the economic boom that followed it, young people married and (24) households earlier and began to (2

14、5) larger families than had their (26) during the Depression. Birth rates rose to 102 per thousand in 1946, 106. 2 in 1950, and 118 in 1955 (27) economics was probably the most important (28) . it is not the only explanation for the baby boom. The increased value placed (29) the idea of the family a

15、lso helps to (30) this rise in birth rates. The baby boomers began streaming (31) the first grade by the mid-1940s and became a (32) by 1950. The public school system suddenly found itself (33) . The wartime economy-meant that few new schools were built between 1940 and 1945. (34) large numbers of t

16、eachers left their profession during that period for better-paying jobs elsewhere. (35) , in the 1950s and 1960s, the baby boom hit an antiquated and inadequate school system. Consequently, the custodial rhetoric of the 1930s no longer made (36) : keeping youths ages sixteen and older out of the lab

17、or market by keeping them in school could no longer be a high (37) for an institution unable to find space and staff to teach younger children. With the baby boom, the focus of educators (38) turned toward the lower grades and back to basic academic skills and (39) . The system no longer had much (4

18、0) in offering nontraditional, new, and extra services to older youths.（分数：20.00）A.inB.forC.atD.onA.acceleratingB.strengtheningC.decliningD.fluctuatingA.tookB.producedC.broughtD.carriedA.adoptedB.incorporatedC.administeredD.establishedA.increaseB.raiseC.erectD.generateA.predecessorsB.successorsC.pro

19、cessorsD.oppressorsA.sinceB.DespiteC.AlthoughD.UnlessA.tenantB.determinantC.lubricantD.repentantA.atB.onC.forD.withA.demonstrateB.interpretC.exhibitD.explainA.throughB.acrossC.intoD.towardsA.creekB.floodC.bonusD.pledgeA.overtaxedB.overdosedC.overweighedD.overlapped34A.moreoverB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.T

20、husA.neverthelessB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.HenceforthA.senseB.meaningC.sensibleD.meaningfulA.notorietyB.compatibilityC.proximityD.priorityA.refutablyB.indispensablyC.inevitablyD.respectivelyA.conferenceB.symposiumC.seminarD.disciplineA.abilityB.advantageC.benefitD.interest五、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，

21、分数：0.00)六、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Motorola Inc., the worlds second-largest mobile phone maker, will begin selling all of the technology needed to build a basic mobile phone to outside manufacturers, in a key change of strategy. The inventor of the cell phone, which has been troubled by missteps co

22、mpounded by a recent industry slump in sales, is trying to become a neutral provider of mobile technology to rivals, with an eye toward fostering a much larger market than it could create itself. The Chicago area-based company, considered to have the widest range of technologies needed to build a ph

23、one, said it planned to make available chips, a design layout for the computer board, software, development tools and testing tools. Motorola has previously supplied mobile phone manufacturers with a couple of its chips, but this is the first time the company will offer its entire line of chips as w

24、ell as a detailed blueprint. Mobile phones contain a variety of chips and components to control power, sound and amplification. Analysts said they liked the new strategy but were cautious about whether Motorolas mobile phone competitors would want to buy the technology from a rival.The company, long

25、 known for its top-notch (等级) engineering culture, is hoping to profit from its mobile phone technology now that the basic technology to build a mobile phone has largely become a commodity. Motorola said it will begin offering the technology based on the next-generation GPRS (Global Packet Radio Ser

26、vice) standard because most mobile phone makers already have technology in place for current digital phones. GPRS offers faster access to data through “always on“ network connections, and customers are charged only for the information they retrieve, rather than the length of download.Burgess said th

27、e new business will not conflict with Motorolas own mobile phone business because the latter will remain competitive by offering advanced features and designs. Motorolas phones have been criticized as being too complicated and expensive to manufacture, but Burgess said Motorola will simplify the tec

28、hnology in the phones by a third. In addition to basic technology, Burgess said, Motorola would also offer additional features such as Bluetooth, a technology that allows wireless communications at a short distance, and Global Positioning System, which tracks the users whereabouts, and MP3 audio cap

29、ability.（分数：5.00）(1).The word “slump“ in the first paragraph may be replaced by _.（分数：1.00）A.slouchB.declineC.increaseD.stamp(2).According to this passage, Motorola Inc.（分数：1.00）A.is the worlds largest mobile phone makerB.is trying to become a mobile technology provider besides being a mobile phone

30、makerC.will only sell chips of the mobile phonesD.is going to sell all its manufacturing plants(3).Analysis dont think that _.（分数：1.00）A.Motorola will be successfulB.the technology offered by Motorola will be selected by its competitorsC.its competitors will want to buy the technology from itD.its m

31、obile phones contain a variety of chips(4).The technology supplied by Motorola is based on _.（分数：1.00）A.Bluetooth featuresB.MP3 audio capabilityC.Global Positioning SystemD.GPRS standard(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true?（分数：1.00）A.GPRS offers faster access to data through network con

32、nections, so customers should pay more.B.Motorola Inc. is the inventor of the cell phone.C.Previously Motorola only supplied mobile phone manufacturers with some of its chips.D.Motorola Inc. is known for its high-class engineering cultur七、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Hurricanes are violent storms that

33、cause millions of dollars in property damage and take many lives. They can be extremely dangerous, and too often people underestimate their fury.Hurricanes normally originate as a small area of thunderstorms over the Atlantic Ocean west of the Cape Verde Islands during August or September. For sever

34、al days the area of the storm increases and the air pressure falls slowly. A center of low pressure forms, and winds begin to whirl around it. It is blown westward, increasing in size and strength.Hurricane hunters then fly out to the storm in order to determine its size and intensity and to track i

35、ts direction. They drop instruments for recording temperature, air pressure, and humidity (湿度), into the storm. They also look at the size of waves on the ocean, the clouds, and the eye of the storm. The eye is a region of relative calm and clear skies in the center of the hurricane. People often lo

36、se their lives by leaving shelter when the eye has arrived, only to be caught in tremendous winds again when the eye has passed.Once the forecasters have determined that it is likely the hurricane will reach shore, they issue a hurricane watch for a large, general area that may be in the path of the

37、 storm. Later, when the probable point of landfall is clearer, they will issue a hurricane warning for a somewhat more limited area. People in these areas are wise to stock up on nonperishable foods, flash light and radio batteries, candles, and other items they may need if electricity and water are

38、 not available after the storm. They should also try to hurricane-proof their houses by bringing in light-weight furniture and other items from outside and covering windows. People living in low- lying areas are wise to evacuate their houses because of the storm surge, which is a large rush of water

39、 that may come ashore with the storm. Hurricanes generally lose power slowly while traveling over land, but many move out to sea, gather up force again, and return to land. As they move toward the north, they generally lose their identity as hurricanes.（分数：5.00）(1).The eye of the hurricane is _.（分数：

40、1.00）A.the powerful center of the stormB.the part that determines its directionC.the relatively calm center of the stormD.the center of low pressure(2).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：1.00）A.A storm surge is a dramatic increase in wind velocity.B.A hurricane watch is more serious than

41、a hurricane warning.C.Falling air pressure is an indicator that the storm is increasing in intensity.D.It is safe to go outside once the eye has arrive(3).Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?（分数：1.00）A.How to Avoid Hurricane damageB.Forecasting HurricanesC.The dangerous H

42、urricaneD.Atlantic Storms(4).The low-lying areas refer to those regions that _.（分数：1.00）A.close to the ground levelB.one-storey flatC.flat housesD.near to the lowest level of hurricane(5).Which of the following is NOT a method of protecting ones house from a hurricane?（分数：1.00）A.taking out heavy thi

43、ngsB.moving in light-weight furnitureC.equipping the house with stonesD.covering windows八、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Attacking an increasingly popular Internet business practice, a consumer watchdog group Monday filed a complaint with the Federal Trade Commission, asserting that many online search

44、engines are concealing the impact special fees have on search results by Internet users. Commercial Alert, a 3-year-old group founded by consumer activist Ralph Nader, asked the FTC to investigate whether eight of the Webs largest search engines are violating federal laws against deceptive advertisi

45、ng.The group said that the search engines are abandoning objective formulas, to determine the order of their listed results and selling the top spots to the highest bidders without making adequate disclosures to Web surfers. The complaint touches a hot-button issue affecting tens of millions of peop

46、le who submit search queries each day. With more than 2 billion pages and more than 14 billion hyperlinks on the Web, search requests rank as the second most popular online activity after E-mail.The eight search engines named in Commercial Alerts complaint are. MSN, owned by Microsoft; Netscape, own

47、ed by AOL Time Warner; Directhit, owned by Ask Jeeves; HotBot and Lycos, both owned by Terra Lycos; Altavista, owned by CMGI; LookSmart, owned by LookSmart; and Iwon, owned by a privately held company operating under the same name.Portland, Ore. -based Commercial Alert could have named more search e

48、ngines in its complaint, but focused on the biggest sites that are auctioning off spots in their results, said Gary Ruskin, the groups executive director.“Search engines have become central in the quest for learning and knowledge in our society. The ability to skew (扭曲) the results in favor of hucks

49、ters (小贩) without telling consumers is a serious problem,“ Ruskin said. By late Monday afternoon, three of the search engines had responded to The Associated Press inquiries about the complaint. Two, LookSmart and AltaVista, denied the charges. Microsoft spokesman Matt Pilla said MSN is delivering“ compelling search results that people want.“The FTC had no comment about the complaint Monday. The complaint takes aim at the new business plans embraced by more search engines as they try to cash in on