【考研类试卷】考博英语-145及答案解析.doc

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1、考博英语-145 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：35，分数：100.00)1.Prince Charles, the longest-waiting _ to the throne in British history, has spoken of his “impatience“ to get things done.（分数：3.00）A.heirB.heirshipC.heritageD.heiress2.Love was in the air in a Tokyo park as normally staid Japanese h

2、usbands gathered to scream out their feelings for their wives, promising _ and extra tight hugs.（分数：3.00）A.attitudeB.multitudeC.gratitudeD.latitude3.The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, as families saw a _ in female breadwinners.（分数：3.00）A.raiseB.rise

3、C.ariseD.increase4.The market for dust masks and air purifiers is _ in Beijing because the capital has been shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze.（分数：3.00）A.boomingB.loomingC.doomingD.zooming5.Traditional fairytales are being ditched by parents because they are too _ for their young childr

4、en, a study found.（分数：3.00）A.scarceB.scaryC.scaredD.scarred6.It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has been _ since the tripling of tuition fees to 9,000 a year.（分数：3.00）A.scratchedB.scrapedC.scrabbledD.scrapped7.Microsoft founder Bill Gates has _ about being a parent, stating

5、that 13 is an appropriate age for a child“s first cell phone.（分数：3.00）A.opened upB.taken upC.put upD.held up8.Sales of mushrooms have hit an all-time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap and _ foodstuff for their cooking.（分数：3.00）A.versatileB.multipleC.manifoldD.diverse9.“Gangnam Style“, t

6、he _ popular song from South Korean recording artist PSY has just become the most watched video on YouTube ever.（分数：3.00）A.sanelyB.insanelyC.rationallyD.insatiably10.The _ British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking once said in an interview that heaven is a fairy story for people afraid of the da

7、rk.（分数：3.00）A.imposingB.loftyC.prominentD.eminent11.The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been _.（分数：3.00）A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed12.The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. T

8、hey expect increased tax _.（分数：3.00）A.efficiencyB.revenuesC.privilegesD.validity13.The original elections were declared _ by the former military ruler.（分数：3.00）A.voidB.vulgarC.surplusD.extravagant14.When he realized he had been _ to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal proceed

9、ings to cancel the agreement.（分数：3.00）A.elicitedB.excitedC.deducedD.induced15.They stood gazing at the happy _ of children playing in the park.（分数：3.00）A.perspectiveB.viewC.landscapeD.scene16.As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the _ of a brilliant career.（

10、分数：3.00）A.edgeB.porchC.thresholdD.course17.Parents often faced the _ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.（分数：3.00）A.junctionB.paradoxC.premiseD.dilemma18.The damage of his car was _; theref

11、ore, he could repair it himself.（分数：3.00）A.appreciableB.negligibleC.considerableD.invisible19.The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it _ into fragments.（分数：3.00）A.broke awayB.broke offC.broke upD.broke through20.Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very _.（分数：3.00）

12、A.intelligibleB.obscureC.dimD.conspicuous21.Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak _ Chinese.（分数：3.00）A.fluidB.smoothC.fluentD.flowing22.If people feel hopeless, they don“t bother to _ the skills they need to succeed.（分数：3.00）A.adoptB.acquireC.accumulateD.assemble23.Eighty percen

13、t of mothers cradle their _ in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies.（分数：3.00）A.infantsB.hosesC.handkerchiefsD.fences24.Although most dreams apparently happen _, dream activity may be provoked by external influences.（分数：3.00）A.spontaneouslyB.simultaneouslyC.homogeneousl

14、yD.instantaneously25.He is holding a _ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.（分数：3.00）A.subordinateB.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent26.During the nineteen years of his career, France Battiate has won the _ of a wide audience outside Italy.（分数：3.00）A.enjoymentB.appreciationC.eval

15、uationD.reputation27.At the party we found that shy girl _ her mother all the time.（分数：3.00）A.depending onB.adhering toC.clinging toD.coinciding with28.In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the _ concern of state governments.（分数：3.00）A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusi

16、ve29.A _ examination for the post of department manager will be held next Tuesday.（分数：3.00）A.classifyingB.comparingC.contrastingD.competitive30.Mother was so weak after her operation that the doctors wondered if they would be able to _ her through.（分数：3.00）A.pullB.cureC.pushD.save31.What“s your atti

17、tude _ his criticism?（分数：2.00）A.againstB.forC.towardsD.in32.The newcomers found it impossible to _ themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.（分数：2.00）A.suitB.adaptC.regulateD.coordinate33.It“s a program designed to _ mainly to 16 to 25 year olds.（分数：2.00）A.inc

18、ludeB.appreciateC.appealD.conduct34.The actress lives in a very fashionable _ of town.（分数：2.00）A.positionB.componentC.quarterD.zone35.The store displayed its most _ products in the front window.（分数：2.00）A.modelB.presentC.distinctiveD.favorite考博英语-145 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary(总题数：35，分数：

19、100.00)1.Prince Charles, the longest-waiting _ to the throne in British history, has spoken of his “impatience“ to get things done.（分数：3.00）A.heir B.heirshipC.heritageD.heiress解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 heir继承人；heirship 继承权，继承人的地位；heritage 遗产，继承权；heiress 女继承人。句意是，查尔斯王子是英国史上等待王位继承时间最久的人，谈到他“急于”想要将事情做完。因此正确答案是

20、A选项。2.Love was in the air in a Tokyo park as normally staid Japanese husbands gathered to scream out their feelings for their wives, promising _ and extra tight hugs.（分数：3.00）A.attitudeB.multitudeC.gratitude D.latitude解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 attitude态度，姿态，为可数名词，前面需加冠词；multitude 多数，群众；gratitude 感谢的心情；latitu

21、de(思想、行动等的)自由范围，自由。句意是，爱意在东京公园上空飘荡，通常比较内敛的日本丈夫聚在一起，大声喊出对他们妻子的爱意，承诺对她们充满感激之情，给予格外紧的拥抱。根据句意推出正确答案是 C选项。3.The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, as families saw a _ in female breadwinners.（分数：3.00）A.raiseB.rise C.ariseD.increase解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 raise提高，升；r

22、ise 上升，增加，可作名词；arise 升起，上升，为动词；increase 增加额，增加，作为名词时，其前加 an。句意是，新的数据显示，随着家庭中妇女养家人数的增加，去年家居型父亲人数创新高。根据句子意思推出正确答案是 B选项。4.The market for dust masks and air purifiers is _ in Beijing because the capital has been shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze.（分数：3.00）A.booming B.loomingC.doomingD.zoomi

23、ng解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 boom迅速发展，兴旺；loom 隐约地出现，阴森地逼近；doom 命中注定，宣告；zoom 突然扩大，急速上升。句意是，北京防尘面罩和空气净化器市场正在迅速发展，因为首都数天来一直深受浓雾和雾霾笼罩。根据句意推出正确答案是 A选项。5.Traditional fairytales are being ditched by parents because they are too _ for their young children, a study found.（分数：3.00）A.scarceB.scary C.scaredD.scarred解析：解析

24、 四个选项的意思分别是 scarce缺乏的，稀有的；scary 恐怖的，吓人的；scared 受惊吓的；scarred留下伤痕的。句意是，研究发现，父母正在逐渐弃用传统故事，因为对于他们的小孩而言，这些故事太恐怖了。根据句意推出正确答案是 B选项。6.It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has been _ since the tripling of tuition fees to 9,000 a year.（分数：3.00）A.scratchedB.scrapedC.scrabbledD.scrapped 解

25、析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 scratch挖出；抓；scrape 刮，擦；scrabble 乱写，拼凑成；scrap把废弃，丢弃。句意是，据显示，将近 1/5的学位课程被废弃，因为学费翻了三倍，达到每年9000英镑。所以正确答案是 D选项。7.Microsoft founder Bill Gates has _ about being a parent, stating that 13 is an appropriate age for a child“s first cell phone.（分数：3.00）A.opened up B.taken upC.put upD.held up解析

26、：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 open up直率、坦诚地说；take up 开始从事，占用；put up 提出；hold up举起展示。句意是，微软创始人比尔盖茨坦言，作为一名父亲，言明给孩子买第一个手机的适宜年龄是 13岁。所以正确答案是 A选项。8.Sales of mushrooms have hit an all-time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap and _ foodstuff for their cooking.（分数：3.00）A.versatile B.multipleC.manifoldD.diverse解析

27、：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 versatile多用途的，多才多艺的；multiple 复合的，多重的；manifold多种的，多方面的；diverse 各种各样的，多种的。句意是，随着英国人越来越致力于寻找廉价的、多用途的食材来做饭，蘑菇的销售创下空前的新纪录。所以正确答案是 A选项。9.“Gangnam Style“, the _ popular song from South Korean recording artist PSY has just become the most watched video on YouTube ever.（分数：3.00）A.sanelyB.insan

28、ely C.rationallyD.insatiably解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 sanely心智健全地，稳健地；insanely 疯狂地；rationally 理性地；insatiably 不知足地，贪得无厌地。句意是，来自韩国艺术家 PSY录制的疯狂流行的音乐“江南Style”，已经成为 YouTube上观看次数最多的视频。根据句意可推出正确答案是 B选项。10.The _ British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking once said in an interview that heaven is a fairy story for

29、people afraid of the dark.（分数：3.00）A.imposingB.loftyC.prominentD.eminent 解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 imposing气势宏伟的，给人深刻印象的；lofty 傲慢的，高超的；prominent卓越的，杰出的，通常指一群人中或一个团体中突出的人；eminent 著名的，杰出的。句意是，英国著名理论物理学家史蒂芬霍金在采访中曾说到，天堂是那些害怕黑暗的人的童话故事。根据句意可推出正确答案是 B选项。11.The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions t

30、hat may lead to cancer have been _.（分数：3.00）A.identified B.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“鉴定，识别”；B 项意为“保证”；C 项意为“通知，报告”；D 项意为“传达”。本句意为“尽管人们已经识别出可能导致癌症的某些条件，但是对根本原因仍一无所知”，A 项符合题意。12.The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic. Th

31、ey expect increased tax _.（分数：3.00）A.efficiencyB.revenues C.privilegesD.validity解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“效率”；B 项意为“收入”；C 项意为“特权”；D 项意为“有效，合法性”。本句意为城镇规划委员会指出其下一年的财政前景很是乐观。他们希望增加税收。根据句意可推出 A项符合题意。13.The original elections were declared _ by the former military ruler.（分数：3.00）A.void B.vulgarC.surplusD.extr

32、avagant解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“无法律上效力的”；B 项意为“粗俗的，低俗的”；C 项意为“过剩的，剩余的”；D 项意为“奢侈的，浪费的”。本句意为“之前的军方统治者宣布最初的选举无效”。A 项符合题意。14.When he realized he had been _ to sign the contract by intrigue, he threatened to start legal proceedings to cancel the agreement.（分数：3.00）A.elicitedB.excitedC.deducedD.induced 解析：解析

33、本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“从引出(事实、情报等)”；B 项意为“为感到兴奋”；C 项意为“推论，推断”；D 项意为“劝诱(某人)使其愿意(做)”。本句意为“当他意识到是被诱使签订合约时，他威胁说要通过法律程序终止协议”。D 项符合题意。15.They stood gazing at the happy _ of children playing in the park.（分数：3.00）A.perspectiveB.viewC.landscapeD.scene 解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“远景，景色”；B 项意为“从某地点所看到的景色或光景”；C项意为“(田园风景等可以一眼眺

34、望的)景色，风景”；D 项意为“特定地点的景色，场景”。本句意为“他们停下来凝视孩子们在公园玩耍的快乐场景”。D 项符合题意。16.As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the _ of a brilliant career.（分数：3.00）A.edgeB.porchC.threshold D.course解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“边缘”；B 项意为“门槛”；C 项意为“开始，开端”；D项意为“路线，过程”。本句意为“作为该大学最年轻的教授之一，King 小

35、姐绝对站在辉煌事业的起点”。C 项符合题意。17.Parents often faced the _ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.（分数：3.00）A.junctionB.paradoxC.premiseD.dilemma 解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“接合点，交叉点”；B 项意为“矛盾的事”；C 项意为“前提”；D 项

36、意为“(被迫白不中意的两者中择其一的)左右为难，窘境”。本句意为“父母常常面临这样的困境，一方面想做他们自己觉得对孩子发展有好处的事情，另一方面他们要能忍受孩子们那无教养的吵闹和破坏性行为”。D 项符合题意。18.The damage of his car was _; therefore, he could repair it himself.（分数：3.00）A.appreciableB.negligible C.considerableD.invisible解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“可感知的，可评估的”；B 项意为“可忽视的，微不足道的”；C 项意为“(量)相当大的”；D

37、 项意为“看不见的，无形的”。本句意为“他的车损坏比较轻微，因此，他自己能够修好”，B 项符合题意。19.The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it _ into fragments.（分数：3.00）A.broke awayB.broke offC.broke up D.broke through解析：解析 本题考查固定词组。A 项意为“突然离开；决裂”；B 项意为“中止，折断”；C 项意为“打破，弄碎”；D 项意为“突围，突破”。本句意为“木头腐坏了，当我们拉它的时候，碎成碎片了”。C项符合题意。20.Very few people un

38、derstood his lecture, the subject of which was very _.（分数：3.00）A.intelligibleB.obscure C.dimD.conspicuous解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“可理解的，明了的”；B 项意为“晦涩的”；C 项意为“暗淡的，模糊的”；D 项意为“显著的，出众的”。本句意为“很少有人能理解他的演说，内容太晦涩难懂”。B 项符合题意。21.Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak _ Chinese.（分数：3.00）A.fluidB

39、.smoothC.fluent D.flowing解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 fluid流动的，不安定的；smooth 光滑的，平静的；fluent言语流利的，流畅的；flowing 流动的，平滑的。句意是，尽管他生于美国，长于美国，但他能讲流利的中文。因此正确答案是 C选项。22.If people feel hopeless, they don“t bother to _ the skills they need to succeed.（分数：3.00）A.adoptB.acquire C.accumulateD.assemble解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 adopt采取，吸收

40、；acquire 获得，学成；accumulate 积聚，累积；assemble集合，装配。句意是，如果人们感到绝望时，他们不会费神去获得他们成功所需的技能。所以正确答案是 B选项。23.Eighty percent of mothers cradle their _ in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies.（分数：3.00）A.infants B.hosesC.handkerchiefsD.fences解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 infant婴儿；hose 软管；handkerchie

41、f 手帕；fence 栅栏。句意是，80%的母亲用左臂抱婴儿，将其靠在她们身体的左侧。根据句子意思推出正确答案是 A选项。24.Although most dreams apparently happen _, dream activity may be provoked by external influences.（分数：3.00）A.spontaneously B.simultaneouslyC.homogeneouslyD.instantaneously解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“不由自主地，自发地”；B 项意为“同时地”；C 项意为“同种地，均质地”；D 项意为“即刻，

42、突如其来地”。本句意为“尽管大多数梦都是不由自主出现的，外界的影响能够刺激梦境活动”。A 项符合题意。25.He is holding a _ position in the company and expects to be promoted soon.（分数：3.00）A.subordinate B.succeedingC.successiveD.subsequent解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“下级的，附属的”；B 项意为“后继的，继起的”；C 项意为“连续的，相继的”；D 项意为“后来的，并发的”。本句意为“他在公司职位比较低下，期望能很快升职”。A 项符合题意。26.Du

43、ring the nineteen years of his career, France Battiate has won the _ of a wide audience outside Italy.（分数：3.00）A.enjoymentB.appreciation C.evaluationD.reputation解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“享受”；B 项意为“欣赏，赏识”；C 项意为“估价”；D项意为“名誉，声望”。reputation of 后面一般是跟“的名声”，如：Chinese arts have won the reputation of elegance.本句

44、意为“在他 19年的职业生涯中，France Battiate 赢得了意大利之外大量观众的欣赏”。B 项符合题意。27.At the party we found that shy girl _ her mother all the time.（分数：3.00）A.depending onB.adhering toC.clinging to D.coinciding with解析：解析 本题考查固定词组。A 项意为“依赖”；B 项意为“附着，黏着”，多指物；C 项意为“紧紧贴着，粘着”；D 项意为“符合，一致”。本句意为“在聚会上我们发现，这个害羞的女孩一直紧紧粘着她妈妈”。C 项符合题意。2

45、8.In general, matters which lie entirely within state borders are the _ concern of state governments.（分数：3.00）A.extinctB.excludingC.excessiveD.exclusive 解析：解析 本题考查单词词义。A 项意为“熄灭的，耗尽的”；B 项意为“排外的”；C 项意为“过度的，极端的”；D 项意为“唯一的，独占性的”。本句意为“通常来讲，国家边境的问题都是政府最关切的问题”。D 项符合题意。29.A _ examination for the post of dep

46、artment manager will be held next Tuesday.（分数：3.00）A.classifyingB.comparingC.contrastingD.competitive 解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 classifying分类的；comparing 比较；contrasting 形成鲜明对比的，截然不同的；competitive 竞争性的。句意是，下周二将举行部门经理竞聘上岗考试。所以正确答案是 D选项。30.Mother was so weak after her operation that the doctors wondered if they w

47、ould be able to _ her through.（分数：3.00）A.pull B.cureC.pushD.save解析：解析 四个选项的意思分别是 pull through渡过难关，恢复健康；push through 挤过去，设法完成。句意是，母亲在手术后如此虚弱，所以医生们都在想他们能否帮她渡过这一难关。所以正确答案是A选项。31.What“s your attitude _ his criticism?（分数：2.00）A.againstB.forC.towards D.in解析：解析 考查固定用法。attitude towards sth.是固定的用法，“对的态度”。故选

48、C项正确。32.The newcomers found it impossible to _ themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.（分数：2.00）A.suitB.adapt C.regulateD.coordinate解析：解析 句意为：刚来的人们发现适应新国家的气候是不可能的。本题考查短语 adapt to“适应”，其他三个选项 A项 suit“诉讼”，C 项 regulate“调整”，D 项 coordinate“协调”，均不符合句意。33.It“s a program designed to _ mainly to 16 to 25 year olds.（分数：2.00）A.includeB.appreciateC.appeal D.conduct解析：解析 句意为：这是一个为吸引 16到 25岁年龄段的人而设计的项目。根据句意，