【考研类试卷】2012年北京第二外国语学院英语专业(语言学)真题试卷及答案解析.doc
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1、2012 年北京第二外国语学院英语专业(语言学)真题试卷及答案解析(总分:40.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、填空题(总题数:8,分数:16.00)1.The 1 function refers to that language can be used to establish an atmosphere or maintain social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_2. 1 linguistics attempts to lay down rules of correct
2、ness as to how language should be used while 2linguistics aims to discover and record what language is like and how it is used.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_3. 1 refers to a sound made with the obstruction of the air stream caused by the tongue tip or blade and the alveolar ridge, such as in the production
3、 oft.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_4. 1refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_5.The disjunction in logic corresponds to the English “or“. Its truth table shows that only when and as long as one of the constituents is true, the composite pr
4、oposition will be 1.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_6.The representative of interpretive perspective on sentence structure is the 1 grammar.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_7.Chomsky claims that it is the linguists task to characterize what speakers know about their language, i. e. , their 1, not what they do with their language, i
5、. e. , their 2.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_填空项 1:_8.If two speakers say, respectively “I done it last night“ and “I did it last night we can say that they are speaking two different 1.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_二、判断题(总题数:5,分数:10.00)9.The branch of linguistics which studies the meaning of language is semiotics.(分数:2.00)A.T
6、rueB.False10.Paul Grice made a distinction between what he called “constatives“ and “performatives“.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False11.The English sentence If only I could fly! is in imperative mood.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False12.Grammatical features can not have any influence on a person“s nonverbal behavior, perc
7、eptual habits, and cultural outlook.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False13.Radar is an example of acronym.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False三、简答题(总题数:7,分数:14.00)14.How do you interpret “arbitrariness“ as a design feature of language?(分数:2.00)_15.What do you think of the assumption that a language is more advanced than anothe
8、r?(分数:2.00)_16.What is assimilation in phonology? How is assimilation classified? Please use examples to illustrate it.(分数:2.00)_17.How do you understand synonymy? Are there real synonyms? Why(not)?(分数:2.00)_18.List and discuss four defining properties of verbs in English.(分数:2.00)_19.What are the d
9、eictic expressions in the utterance “I“m busy now so you can“t do that here. Come back tomorrow“ ?(分数:2.00)_20.How does the following exchange of conversation illustrate the Politeness Principle? A; How do you like my painting?B: I don“t have an eye for beauty, I“m afraid.(分数:2.00)_2012 年北京第二外国语学院英语
10、专业(语言学)真题试卷答案解析(总分:40.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、填空题(总题数:8,分数:16.00)1.The 1 function refers to that language can be used to establish an atmosphere or maintain social contact rather than for exchanging information or ideas.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:phatic)解析:解析:(考查语言的寒暄功能)2. 1 linguistics attempts to lay dow
11、n rules of correctness as to how language should be used while 2linguistics aims to discover and record what language is like and how it is used.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Prescriptive)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:descriptive)解析:解析:(考查规定性语言学与描述性语言学的区别)3. 1 refers to a sound made with the obstruction of the air st
12、ream caused by the tongue tip or blade and the alveolar ridge, such as in the production oft.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Alveolar)解析:解析:(考查齿龈音的定义)4. 1refers to the sense relation between a more general, more inclusive word and a more specific word.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:Hyponymy)解析:解析:(考查上下义关系的
13、定义)5.The disjunction in logic corresponds to the English “or“. Its truth table shows that only when and as long as one of the constituents is true, the composite proposition will be 1.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:真)解析:解析:(考查析取连词)6.The representative of interpretive perspective on sentence structure i
14、s the 1 grammar.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:(Transformational-)Generative)解析:解析:(考查生成语法的定义)7.Chomsky claims that it is the linguists task to characterize what speakers know about their language, i. e. , their 1, not what they do with their language, i. e. , their 2.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:compet
15、ence)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:performance)解析:解析:(考查乔姆斯基关于语言能力和语言表现的定义)8.If two speakers say, respectively “I done it last night“ and “I did it last night we can say that they are speaking two different 1.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:dialectsvarietiescodes)解析:解析:(考查方言、变体或语码)二、判断题(总题数:5,分数:10.00)9.The branch of l
16、inguistics which studies the meaning of language is semiotics.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False 解析:解析:考查语义学的定义。该句给出的是语义学的定义,而不是符号学的定义。语义学是研究语言意义的语言学的分支,而符号学是一种对人类社会使用符号的法则进行研究的科学。10.Paul Grice made a distinction between what he called “constatives“ and “performatives“.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False 解析:解析:考查叙事句与施为句的提出者
17、。二者的提出者是奥斯汀,而不是格赖斯。奥斯汀在 How to DoThings with Words(如何以言行事)一书中提出了施为句和叙事句的区别。而格赖斯则是合作原则的提出者。11.The English sentence If only I could fly! is in imperative mood.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False 解析:解析:考查语气的概念。该句应为虚拟语气,而不是祈使语气。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气及虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想,而不表示客观存在的事实,所说的是一个条件,不一定是事实,或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动
18、词的特殊形式来表示,比如本句中的could。12.Grammatical features can not have any influence on a person“s nonverbal behavior, perceptual habits, and cultural outlook.(分数:2.00)A.TrueB.False 解析:解析:考查语法特征。语法特征会对人们的非言语行为、感知习惯以及文化观产生影响。13.Radar is an example of acronym.(分数:2.00)A.True B.False解析:解析:考查首字母缩略词。首字母缩略词指通过组合每个词的首
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