ISO TR 834-2-2009 Fire-resistance tests - Elements of building construction - Part 2 Guidance on measuring uniformity of furnace exposure on test samples《耐火试验 房.pdf

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1、 Reference number ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 834-2 First edition 2009-07-01 Fire-resistance tests Elements of building construction Part 2: Guidance on measuring uniformity of furnace exposure on test samples Essais de rsistance au feu lments de construction Partie 2: Ligne

2、s directrices pour la mesure de luniformit de lexposition au feu des chantillons pour essai ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces wh

3、ich are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems I

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6、nical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso

7、.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Test equipment . 1 5 Test method. 11 6 Report 12 Annex A (informative) Comme

8、ntary . 13 Bibliography . 14 ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through

9、 ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborate

10、s closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards

11、. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. In exceptional circumstances, when a technical committee has collected

12、data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard (“state of the art”, for example), it may decide by a simple majority vote of its participating members to publish a Technical Report. A Technical Report is entirely informative in nature and does not have to

13、 be reviewed until the data it provides are considered to be no longer valid or useful. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/TR 834-2

14、was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 92, Fire safety, Subcommittee SC 2, Fire containment. ISO 834 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fire-resistance tests Elements of building construction: Part 1: General requirements Part 2: Guidance on measuring uniformity of furnace

15、exposure on test samples Technical report Part 3: Commentary on test method and test data application Technical report Part 4: Specific requirements for loadbearing vertical separating elements Part 5: Specific requirements for loadbearing horizontal separating elements Part 6: Specific requirements

16、 for beams Part 7: Specific requirements for columns Part 8: Specific requirements for non-loadbearing vertical separating elements Part 9: Specific requirements for non-loadbearing ceiling elements ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved v Introduction The purpose of this Technical Report

17、 is to recommend a procedure to measure the exposure of a test sample to a furnace during a test conducted in accordance with ISO 834 (all parts). The furnace exposure is determined by measuring temperature, air velocity and oxygen concentration at various locations. The recommended procedure includ

18、es the use of low-cost, readily available, lightweight materials to represent the test sample. The recommended materials minimize the influence of variable moisture content among samples. TECHNICAL REPORT ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1 Fire-resistance tests Elements of building

19、construction Part 2: Guidance on measuring uniformity of furnace exposure on test samples 1 Scope This Technical Report establishes general principles for measuring the uniformity of furnace exposure of samples tested in accordance with the requirements of ISO 834-1. This Technical Report specifies

20、the type and location of instrumentation used to measure the temperature, velocity and oxygen content near the surface of simulated test samples. The surface of the simulated sample facing the furnace is gypsum board secured to cold-formed steel supports. This Technical Report does not include requi

21、rements for furnace performance. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) ap

22、plies. ISO 834-1, Fire resistance tests Elements of building construction Part 1: General requirements 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 effective area of furnace opening furnace opening within the boundaries of the monitoring i

23、nstrumentation 4 Test equipment 4.1 Supporting construction 4.1.1 The supporting construction shall consist of cold-formed steel supports faced with two layers of gypsum board a minimum of 16 mm thick intended for use in fire-barrier assemblies on the side facing the furnace and with a single-layer

24、structural panel a minimum of 18 mm thick on the side facing away from the furnace. NOTE 1 Gypsum boards used in fire barrier assemblies are identified as Type X by ASTM C1396 and as Type F by EN 520. NOTE 2 Plywood and oriented strand boards are considered typical structural panels. ISO/TR 834-2:20

25、09(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved4.1.2 Construction details with respect to the location of the support channels, gypsum board and the structural panels are shown in Figures 1 through 6. Figures 1 through 3 apply to horizontal supporting constructions. Figures 4 through 6 apply to vertical suppor

26、ting constructions. 4.1.2.1 The construction details assume a horizontal furnace opening of 3 m by 4 m and a vertical furnace opening of 3 m by 3 m. Modifications to dimensions are necessary for other furnace opening dimensions. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 perimeter of supporting construction 2

27、support channels, nine, spaced 450 mm on centre Figure 1 Details of horizontal supporting construction Layout of support channels ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 perimeter of supporting construction 2 inner (first) layer of gypsum board or structur

28、al panels on unexposed surface Figure 2 Details of horizontal supporting construction Layout of inner layer of gypsum board and structural panels Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 perimeter of supporting construction 2 outer (second) layer of gypsum board Figure 3 Details of horizontal supporting cons

29、truction Layout of outer layer of gypsum board ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres Key 1 perimeter of supporting construction 2 support channels, eight, spaced 400 mm on centre Figure 4 Details of vertical supporting construction Layout of support channels Di

30、mensions in millimetres Key 1 perimeter of supporting construction 2 inner (first) layer of gypsum board or structural panels on unexposed surface Figure 5 Details of vertical supporting construction Layout of inner layer of gypsum board and structural panels ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights

31、 reserved 5 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 perimeter of supporting construction 2 outer layer of gypsum board Figure 6 Details of vertical supporting construction Layout of outer layer of gypsum board 4.1.3 The cold-formed steel support channels for horizontal supporting construction shall be fabri

32、cated from steel a minimum 1,4 mm thick. The channels shall be C-shaped with a minimum depth of 240 mm, a minimum flange width of 40 mm and a minimum return flange of 12 mm. The horizontal support channels shall be attached to rim channels. Rim channels are located along the perimeter of the horizon

33、tal supporting construction and run perpendicular to the direction of the support channels. The dimensions of the rim channels shall be compatible with the support channels. The support channels shall be attached to the rim channels with steel screws. NOTE Attachment of the support channel to the ri

34、m channel can require the use of a steel clip angle. 4.1.4 The cold-formed steel support channels for vertical supporting construction shall be fabricated from steel a minimum of 0,9 mm thick. The channels shall be C-shaped with a minimum depth of 90 mm, a minimum flange width of 30 mm and a minimum

35、 return flange of 5 mm. The vertical support channels shall be attached to rim channels. The rim channels are located along the top and bottom of the vertical supporting construction. The dimensions of the rim channels shall be compatible with the support channels. The support channels shall be atta

36、ched to the rim channels with steel screws. NOTE Attachment of the support channel to the rim channel can require the use of a steel clip angle. 4.1.5 The support channels shall be spaced 300 mm to 450 mm on centre. ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) 6 ISO 2009 All rights reserved4.1.6 The inner layer of gypsum b

37、oard shall be attached to the support channels with steel screws designed for the attachment of gypsum board to steel supports. Typical screws have a thread diameter of 5 mm, a head diameter of 8 mm and a length of 25 mm. The screws shall be spaced a maximum of 200 mm on centre along each support ch

38、annel. A distance of 10 mm to 15mm shall be provided between the screws and the edges of the gypsum board. NOTE The inner layer, or base layer, is in contact with the support channels. 4.1.7 The exposed layer of gypsum board shall be attached to the support channels with steel screws designed for th

39、e attachment of gypsum board to steel supports. Typical screws have a thread diameter of 5 mm, a head diameter of 8 mm and a length of 40 mm. The screws shall be spaced a maximum of 200 mm on centre along each support channel and spaced 100 mm from the screws used to attach the inner layer. A distan

40、ce of 10 mm to 15 mm shall be provided between the screws and the edges of the gypsum board. NOTE The exposed layer, or outside layer, is in contact with the inner layer of gypsum board. 4.1.8 The structural panels shall be attached to the support channels with steel screws designed for the attachme

41、nt of panels to steel supports. The screws shall be spaced a maximum of 150 mm on centre along each support channel. A distance of 10 mm to 15 mm shall be provided between the screws and the edges of the structural panels. 4.2 Instrumentation 4.2.1 Plate thermometers shall be constructed in accordan

42、ce with ISO 834-1. 4.2.2 A bi-directional, low-velocity probe shall be constructed as shown in Figure 7. Dimensions in millimetres aThis dimension varies. Figure 7 Bi-directional low velocity probe ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 7 4.2.3 The type K (chromel alumel) ungrounded junct

43、ion thermocouple used with the bi-directional probe shall be sheathed with Inconel 1)and have a maximum outside diameter of 1,5 mm. 4.2.4 The gas velocity, V, expressed in metres per second, shall be calculated from Equation (1): () ( ) VP T = 0,805 133 (1) where P is the pressure differential measu

44、red by bi-directional probe, expressed in pascals; T is the temperature measured by the fast-response thermocouple, expressed in kelvin. 4.2.5 The probe for obtaining the air sample in the furnace chamber to determine the oxygen content shall be in conformance with the requirements for the T probe s

45、pecified in ISO 834-1 used to measure furnace pressure. 4.2.6 The plate thermometers; bi-directional, low-velocity probes; and probe to measure oxygen content shall be located as shown in Figure 8. A minimum of five plate thermometers shall be used. NOTE For furnaces having an opening of 1 700 mm by

46、 1 700 mm or less, a plate thermometer is located at each corner of the effective area of the furnace and an additional plate thermometer is located at the centre of the effective area of the furnace. 1) Inconel is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given fo

47、r the convenience of users of this part of ISO 834 and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product. ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) 8 ISO 2009 All rights reservedKey 1 perimeter of supporting construction 2 plate thermometer 3 bi-directional probes and fast response thermocouples 4 T probe, locat

48、ed within the rectangle formed by the fast response thermocouples, for measurement of the oxygen content 5 cold-formed steel supports 6 structural panels 7 gypsum board Figure 8 Location of instrumentation 4.2.7 Dimensions L A1and L A2shall be determined by the testing laboratory. 4.2.8 Dimensions L

49、 B1and L B2shall not be greater than 1 700 mm. 4.2.9 The effective area, A eff , of the furnace shall be as given in Equation (2): A eff= (W 2L A1 )(H 2L A2 ) (2) 4.2.10 The plate thermometers shall be positioned on the exposed surface of the gypsum board as shown in Figure 9. ISO/TR 834-2:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 9 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 gypsum board 2 plate thermometer (facing furnace exposure) 3 copper pin welded to plate thermom